Talk:Decompression sickness

Preparation for GAN

This article should be capable of becoming a Good Article. I'm going to do some minor copyediting and clean up the references as best as I can. Any suggestions for improvements would be most welcome. --RexxS (talk) 14:37, 15 May 2010 (UTC)

POV

I've reverted the removal of text from Prevention, as the reason given was "removed pov". The section may be poorly-written, less than exact, and uncited, but it does contain useful information. As far as I can see, it's not pov. The answer to stylistic concerns, imprecisions and lack of references is to fix it, not delete it. I'll find some references and copyedit. --RexxS (talk) 20:42, 19 June 2010 (UTC)

GA Review

This review is transcluded from Talk:Decompression sickness/GA1. The edit link for this section can be used to add comments to the review.

Reviewer: Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 07:32, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

The first table

The table uses alternate colloquial and technical terminology in the first column. I feel it would be better if you used "the bends","the staggers", "the chokes" and "the niggles" or either "joints", "neuro", "lungs", "skin". Lean towards the first set as the next column has the anatomical locations. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 07:32, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

The colloquial terms have fallen out of use nowadays, with the exception of "bends", which is now often used casually to refer to any type of DCS. For the purpose of the table, I think I'd prefer more technical terms for the overall type as used in Bennett & Elliott (my primary source), and use the more precise location to differentiate likely symptoms, e.g. brain or spinal chord within neurological. I've made amendments, so see what you think now. --RexxS (talk) 22:41, 31 July 2010 (UTC)

Just tweaked the syntax a bit. Looks good.Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 09:34, 1 August 2010 (UTC)

Society and culture

Only deals with coverage in the US. I know in Canada social medicine of course covers DCS as it does an other emergent / urgent health problem. It will cover transport within Canada from one health care center to the other if treatment is not available in the first. But will not fly one home from abroad for treatment. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 07:40, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

Pretty much the same here in the UK. Although the EU-wide medical agreements may help pay for treatment/repatriation within the EU, I've not seen this tested. I do know that in Spain, it is normal to pay an extra few euros for recompression insurance. I will need to find good references for these though, before I can expand that section. Do you feel that expansion is necessary to meet GA criteria? I'm sure it would be needed for FA, but I was planning on expanding Society and culture along with examining In other animals (cetaceans are interesting) and Research as the next step, as it will require considerable further sourcing. --RexxS (talk) 22:53, 31 July 2010 (UTC)

No this is not necessary for GA just a suggestion. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 09:22, 1 August 2010 (UTC)

Signs and symptoms

1. Wondering about this reference to altitude DCS: "Joint pain "the bends" accounts for about 60 to 70 percent of all altitude DCS cases" Since most DCS is SCUBA related should we not present these stats first?
2. This text is cannot be true as written "Seizures, dizziness, vertigo, nausea, vomiting and unconsciousness may occur, mainly due to labyrinthitis"
3. I am sure these would be more common to see with spinal cord injury not peripheral nerve "Urinary incontinence and fecal incontinence" Could you check the ref?

Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 09:40, 1 August 2010 (UTC)

1. don't have a good source to verify that most DCS is scuba-related. It is, thankfully, a rare occurrence among both divers and aviators. Two factors may confound comparisons between the two: (i) There is very little money available for research into diving-related DCS compared to altitude DCS – see Talk:Decompression sickness/Archive 1#Comments where User:Gene Hobbs (who works in the field) outlines the problem with this diff; (ii) The possible career implications for any aviator who acknowledges a DCS incident present a barrier to accurate reporting, and are likely to considerably distort any attempt to estimate incidence of altitude DCS. As you can see, these two factors oppose each other, so a definitive answer to which is most prevalent is probably impossible. Anyway, I have no problem with presenting them in whatever order you feel is best. The page when I came to it first was a mish-mash of information with little structure, and I think I tried to collate along historical lines: caisson disease; dive-related; altitude related – but may not have been totally successful.

2. You would know better than I what labyrinthitis actually is, but reading the article, it seems to encompass insults to the audiovestibular system. Since the ear has high blood perfusion, it is an organ with higher-than-average susceptibility to DCS. Bubble-related damage to the inner ear will almost certainly accompany a similar insult to the brain, so I can see why it was lumped together. For what it's worth, "Inner ear decompression sickness" (IEDCS) manifests rapidly with diziness, vertigo, nausea, and vomiting. It's particularly of interest as it is also the commonest symptom of isobaric counterdiffusion, which is the only DCS to manifest during an ascent, rather than after surfacing. I think you're right that the table needs improvement (more later). The problem with isolating symptoms of DCS is well illustrated by Francis & Mitchell (Bennett and Elliott p.580):

Too often, DCI is considered to have a number of discrete symptoms and signs when, in reality, it is a multisystem condition that may express itself in a variety of manifestations that can occur singly or in an overlapping fashion.

3. I agree, although one of my refs describes spinal and peripheral nerve together (again!), my primary ref (Francis & Mitchell, in Bennett and Elliott p.581) attributes incontinence to "spinal manifestations". I'm tempted to remove 'peripheral nerve' as a location since it's not really distinguished from spinal in any of my sources. I'd be happy to be guided by you on this. --RexxS (talk) 18:34, 1 August 2010 (UTC)

Cause

1. Why these locations? "DCS caused by ascent to altitude can happen without flying,<ref name="lippmann2007-79" /> when travelling to places such as the Ethiopian and Eritrean highland, which is 2,000 to 3,000 m (7,000 to 10,000 ft) above sea level, or the Peruvian and Bolivian altiplano (3,000 to 5,000 m (10,000 to 20,000 ft) above sea level)." Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 11:14, 1 August 2010 (UTC)

Although I did not provide these locations, I suspect that they were chosen as quite extreme examples of the scenario where a traveller may dive at the coast and then drive up to altitude, provoking DCS. In both cases, a drive of less than 40 miles from the coast can gain over 2,000 metres in altitude. If I were providing an example, I'd use one of my favourite dive locations, Tenerife, where I can do an lengthy deep dive in the morning and drive up Mount Teide (3,718 m) in the afternoon. I only did that once and turned back after about 15 minutes when I started feeling unwell and realised what was happening. I don't have any strong feeling about providing any particular examples, or any at all. Do you think they add value to the article? --RexxS (talk) 18:54, 1 August 2010 (UTC)

Well if they are notable within the literature we should keep them. If not than they should be removed.Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 06:58, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

I don't find all of those in the literature. However, that paragraph is a poorer duplicate of part of Predisposing factors, so I've been bold and simply removed it, as I think it is better treated as a risk factor than as a cause per se. --RexxS (talk) 19:12, 8 August 2010 (UTC)

Tables

First, thanks very much for your copyediting, James, I really value a fresh pair of eyes on these articles, as I feel very lonely on scuba-related topics, with only a tiny handful of regular editors for company.

Next, would you please take a look at User:RexxS/Accessibility. I'm currently working with Jack Merridew and others to improve awareness of the problems that rowspans cause to visually-impaired readers. It's a pet issue for me at the moment, and I believe quite strongly that replicating information in tables is sometimes necessary for improved accessibility, despite the aesthetic attraction of rowspans (which work fine for non-impaired readers). If I can convince you that there is a real point in this, I'd be grateful if you'd reconsider your edit that added the rowspans. In any case, any comments at User talk:RexxS/Accessibility would also be welcome.

I think I would like to amend the table somewhat, especially in the light of your comments above and the manifestations described by Francis and Mitchell. The 'peripheral nerve' symptoms essentially belong with 'spinal chord'. Would 'audiovestibular' be a more accurate descriptor for 'inner ear'? In the same frame, perhaps 'cutaneous' would be better instead of 'skin bends'? Francis & Mitchell use the following subheadings in their discussion: Neurologic, Musculoskeletal, Constitutional, Audiovestibular, Cutaneous, Lymphatic, and Cardiopulmonary. --RexxS (talk) 19:15, 1 August 2010 (UTC)

Sorry, some small points I forgot:

• Normally, I wouldn't label a table, but it's referred to in Treatment as "(see Table 1)" – should I amend that to "(see table 'Signs and symptoms of decompression sickness')"?
• I think the article is primarily written in British English (dmy for dates, metres not meters, depressurisation not depressurization etc.), so 'traveling' doesn't fit – 'travelling' is the correct spelling in en-gb.
• Latest consensus at WP:Images#Image choice and placement says "Images should be large enough to reveal relevant details without overwhelming the surrounding article text. Similar types of images within an article often look appealing if they appear at the same pixel size". Although the latter part of the guidance urges some consistency, I believe the former is the overriding factor. I chose the size of File:Caisson Schematic.svg to allow a clear reading of the text. Setting it back to default means that 99% of readers will see it at 220px wide, and won't be able to read the text. MOS:IMAGES specifically gives this exception from default: "Images containing important detail (for example, a map, diagram, or chart), and which may need larger sizes than usual". I really think this should be applied in this case.

Would you have another look and see if you agree? --RexxS (talk) 20:07, 1 August 2010 (UTC)

Yes feel free to makes these changes. WRT images if they are set to default then I can adjust my default to 250 and they all line up nice and are bigger. There is a discussion to increase the default image size but concerns about processing speed.

WRT row span I do find that it makes the table easier to interpret for those with good vision ( who will be the majority ). Will read over the concerns for those with less vision :-) Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 07:04, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

No need for the table label now. Image resized - I can read the text/detail clearly now - does it look ok to you? I've rewritten the table to better reflect Bennett & Elliott. Until better screen readers are written, I've gone for maximum accessibility for visually-impaired, but it only costs one rowspan now. --RexxS (talk) 01:23, 3 August 2010 (UTC)

Isobaric counterdiffusion

Could use some expansion and explanation here as to how it works as it is a little counter intuitive.Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 08:11, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

I'll get some good refs tomorrow and expand it. It's because nitrogen is much more soluble than helium (even though it diffuses slower). Switching from a rich helium mix to a rich nitrogen mix at constant depth, you can temporarily oversaturate some tissues' total inert gas loading, and provoke bubbles - usually results in a hit in the inner ear. --RexxS (talk) 01:23, 3 August 2010 (UTC)

The Isobaric counterdiffusion article had the refs I needed, so I've gone ahead and expanded the section. Does that make more sense now? Steve Burton's webpage explains the phenomenon with worked examples, but I have resisted adding that level of detail. --RexxS (talk) 21:51, 3 August 2010 (UTC)

Grammatical changes

I have made a number of grammatical changes. Please check that I have not changed the intended meaning.Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 08:59, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

I've made a couple of copyedits: Prevention - Underwater diving better than scuba since it applies to all divers; I've revised the deco stop part so as not to assume the diver is breathing nitrogen - it applies to any inert gas.

A couple of other points:

• the pathophysiology is believed, not known. We don't really know the mechanism of damage from bubbles - thrombosis, physical platelet damage, chemical change in the walls of the blood vessels - all of them are speculated, but no real proof of any (or a combination) has been show. Even in vitro tests are inconclusive. (I'll find you a ref if you're interested in this esoteric area.)
• Regarding the 24/36 hour onset for diagnosis of DCS, Francis & Mitchell (in Bennett & Elliott, p.588) say "recreational divers may not notice subtle symptoms until one or more days after their last dive. Altitude exposure ... may be associated with even longer delays". Nevertheless, Ed Thalmann knows what he's talking about, so I'll happily accept the ref you found - although there's probably less than 1% of cases with symptom onset between 24 and 36 hours, so it's probably immaterial. --RexxS (talk) 01:23, 3 August 2010 (UTC)

Lets use both refs and say 24 to 36 hours.Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 04:03, 4 August 2010 (UTC)

The more I think about it, the more I think Ed Thalmann has got it right. There's no real contradiction between the views, because I think we're talking about the point beyond which DCS is no longer the most likely diagnosis ("Decompression sickness should be suspected ... particularly within X hours of diving"). I'm honestly much happier with X=24 than anything else as we're pretty certain that (absent any other provocative factors) 98% of all cases have onset of symptoms within 24 hours. --RexxS (talk) 19:31, 8 August 2010 (UTC)

Treatment

The treatment section dose not touch on a number of points such as the positioning of the person with the condition. I have sent you a paper to use to address this.Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 09:16, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

Thanks James, I'll have a good read tomorrow. To the best of my knowledge, the current recommendations for positioning are (i) for musculoskeletal symptoms only: whatever position is most comfortable; (ii) otherwise: supine (the Trendelenburg position was discredited years ago for DCS). But I agree some mention would benefit the article, although it's really only initial first aid, not actual treatment. --RexxS (talk) 01:23, 3 August 2010 (UTC)

I've had a good read of the uptodate article you sent – thanks very much. Paradoxically, it's out-of-date in the treatment section. The Tetzlaff, Shank & Muth perspective is dated to 2003 and looks as if it derives from advice such as O'Dowd & Kelley, 2000, which was indeed popular at the time. Although Durant's maneuver may assist with clearing "a large gas bubble obstructing the right ventricular outflow tract", such a diagnosis is near impossible at initial response, and routine use of any head-down position is problematical when dealing with suspected air emboli. This is discussed by Moon and Gorman (Bennett & Elliott, p.616) who observe although that early studies in rabbits (Van Allen et al 1929) showed a prophylactic effect, later studies (Butler et al 1988; Mehlhorn et al 1994) found little effect on distribution of intravascular air; and that a prolonged head-down position results in enhanced cerebral edema (Dutka 1990). They conclude that the supine position is preferable, which is confirmed in this online Merck manual: "Placing patients in the left lateral decubitus position (Durant's maneuver) or Trendelenburg position is no longer recommended" (Alfred A. Bove 2009). I'm not sure how much of this discussion is appropriate to include in the article. Any thoughts? --RexxS (talk) 15:20, 3 August 2010 (UTC)

I am not a big fan of Trendelenburg as you can see from my edits on its Wikipedia page. I agree with your research. Maybe say that at one point it was routinely recommended by is now only in rare circumstances. Trendelenburg decreases CNS perfusion and increases the risk of aspiration therefore has risks.Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 04:17, 4 August 2010 (UTC)

I've fleshed out the section to discuss broader aspects of management. --RexxS (talk) 20:28, 8 August 2010 (UTC)

Epidemiology

Any way we can make the line "The Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association has estimated that around 3.2 million divers participate at least once a year in the United States.<ref name="emed" />" more pertinent to DCS? Any publish literature taking the 2.8 per 10,000 and extrapolating it to the number of dives?Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 09:04, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

There's your ref: http://www.diversalertnetwork.org/medical/articles/article.asp?articleid=65 which says "Decompression illness affects scuba divers, aviators, astronauts and compressed-air workers. It occurs in approximately 1,000 U.S. scuba divers each year." I think juxtaposing that with the 2.8 per 10,000 and ditching the Sporting Goods Manufacturers would make the points more appropriately than doing the arithmetic (3,200,000 divers * 2.8/10,000 dives = 896 {some divers dive more than once!}). What do you think? --RexxS (talk) 01:23, 3 August 2010 (UTC)

Passed

1. Well written?:

Prose quality: -still a bit choppy but not a deal-breaker.

Manual of Style compliance:

2. Factually accurate and verifiable?:

References to sources:

Citations to reliable sources, where required:

No original research:

3. Broad in coverage?:

Major aspects:

Focused:

4. Reflects a neutral point of view?:

Fair representation without bias:

5. Reasonably stable?

No edit wars, etc. (Vandalism does not count against GA):

6. Illustrated by images, when possible and appropriate?:

Images are copyright tagged, and non-free images have fair use rationales:

Images are provided where possible and appropriate, with suitable captions:

Overall:

Pass or Fail: - Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 06:14, 13 August 2010 (UTC)

"To Do" list

I'll just put some ideas for development of the article here while they are fresh in my mind:

• Epidemiology – use the ref above to make the paragraph more relevant
• Alt text – images need good alt text
• Prose – a good copyedit is needed to remove any remaining repetition and improve readability
• New sections:
  • Research
  • Other animals

Any other suggestions are much appreciated. --RexxS (talk) 13:16, 13 August 2010 (UTC)

Update: Epidemiology and Alt text done, although alt text is always capable of improvement. --RexxS (talk) 17:50, 15 August 2010 (UTC)

2011 Lancet review

• Vann, RD (2011 Jan 8). "Decompression illness". Lancet. 377 (9760): 153–64. PMID 21215883. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) let me know if you need help with a copy. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 07:24, 7 April 2011 (UTC)

Other species?

Should the article mention the phenomenon as it applies to, for instance, ultra-deep-sea species like the anglerfish which die when brought to the surface? (leaving aside the point that not all anglerfish are ultra-deep species) DS (talk) 23:22, 3 December 2012 (UTC)

Reader feedback: How long do they need to sta...

65.25.181.201 posted this comment on 23 June 2013 (view all feedback).

How long do they need to stay in the hyperbaric chamber as a treatment.

Any thoughts? Subsection of treatment?

• • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 15:49, 12 July 2013 (UTC)

I say neither... It is worth mentioning a range of times and that various treatment tables can be used but that could be a VERY long subsection if done right. I have been working on some images of the tables to do something similar to what I did when I re-wrote In-water recompression but I have not had much time finish it yet. Here is a good reference to use though:

• Berghage, TE; Vorosmarti Jr, J; Barnard, EEP (1978). "Recompression Treatment Tables Used Throughout the World by Government and Industry". Naval Medical Research Institute Technical Report. NMRI-78-16. Retrieved 2013-07-12.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Just my 2c! Thanks! --Gene Hobbs (talk) 01:22, 13 July 2013 (UTC)

You are right. Too much for a subsection. I will start an article Therapeutic recompression when I find the time. That reference will be useful. IWR will be a useful link. Let me know what tables you have done so I don't duplicate them. I use Inkscape. • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 16:53, 13 July 2013 (UTC)

I had only done the USN and Comex tables so far. A few of the other international tables that are not really used any longer have been harder to come up with and getting copyright permission on a few of these "company" tables have been a bear (This includes Comex). It should not be a recompression article since treatment tables are used for much more than just diving. Whatever we end up with, it needs to be enough to be nominated for a DYK so the diving/ hyperbaric articles can get more exposure. If you much more than a stub, that becomes impossible since it would require a 5x expansion to meet requirements. --Gene Hobbs (talk) 17:27, 13 July 2013 (UTC)

What then? I would have thought Hyperbaric medicine is too general to go into detail on treatment tables and it is already an adequate article. How many of the tables are used for anything other than decompression sickness and the occasional gas embolism? • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 18:40, 13 July 2013 (UTC)

The obvious I was drafting was "hyperbaric treatment tables". The last I counted there was about five other tables and several of the normal diving tables being used for other things as well. This one question was addressed here. Why not wait until we have enough assembled for a real article rather than adding another one that will need a bunch of attention? --Gene Hobbs (talk) 18:53, 13 July 2013 (UTC)

OK. You lead on this one. Let me know if there is anything I can do. • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 10:14, 14 July 2013 (UTC)

Bump: @Gene Hobbs: Any progress? • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 06:27, 20 December 2014 (UTC)

• Bump: @Gene Hobbs: Any progress? If you are currently unable to spare the time, please let me know. • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 14:51, 31 July 2015 (UTC)

Grecian bends

As Peter has pointed out, a search through the cited source:

• McCullough, David (June 2001). The Great Bridge: The Epic Story of the Building of the Brooklyn Bridge. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-1737-3. Retrieved 30 September 2014.

doesn't find any evidence of the attribution to "Greek or anal sex". The text was added on 3 October 2008 by Vargob whose last edit was well over a year ago. Consequently, I'll remove that text and reference the term from

• Butler, WP (2004). "Caisson disease during the construction of the Eads and Brooklyn Bridges: A review". Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine. 31 (4): 445–59. PMID 15686275. Retrieved 30 May 2010.

where it's discussed on page 446. --RexxS (talk) 17:07, 1 October 2014 (UTC)

Comex 30

Should there be reference to Heliox 50 as a treatment gas? see http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/2133/8329941.pdf?sequence=1 • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 06:30, 20 December 2014 (UTC)

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IP edit-warring

I've twice reverted the same two changes made by an anon IP, 2405:205:3085:8016::b8a:90a0 (talk · contribs · WHOIS) from somewhere near Delhi. The first change alters the title of the infobox from Decompression sickness, the consensus article title, to Decompression sickness/Caissons disease, adding an antiquated alternative name, mainly only of historical interest. Conventionally, we don't list multiple alternate names in the infobox title, and there's no reason to pick one from the list of alternatives. The second change links the mention of DCS in second sentence of the lead to DCS, a disambiguation page – an edit which makes the article worse. As this is the second time I've had to revert, I'm treating this and any further similar edits from the IP as vandalism - i.e. edits made with the deliberate intent to damage the encyclopedia. If anybody believes the IP's edits to be useful, please feel free to make a case here. --RexxS (talk) 17:54, 7 May 2017 (UTC)

I agree that these edits do not improve the article and could be managed as vandalism due to persistent failure to provide a reason or engage in discussion, though the editor probably will not agree. Not sure how an admin would see it if someone complained, but leave the next revert to me just in case. • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 06:32, 8 May 2017 (UTC)

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Physiological effects - missing?

I visited this article to find out about the effects of this condition on the human body, but found very little. I feel the article needs a separate section on this perhaps. Asgrrr (talk) 19:46, 1 January 2018 (UTC)

I agree. There should be a section on pathophysiology. I have been sent a copy of a review article which will be useful for a start, but it is a bit dated (Calder 1986). Any additional references welcome. · · · Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 05:49, 4 January 2018 (UTC)

Asgrrr, New section Decompression sickness#Pathophysiology created. Now open for comment and improvement. Is this the sort of thing you were looking for? · · · Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 11:12, 5 January 2018 (UTC)

Thank you, this is a step in the right direction. I take it this is verbatim from a medical/scientific paper? I feel the text is a bit too technical for an encyclopedic entry. Either a complete rewrite/simplification (dumbing down???), or an additional summary of resulting physiological effects in layman's language is required I think. Asgrrr (talk) 01:54, 7 January 2018 (UTC)

Asgrrr, This is a bit late, but I feel I should respond anyway. The text is in no way verbatim from anything, that is expressly forbidden as plagiarism. It is a summarisation of at least eight different sources, each cited in the text, though the terminology is common to the field of study, and is likely to be found in any reasonably competent text on the subject. To rewrite in a simplified form would be possible, but either some information will be lost, or the text would have to be significantly longer. If you could be more specific about what you do not follow, I will try to make it more comprehensible. Please ping me with your reply or I may miss it again. Cheers, · · · Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 14:22, 4 December 2018 (UTC)

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6458077/Desperate-battle-save-newly-qualified-scuba-diver-38-died-horrific-accident.html

86.171.69.69 (talk) 12:36, 4 December 2018 (UTC)

Unfortunately nothing useful in this article. Not even the proximate cause of death has been reported. I can read between the lines a bit, but any conclusions I might reach are not admissible for Wikipedia. All we can be reasonably sure of is that it was not decompression sickness that killed this diver as the reported depth/time profile was not enough to require decompression, so not appropriate for this article anyway. Furthermore the report appears to be unreliable in other details. The British Swimming Coaches Association does not train divers. The organisation was probably BSAC, the British Sub-Aqua Club, which does train divers, and does has a certification level "Ocean Diver". The reporter does not seem to have checked the facts very well. I can see why Wikipedia does not consider the Daily Mail to be a reliable source. Cheers, · · · Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 14:01, 4 December 2018 (UTC)

Other animals

The usual heading is "Other animals", not "Other species" and that has been stable for the last two years. The IP 35.136.139.150 (talk · contribs · WHOIS) is fixated with changing "animals" to "species" and is now edit-warring to force their version into the article. Their latest edit summary, "Undid revision 912966153 by RexxS (talk) because humans are not animals (why can't you people understand that?) and this can also happen in non animals species like bacteria and insects" demonstrates their lack of understanding. Humans are animals, as are insects, and any organism that is susceptible to decompression sickness is almost certainly an animal. I'd be grateful for any fresh eyes on this issue. --RexxS (talk) 16:23, 29 August 2019 (UTC)

• I agree with RexxS. Ex nihil ^(talk) : Ex nihil (talk) 17:18, 29 August 2019 (UTC)

Definition too complicated to understand

"dissolved gases coming out of solution into bubbles inside the body on depressurization"

This is too complicated to understand. Too many conjunctures. Gases coming out of solution; fine. Into bubbles? Solution into bubble? or gases are present in the form of bubbles in solution? Again, it is followed by "inside the body on depressurization" What is inside the body? Solution? Or bubbles? Sorry it makes me totally lost. Can we please make it more clear. May be by dividing in shorter and simpler sentences? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 106.220.148.63 (talk) 15:27, 10 December 2020 (UTC)

1. Inside body tissues there are gasses dissolved in solution. Sometimes there are also tiny bubbles of gas in the tissues as well.
2. When the pressure is lowered, these gases may come out of solution.
3. The molecules of these gases may move from the solution into an existing bubble, or form a new bubble.

That's what happens. The lead is meant to provide a concise description of the subject, so we shouldn't be writing four sentences when one will do. I'm not sure what you're finding difficult about "out of solution into bubbles". As pressure increases, gases will dissolve into a liquid and it's called a solution – is that the part that's missing for you? When the pressure is released, they can no longer be dissolved, and they then form bubbles in the liquid. You see that every time you open the top of a fresh bottle of fizzy drink. I'll have a think about how it could be written more clearly. --RexxS (talk) 16:18, 10 December 2020 (UTC)

I have to agree the opening made little sense to me. Particularly, the lack of definition of "solution" confuses the issue. What solution? Blood? Cerebrospinal fluid? Any liquids/bodily fluids inside the body? This line in the body "... a reduction in ambient pressure that results in the formation of bubbles of inert gases within tissues of the body..." is more understandable and readable to me. Macktheknifeau (talk) 19:17, 11 June 2021 (UTC)

Solution in pretty much any perfused tissue, and any unperfused tissue close enough for diffusion. Definitions available through wikilinks in the article, or if that fails, a search. · · · Peter Southwood ^(talk): 11:33, 13 July 2021 (UTC)

It's not the responsibility of any encyclopedia to reteach information taught in grammar school in every article that refers to a principal. CO2 gas dissolved in soda pop comes out of solution, and forms bubbles when you shake it. Even if you weren't taught in school that's not the only place you come across that principle. As used in this article points out the same principal applies here. 2600:8807:5400:28F0:D56:83F3:7C70:DBAC (talk) 08:39, 2 September 2023 (UTC)

Orphaned references in Decompression sickness

I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Decompression sickness's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "pmid1249001":

• From History of decompression research and development: Spencer MP (February 1976). "Decompression limits for compressed air determined by ultrasonically detected blood bubbles". Journal of Applied Physiology. 40 (2): 229–35. doi:10.1152/jappl.1976.40.2.229. PMID 1249001.
• From Underwater diving: Spencer, M.P. (February 1976). "Decompression limits for compressed air determined by ultrasonically detected blood bubbles". Journal of Applied Physiology. 40 (2): 229–35. doi:10.1152/jappl.1976.40.2.229. PMID 1249001.
• From History of underwater diving: Spencer, MP (February 1976). "Decompression limits for compressed air determined by ultrasonically detected blood bubbles". Journal of Applied Physiology. 40 (2): 229–35. doi:10.1152/jappl.1976.40.2.229. PMID 1249001.
• From Decompression (diving): Spencer, M.P. (February 1976). "Decompression limits for compressed air determined by ultrasonically detected blood bubbles". Journal of Applied Physiology. 40 (2): 229–35. doi:10.1152/jappl.1976.40.2.229. PMID 1249001.

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT⚡ 23:12, 3 July 2022 (UTC)

Source of the term The Bends not mentioned

Intestinal gas trapped in a tight place in the intestines that expands causes extreme abdominal pain causing the victim to bend over. That has been referred to in many writings about divers for centuries before any artificial compression caused bubbles in the blood decompression illness or diagnosis of same was even possible. The article has no mention of that. 2600:8807:5400:28F0:D56:83F3:7C70:DBAC (talk) 08:56, 2 September 2023 (UTC)

Probably because none of the editors have come across a reliable source making that claim. Please cite or link to your sources so that we can assess their quality. Cheers, · · · Peter Southwood ^(talk): 17:11, 24 January 2024 (UTC)