St Kilda (New Zealand electorate)

St Kilda is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It existed from 1946 to 1996 and was represented by four Members of Parliament.

Population centres edit

The 1941 New Zealand census had been postponed due to World War II, so the 1946 electoral redistribution had to take ten years of population growth and movements into account. The North Island gained a further two electorates from the South Island due to faster population growth. The abolition of the country quota through the Electoral Amendment Act, 1945 reduced the number and increased the size of rural electorates. None of the existing electorates remained unchanged, 27 electorates were abolished, eight former electorates were re-established, and 19 electorates were created for the first time, including St Kilda.[1] The original electorate covered the southern part of Otago Peninsula and some of the settlements that form the suburb of South Dunedin, including St Kilda.[2] It thus took up most of the area that previously belonged to the Dunedin Central electorate (which in itself took over most of the area that previously belonged to the Dunedin West electorate), and some area that had belonged to the Dunedin South electorate (which was abolished).[3]

The southern part of Otago Peninsula has always belonged to the St Kilda electorate until the 1987 electoral redistribution, and the various electoral redistributions determined how much of the suburb of South Dunedin belonged to the electorate.[4][5]

History edit

The electorate was created in 1946,[6] and was abolished in 1996 (the first election using the mixed-member proportional representation (MMP) system), when it was absorbed into the Dunedin South electorate.

The first representative was Fred Jones. He previously represented the Dunedin South electorate and retired at the end of two parliamentary terms of representing St Kilda in 1951.[7]

Members of Parliament edit

Key

  Labour   National

Election Winner
1946 election Fred Jones
1949 election
1951 election Jim Barnes
1954 election
1957 election Bill Fraser
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
1978 election
1981 election Michael Cullen
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election
1993 election
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Dunedin South)

Election results edit

1993 election edit

1993 general election: St Kilda[8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael Cullen 10,019 47.07 -0.83
Alliance Leah McBey 4,948 23.24
National Malcolm MacPherson 4,899 23.01
NZ First Kevin Fogarty 1,027 4.82
Christian Heritage Hank Geerlofs 392 1.84
Majority 5,071 23.82 +14.60
Turnout 21,285 85.75 +1.07
Registered electors 24,821

1990 election edit

1990 general election: St Kilda[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael Cullen 9,797 47.90 -12.35
National Bruce Alexander 7,911 38.68
Green Ursula Finn 1,297 6.34
NewLabour Harold Love 1,059 5.17
Social Credit Bob Warren 325 1.58
Democrats Milan Radich 61 0.29
Majority 1,886 9.22 -18.06
Turnout 20,450 84.68 -3.24
Registered electors 24,148

1987 election edit

1987 general election: St Kilda[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael Cullen 12,568 60.25 +6.07
National Lyndon Weggery 6,876 32.96
Democrats Ron Coles 1,172 5.61 -0.04
Wizard Party E J Thomas 242 1.16
Majority 5,692 27.28 +18.40
Turnout 20,858 87.92 -5.07
Registered electors 23,723

1984 election edit

1984 general election: St Kilda[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael Cullen 11,643 54.18 +4.25
National Stuart Clark 6,049 28.15 -4.62
NZ Party John M. Hayes 2,428 11.30
Social Credit Ron Coles 1,215 5.65 -11.64
Independent D W Morrison 151 0.70
Majority 5,594 26.03 +8.88
Turnout 21,486 92.99 +2.12
Registered electors 23,105

1981 election edit

1981 general election: St Kilda[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael Cullen 10,419 49.93
National Stuart Clark 6,840 32.77
Social Credit Ron Coles 3,608 17.29
Majority 3,579 17.15
Turnout 20,867 90.87 +17.11
Registered electors 22,963

1978 election edit

1978 general election: St Kilda[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Fraser 10,064 49.02 +0.90
National Graeme Laing 7,105 34.60
Social Credit Joy Clapham 2,638 12.85
Values Norman Mearns 698 3.40
Socialist Unity Rodger Smitheram 24 0.11
Majority 2,959 14.41 +5.00
Turnout 20,529 73.77 -11.93
Registered electors 27,825

1975 election edit

1975 general election: St Kilda[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Fraser 9,663 48.12 -11.66
National Gordon Heslop 7,773 38.71
Social Credit Joy Clapham 1,414 7.04
Values Trevor Reeves 1,227 6.11
Majority 1,890 9.41 -21.04
Turnout 20,077 85.70 -11.84
Registered electors 23,426

1972 election edit

1972 general election: St Kilda[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Fraser 11,022 59.78 +3.01
National Charles Kirby 5,407 29.32
Social Credit John Burgoyne Tavener 1,069 5.79
Values Aynsley Kellow 804 4.36
New Democratic John Robert Lumsden 103 0.55
Independent Harold Smith 31 0.16
Majority 5,615 30.45 +8.40
Turnout 18,436 97.54 +7.42
Registered electors 18,900

1969 election edit

1969 general election: St Kilda[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Fraser 9,769 56.77 +4.14
National Lloyd George Anderson 5,974 34.71
Social Credit D J W Sheppard 1,355 7.87
Independent J C M McPhee 109 0.63
Majority 3,795 22.05 +5.04
Turnout 17,207 90.12 +1.31
Registered electors 19,093

1966 election edit

1966 general election: St Kilda[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Fraser 8,691 52.63 -1.17
National R M Hall 5,882 35.62
Social Credit G M Chapman 1,938 11.73
Majority 2,809 17.01 +1.75
Turnout 16,511 88.81 -2.41
Registered electors 18,590

1963 election edit

1963 general election: St Kilda[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Fraser 9,152 53.80 +4.87
National Kevin John Marlow 6,555 38.54
Social Credit Alexander John Lumsden 1,301 7.64
Majority 2,597 15.26 +9.93
Turnout 17,008 91.22 -1.35
Registered electors 18,644

1960 election edit

1960 general election: St Kilda[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Fraser 7,662 48.93 -1.47
National Jim Barnes 6,827 43.60 -1.85
Social Credit T A Greenwood 1,169 7.46
Majority 835 5.33 +0.39
Turnout 15,658 92.57 -1.93
Registered electors 16,914

1957 election edit

1957 general election: St Kilda[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Fraser 8,058 50.40
National Jim Barnes 7,267 45.45 +4.56
Social Credit S G Ernslie 509 3.18
Independent Fred Poole 153 0.95
Majority 791 4.94
Turnout 15,987 94.50 +1.12
Registered electors 16,916

1954 election edit

1954 general election: St Kilda[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Jim Barnes 5,679 40.89 -10.89
Labour Fred Jones 5,565 40.07 -8.74
Social Credit B Murray 2,642 19.02
Majority 114 0.82 -1.54
Turnout 13,886 93.38 +1.00
Registered electors 14,869

1951 election edit

1951 general election: St Kilda[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Jim Barnes 7,279 51.18
Labour Fred Jones 6,943 48.81 -2.34
Majority 336 2.36 -0.05
Turnout 14,222 92.38 -2.37
Registered electors 15,394

1949 election edit

1949 general election: St Kilda[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Fred Jones 7,310 51.15 -3.29
National Gerald Lyon 6,979 48.84
Majority 331 2.31 -6.55
Turnout 14,289 94.75 +0.25
Registered electors 15,080

1946 election edit

1946 general election: St Kilda[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Fred Jones 7,662 54.44
National Leonard James Tobin Ireland 6,414 45.56
Majority 1,248 8.86
Turnout 14,076 95.00
Registered electors 14,816

Notes edit

  1. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 91–96.
  2. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 97.
  3. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 93–97.
  4. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 94–127.
  5. ^ Note that the source was printed in 1989; the situation may or may not have been different following subsequent electoral redistributions.
  6. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 271.
  7. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 209.
  8. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993. p. 103.
  9. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. p. 107.
  10. ^ a b c d e f Norton 1988, p. 345.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g Norton 1988, p. 344.
  12. ^ "The General Election, 1949". National Library. 1950. pp. 1–5, 8. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  13. ^ "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.

References edit

  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
  • Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.