State Route 396 (SR 396), commonly referred to as Saturn Parkway, is a 4.47-mile-long (7.19 km)[a] east–west primary state route located in the city of Spring Hill in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The entire route is a controlled-access highway, and provides direct access between the General Motors Spring Hill Manufacturing plant and Interstate 65, as well as the business district of Spring Hill. It takes its name from Saturn Corporation, a subsidiary of General Motors that operated the plant from 1990 to 2007 as its sole manufacturing facility.[3]
State Route 396 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saturn Parkway | ||||
 | ||||
| Route information | ||||
| Maintained by TDOT | ||||
| Length | 4.47 mi[1] (7.19 km) | |||
| Existed | 1985–present | |||
| History | Completed in 1989 | |||
| Major junctions | ||||
| West end |  US 31 in Spring Hill | |||
| East end |  I-65 near Spring Hill | |||
| Location | ||||
| Country | United States | |||
| State | Tennessee | |||
| Counties | Maury, Williamson | |||
| Highway system | ||||
| ||||
Route description edit
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SR 396, most commonly known as Saturn Parkway, is a divided four-lane access-controlled facility its entire length.[1] It is located within the southern part of the city of Spring Hill in Middle Tennessee approximately 42 miles (68 km) south of Nashville.[4] Its primary purpose is to provide access between the General Motors (GM) automotive assembly plant and Interstate 65, as well as residential and commercial areas within Spring Hill.[5][6] In 2022, annual average daily traffic (AADT) volumes on the parkway ranged from 31,575 vehicles per day near its western terminus to 39,174 vehicles per day at the eastern terminus.[7] SR 396 is one of few non-interstate highways in the state with a 70-mile-per-hour (113 km/h) speed limit, which is allowed on all controlled-access highways in Tennessee.[4][8]
SR 396 officially begins in the center of a three-level combination interchange with U.S. Route 31 (US 31) southwest of the business district of Spring Hill and west of the GM plant. This interchange contains two loop ramps and one flyover ramp, and utilizes separate ramps to provide access to and from US 31 northbound and southbound from both directions. Beyond this interchange, the roadway continues to the north for 1.3 mi (2.1 km) as an unnumbered surface street that retains the Saturn Parkway name, and provides the primary means of access to the GM plant. The highway then shifts east, where the speed limit increases from 55 to 70 miles per hour (89 to 113 km/h), and has a diamond interchange with Kedron Road directly south of the Spring Hill Battlefield. A short distance later, it has a diamond interchange with Port Royal Road, before shifting slightly northward and reaching its eastern terminus with I-65 at a trumpet interchange along the Maury-Williamson County line.[2][4][9]
History edit
The Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT) announced plans to build SR 396 on September 11, 1985, for a price of $29.3 million (equivalent to $70.5 million in 2023[10]) as part of an effort to improve infrastructure around the then-future Saturn Plant, which had been announced three months prior.[5][6] At the time, Spring Hill was a small agricultural community of approximately 1,000 residents.[11] The environmental impact statement for the route was approved by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) on October 17, 1986.[12] Contracts to construct SR 396 were awarded in November 1987,[13] and construction began the following month.[14] The parkway opened on August 7, 1989, in a ribbon-cutting ceremony officiated by then-Governor Ned McWherter.[15] The final construction cost of the parkway was $37 million (equivalent to $79.1 million in 2023[10]).[15] The GM plant began operations the following year.[16] TDOT considered using SR 396 for a section of Interstate 840, an outer southern bypass around Nashville, but planners ultimately chose a route approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) to the north.[17]
Since the route's completion and the opening of the GM plant, Spring Hill has grown to contain more than 50,000 residents and continues to rapidly expand, necessitating improvements to the Saturn Parkway and other roads in the area. On May 30, 2018, work began on a 1.3-mile (2.1 km) long extension of the parkway from its western terminus at US 31 to SR 247 (Beechcroft Road).[18] While technically not part of SR 396, this extension retains the Saturn Parkway name, and was constructed to improve traffic flow around the north end of the GM plant. The project also involved modifying the interchange with US 31 and widening and intersection improvements on SR 247.[19] It was completed in September 2020.[20][21] In 2019, traffic signals were installed at the interchange with Port Royal Road.[22] On October 29, 2021, a ceremony was held designating the bridges over Kedron Road as the J.B. Napier and Shirley Napier Memorial Bridge, in honor of a former state representative and his wife.[23]
Major intersections edit
The entire route is in Spring Hill. All exits are unnumbered.
| County | mi[1][4] | km | Destinations | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maury | 0.00 | 0.00 |   To SR 247 (GM Plant, Beechcroft Road) | Western terminus; road continues to the north as an unnumbered surface street that retains the Saturn Parkway name | |
| US 31 (SR 6) – Spring Hill, Columbia | Combination interchange; separate exits for US 31 north and US 31 south | ||||
| 1.45 | 2.33 | Kedron Road | Diamond interchange | ||
| 3.18 | 5.12 | Port Royal Road | Diamond interchange | ||
| Maury–Williamson county line | 4.47 | 7.19 | I-65 – Nashville, Huntsville | Trumpet interchange; eastern terminus; I-65 exit 53 | |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi | |||||
Notes edit
- ^ The SR 396 designation officially begins in the center of an interchange with US 31, and ends in the center of an interchange with I-65. The Saturn Parkway name continues for approximately 1.3 miles (2.1 km) past US 31 onto a surface street. The southernmost 0.4 miles (0.64 km) of this street are maintained by TDOT, but not given a numerical designation[2]
References edit
- ^ a b c Tennessee Department of Transportation Long Range Planning Division Office of Data Visualization (1997). Spring Hill (PDF) (Map). Tennessee Department of Transportation.
- ^ a b Tennessee Department of Transportation Long Range Planning Division Office of Data Visualization (2018). Maury County (PDF) (Map). Tennessee Department of Transportation.
- ^ "Timeline: GM plant in Spring Hill". The Daily Herald. Columbia, Tennessee. February 20, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
- ^ a b c d Google (June 29, 2018). "Tennessee State Route 396" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
- ^ a b Sherman, Joe (1994). In the Rings of Saturn. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 320. ISBN 0-19-507244-8 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b Hilman, Randy (September 12, 1985). "'Scenic Parkway' To Connect Saturn". The Tennessean. Nashville. pp. 1-E, 4-E. Retrieved October 23, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Tennessee Department of Transportation. "Transportation Data Management System". ms2soft.com. MS2. Retrieved November 27, 2021.
- ^ "Tennessee Code § 55-8-152". Justia. 2019. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
- ^ Tennessee Department of Transportation Long Range Planning Division Office of Data Visualization (2018). Williamson County (PDF) (Map). Tennessee Department of Transportation.
- ^ a b Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023). "What Was the U.S. GDP Then?". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved November 30, 2023. United States Gross Domestic Product deflator figures follow the MeasuringWorth series.
- ^ Sherman (1994), p. 124
- ^ Tennessee Department of Transportation (1986). Connector Hwy (proposed) from SR-6 to I-65, Serving Saturn Corporation Plant, Maury/Williamson Counties: Environmental Impact Statement (Report). Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved October 26, 2020 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Two Saturn parkway contracts awarded". The Tennessean. Nashville. November 25, 1987. p. 6-A – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "McWherter will clip Saturn road ribbon". The Commercial Appeal. Memphis. Associated Press. August 6, 1989. p. C5. Retrieved October 23, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b Barlow, Randy (August 8, 1989). "Saturn Parkway Officially Open; Final Work Will Take 6–8 Weeks". The Tennessean. Nashville. p. 2-B. Retrieved August 23, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Sherman (1994), p. 321
- ^ Ease, Jim (February 13, 1990). "I-840 headed across land of McWherter backer". The Tennessean. p. 1-B. Retrieved October 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Saturn Parkway extension, Beechcroft Road widening to begin May 30". Williamson Herald. Franklin, Tennessee. May 17, 2018. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
- ^ "State Route 396 Saturn Parkway Extension". tn.gov. Tennessee Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on July 12, 2018. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
- ^ "Saturn Parkway Extension". springhilltn.org. Spring Hill, Tennessee Government. November 13, 2020. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
- ^ "Saturn Parkway Extension". Superior Construction. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
- ^ Willis, Alexander (March 12, 2019). "Traffic signals for Port Royal Road and Saturn Parkway to begin construction this spring". Williamson Home Page. Brentwood, Tennessee. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
- ^ "Bridge named in honor of J.B and Shirley Napier". Columbia, Tennessee: Main Street Maury. November 5, 2021. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
External links edit
