Club Sporting Cristal S.A. is a Peruvian sports club located in the city of Lima, best known for its football team. It was founded on 13 December 1955 in the Rímac district by engineer Richard Bentín Mujica and his wife Esther Grande de Bentín, stockholders of the Peruvian brewery Backus and Johnston.[2][3] The club and the brewery have been closely linked since its inception, and it is for this reason that it is popularly known as los Cerveceros ("the brewers").

Sporting Cristal
Full nameClub Sporting Cristal [1]
Nickname(s)Los Cerveceros
Los Rimenses
Los Celestes
La Fuerza Vencedora
La Máquina Celeste
Founded13 December 1955; 68 years ago (1955-12-13)
GroundEstadio Alberto Gallardo
Capacity11,600
OwnerInnova Sports
PresidentJoel Raffo
ManagerGuillermo Farré
LeagueLiga 1
2023Liga 1, 3rd of 19
Websitehttp://www.clubsportingcristal.pe

The team has played in the Primera División since 1956, where it obtained the title that year. Due to this achievement, Cristal is often referred to as "El club que nació campeón".[4] Since their first participation, they have won the league title 19 times and are one of the few teams in Peru to have never been relegated from the top division. Sporting Cristal is also the first Peruvian team to have been crowned tricampeóns, successively winning the 1994, 1995, and 1996 seasons.[5][6] In 1997, they were runners-up of the Copa Libertadores, losing the final to Brazilian side Cruzeiro. Cristal holds the longest undefeated streak in the tournament; 17 games without suffering a loss.[7]

Cristal has a heated rivalry with Club Universitario de Deportes. One of the main reasons for the enmity between the two sides is the series of transfers of Universitario's star players to los Celestes. The club also has rivalries with Alianza Lima, Deportivo Municipal, and Sport Boys.

Sporting Cristal plays its home games at the Estadio Alberto Gallardo. They play at the Estadio Nacional for international competitions such as the Libertadores or Sudamericana. The Estadio Nacional is also the venue for matches against Universitario and Alianza Lima.

In addition to football, the club has teams specializing in Esports, futsal, women's football, and volleyball.[8][9]

History

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Ricardo Bentín Mujica, with the support of his wife, co-owners of Backus and Johnston brewery, was the man who is credited with achieving the company's goal. A club from Rímac ward, known as Sporting Tabaco founded in 1926 and originally belonging to the tobacco growers' union, was already playing in the professional Peruvian First Division. Never having won a national championship, the club was in dire economic straits. Bentín decided to buy the club and search for a playing ground, so that the club could develop and be able to play better at the professional level. The club found a lot in the neighborhood of La Florida of 137,000 m2.

 
Sporting Tabaco
1926–1955

On December 13, 1955 the club was founded as Sporting Cristal , after Backus' best-known beer brand, Cristal. The new club from the Rímac ward debuted in 1956 in the professional Primera Division and won their first national title that same year. Journalists thus called them the club born a champion (nació campeon). The team managed to win more titles over the years and was known as one of the best football clubs in Peru after Universitario and Alianza Lima.

Even before its foundation, the Sporting Cristal Backus project had more than one opponent: articles from the time point out how certain sports journalists and football clubs viewed with displeasure that a team was financed by a private company. Even the Peruvian Football Federation itself put legal obstacles in the way of the team before and after its merger; until March 1956 the FPF did not authorize Cristal's participation in that year's championship, arguing from the prohibition of advertising in the clubs to the fact that they should have names of national heroes, places or institutions of the country. Various legal outlets were used for the impositions of the Federation, however, the controversy did not end until 1968,when the word "Backus" was finally removed from the club's name.

As a champion of Peru in 1956, Cristal was invited to tour various parts of the world, this being the first tour made by a champion team of Peru. The series of matches began in the United States, continued through several Asian cities such as Kuala Lumpur, Malacca City and Tehran, and culminated in Spain. There were a total of 30 matches played over two months, of which 20 were won, 7 were drawn and there were only 3 defeats. The star of this tour was Alberto Gallardo, who scored 37 goals. The club shook up the market again when they signed the legendary Brazilian player, Didí in 1962, a world-famous footballer who had just won the 1962 World Cup title with his national team. Didí arrived to be the team's coach and implemented the attacking and possession style of play characteristic of Brazil's football. The Brazilian formed an eye-catching team that used to provide a show, however, he had to settle only for the runners-up in 1962 and 1963.

After retiring from football, Didí returned to take over the technical direction of the club for 1967, again obtaining the runner-up position that year. The revenge came the following season, in which Sporting Cristal obtained the highest score along with the Juan Aurich club, due to this the champion of the Descentralizado 1968 had to be defined in an extra match in which the brewers were victorious 2-1 thanks to two goals by Alberto Gallardo. In addition to its local titles, the young institution gained prestige for its international performances. During the 1962 edition until the 1969 edition of the Copa Libertadores, Sporting Cristal went on a 17-game undefeated streak,[10] the longest unbeaten streak in the Copa Libertadores history, winning 8 games, and drawing 9.

The following years would bring new titles, the first of them in 1970, under the technical direction of the Argentine Vito Andrés Bártoli, in a tournament that was hard fought with Universitario de Deportes and that was defined in the Final Liguilla of the tournament. In this last stage, Cristal had the best performance and the highest accumulated score, thus winning a new title. Their last match was against Juan Aurich, defeating them 4-2.Of the 32 games played that year, the team won 18, drew 9 and lost 5.

Sporting Cristal changed its shirt color from blue to light blue. They are known as "Los Celestes". During a brief period between 1978 and 1981, they again used blue shirts. In 1982 they returned to light blue as the color of the club.

The 1990s were the most successful decade as they claimed 4 national titles (including 3 in a row) with coach Juan Carlos Oblitas. Under Oblitas, Cristal won 1991, 1994 and 1995 domestic league. Then, guided by Sergio Markarián head coach they won 1996 league. By 1997, the team, led by Uruguayan coach Sergio Markarián, reached the finals of the Copa Libertadores, where they faced the Brazilian club Cruzeiro. The first leg was a home game, in which they ended in a scoreless draw; in the second leg, they lost 1–0. This is the closest Team Peru has come to the Copa Libertadores Final since 1972, when Universitario had a similar fate playing against Independiente.

The club stayed on the top spots of the national tournament during most of the 2000s and gained qualification to the Copa Libertadores eight years in a row from 2000 to 2007. It would only win two titles during the decade which were obtain in 2002 and 2005 with many notable players as Sergio Leal, Jorge Soto and Luis Alberto Bonnet. However, during the 2007, Cristal would come four points away from relegation. It would make a comeback during the 2008 season and qualify to the Copa Libertadores once again.

 
Cristal celebrating their victory in 2012

In 2009, the Primera División Peruana would change the tournament structured which caused Sporting Cristal to have mediocre results for the next few years into the new decade. After a seven-year dry spell it would become the national champion once more during the 2012 season when it defeated Real Garcilaso in the finals. They qualified to the 2013 Copa Libertadores where they did not pass the tournament's group stage. In the 2013 season, they played on the same liguilla as Real Garcilaso and fought for a place in the final up to the last match of the season in which they finished third and qualified for the 2014 Copa Libertadores once more.

In the 2018 season, they conquered another historical feat, they became the best Team Peru in the Historic Table during the Professional Era (1966 - 2018). As of 2018, they surpassed Universitario for the first spot, 3264 points to Universitario's 3236 points.[11]

In the 2020 season, after a bad start in Liga 1 and Copa Libertadores, the club announced the departure of coach Manuel Barreto, days later Roberto Mosquera returned as technical director after 7 years.[12][13] Sporting Cristal was unable to play in Phase 3 of the 2020 Copa Libertadores, as they lost 4-0 to Barcelona S.C., but won 2-1 in Lima, as an aggregate result of 5-2 against them. On March 12, the Torneo Apertura was stopped due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru. When the competition returned, the team finished in third place. In the Clausura Tournament they won group A and qualified for the definition against Ayacucho FC, they would be defeated by the foxes in the penalty kicks. Cristal, for being first in the accumulated table, would also play the semifinal with Ayacucho, in the first match they would win 2-1 and in the second they would win again with a resounding 4-1 qualifying for the national final. Sporting Cristal would achieve its twentieth title by beating Universitario in an aggregate of 3-2 in the final.

Stadium

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Estadio Alberto Gallardo

Sporting Cristal plays its matches at home at Estadio Alberto Gallardo, owned by the Peruvian Sports Institute and with the right to use it by the club until 2022.The sports venue is located in the district of San Martín de Porres in Lima; in addition, it is located on the banks of the Rimac River, one of the longest rivers in Peru. The stadium was officially inaugurated on June 9, 1961, with the name of "Estadio Fray Martín de Porres". On May 19, 2012, the former "Estadio San Martín de Porres" was officially renamed "Estadio Alberto Gallardo", in honor of former footballer Alberto Gallardo who was a champion with Sporting Cristal as a footballer and as a coach. On certain occasions, the club plays at the Estadio Nacional del Perú.

Rivalries

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Sporting Cristal has had longstanding rivalries with Universitario, and Alianza Lima, as these teams are considered the big three of Peruvian football. The matches played between them are called classics and are usually the most attractive of tournaments. Cristal also has rivalries with Deportivo Municipal and Sport Boys, both located in Callao.

Alianza Lima

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Sporting Cristal is characterized by the practice of the colorful game, even stipulating it as a condition in the employment contracts of its coaches. Alianza Lima, in the same way, usually plays an offensive style game, so the matches played between these teams are among the most attractive in the tournament, the matches are usually very even. Both teams have defined championships on several occasions, the first of them was in 1961, when Sporting Cristal beat the Alliance 2-0 and was crowned champion. Highlighting the final of the 2018 Torneo Descentralizado, where Cristal won 1-4 away and 3-0 at home, obtaining a resounding aggregate result of 7-1 in favor of the brewers,being the largest final in the history of Peruvian football. The last national championship played between the two teams was in 2021.

Sporting Cristal got its biggest result against Alianza Lima in 1960, when it beat them 5-0. On the other hand, their biggest defeat occurred in 2004, when they lost 5-0; although the sky-blue team played on that occasion with an alternate team. In 1987, Sporting Cristal got its biggest win ever against Alianza on the road, defeating them 4-0 at the Estadio Alejandro Villanueva.That Alianza Lima squad was known as the foals. In the Copa Libertadores the biggest results were two: In 1995 there was a 3-0 win in favor of the Rimense team,while in 1978 they lost by the score of 4-1.

Universitario

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The match played between Sporting Cristal and Universitario de Deportes is one of the most important rivalries in Peru, both clubs are the ones that won the largest number of titles since the Peruvian Primera División began to be played from 1966, giving 18 titles for Sporting Cristal and 16 for Universitario, this succession of championships made there be a great rivalry between both teams,being sporadically called as the Modern Classic of Peruvian Soccer,although the name was not widespread (before it was associated with the matches between Universitario and Deportivo Municipal).

Supporters

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Cristal has three ultra or barra bravas known as Extremo Celeste, Fverza Oriente Gvardia Xtrema. Fverza Oriente was the first ultra of Cristal, founded in 1975. They are located on eastern grandstand of the stadiums. Extremo Celeste was formed in 1991 when a group of young fans from Fuerza Oriente decided to form a new group for young energetic supporters. Extremo Celeste has become one of the biggest barras bravas in Peru. And in 2007 a smaller third ultra was created in the western grandstand to support the team. Sporting Cristal had supporters on every grandstand on Estadio Alberto Gallardo.

Honours

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Senior titles

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Keys
  •   Record
  • (s) Shared record
Type Competition Titles Runner-up Winning years Runner-up years
National
(League)
Primera División 20 14 1956, 1961, 1968, 1970, 1972, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1988, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 2002, 2005, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020 1962, 1963, 1967, 1973, 1977, 1989, 1992, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2015, 2021
Half-year / Short
tournament

(League)
Torneo Apertura 4 8 1997, 2001, 2006, 2008, 2016, 2019, 2023, 2024
Torneo Clausura 6 5 2000, 2008, 2020, 2021, 2022
Torneo de Verano 1
Liguilla Pre-Libertadores 2 1
Torneo Apertura 1
Torneo Regional 3
Torneo Descentralizado 1
Torneo Interzonal 1
Campeonato de Apertura (ANA) 1 1
1961
National
(Cups)
Copa Bicentenario 1
International
(Cups)
Copa Libertadores 1

Friendlies

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Type Competition Titles Runner-up Winning years Runner-up years
International
(Cup)
Copa El Gráfico-Perú 2 1 1999, 2003 2002–II
Marlboro Cup 1 1988

Under-20 team

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Type Competition Titles Runner-up Winning years Runner-up years
National
(League)
Torneo de Promoción y Reserva 4 1 2016, 2018, 2019, 2023 2017
Half-year / Short
tournament

(League)
Copa Modelo Centenario 1 2016
U-18 Copa Generación 1 2021
Torneo del Inca 1 2014
Torneo Clausura 1 2015
Torneo de Verano 2 2017, 2018

Performance in CONMEBOL competitions

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1962, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1973, 1974, 1978, 1980, 1981, 1984, 1989, 1990, 1992, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025
Runners-up (1): 1997
Quarter-finals (2): 1993, 1995
2018: First Stage
2019: Round of 16
2021: Quarter-finals
2023: KO play-offs
1994: Quarter-finals
1998: First Round
1999: First Round
2000: First Round
2001: First Round
2012: Group Stage
2024: Group Stage

Other sports

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Women’s football

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Type Competition Titles Runner-up Winning years Runner-up years
National
(League)
Liga Femenina 2 1 1998, 1999 1997
International
(Cup)
Campeonato Sudamericano de Fútbol Femenino 1 2000

Women's volleyball

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Type Competition Titles Runner-up Winning years Runner-up years
National
(League)
Liga Nacional Superior de Voleibol 1 2013–14

Players

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Current squad

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As of 2 August 2024.[14]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
1 GK   PER Matías Córdova
2 DF   PER Benjamín Villalta
3 DF   PER Quembol Guadalupe
4 DF   PER Gianfranco Chávez
5 DF   PER Rafael Lutiger
6 MF   PER Jesús Pretell
7 FW   ARG Santiago González
8 MF   URU Leandro Sosa
9 FW   URU Martín Cauteruccio
10 FW   PER Alejandro Hohberg
11 FW   PER Irven Ávila
12 GK   PER Renato Solís
15 DF   PER Jhilmar Lora
16 MF   PER Adrián Beltrán
17 FW   PER Diego Otoya
19 MF   PER Yoshimar Yotún
No. Pos. Nation Player
21 DF   URU Franco Romero
22 MF   PER Gonzalo Aguirre (on loan from Nueva Chicago)
23 FW   PER Maxloren Castro
24 FW   PER Fernando Pacheco
25 MF   PER Martín Távara
26 MF   PER Ian Wisdom
27 MF   PER Adrián Ascues
28 DF   ARG Nicolás Pasquini
29 DF   PER Alejandro Pósito
30 MF   PER Jostin Alarcón
31 GK   PER Diego Enríquez
32 DF   PER Leonardo Díaz
39 FW   PER Luis Iberico
55 MF   BRA Gustavo Cazonatti (on loan from Tombense)

Out on loan

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Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
GK   PER Alejandro Duarte (at Alajuelense)
DF   PER Rafael Lutiger (at Sport Boys)
FW   PER Adrián Ugarriza (at Deportivo Garcilaso)
DF   PER Flavio Alcedo (at Sport Boys)
No. Pos. Nation Player
DF   PER Gilmar Paredes (at Cienciano)
MF   PER Aldair Vásquez (at Atlético Grau)
FW   PER Marlon Perea (at Comerciantes FC)

Presidential history

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Name Years
Blas Loredo Bascones 1956–59
Alfonso Raul Villegas 1960–63
Augusto Moral Santisteban 1964
Cesar Freundt 1965
Augusto Galvez Velarde 1966–71
Josue Grande Fernandez 1972–79
Jaime Noriega Zegarra 1980–88
Federico Cúneo de La Pierda 1989–93
 
Name Years
Francisco Lombardi Oyarzub 1994–95
Alfonso Grados Carraro 1996–99
Francisco Lombardi Oyarzub 2000–01
Jaime Noriega Bentin 2002–04
François Mujica Serelle 2005–10
Felipe Cantuarias Salaverry 2011–14
Federico Cúneo de La Pierda 2014–2018
Carlos Benavides 2019
Cristian Emmerich 2019–

Records

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Year-by-year

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This is a partial list of the last five seasons completed by Sporting Cristal. For the full season-by-season history, see: List of Sporting Cristal seasons.

Season League Position National Cups Continental / Other Tournament Top goalscorer(s)
Competition Pld W D L GF GA Pts Pos Play-offs[a] Name(s) Goals
2016 Torneo Descentralizado 44 21 12 11 70 48 77 [b] 1st 1st Copa Libertadores GS
2017 Torneo de Verano 14 6 4 4 27 16 22 3rd DNQ Copa Libertadores GS   Irven Ávila 22
Torneo Apertura 15 6 5 4 22 20 23 7th
Torneo Clausura 15 5 3 7 27 24 19 [c] 9th
2018 Torneo de Verano 14 10 3 1 42 15 33 1st 1st [d] DNQ Copa Sudamericana R1   Emanuel Herrera 40
Torneo Apertura 15 9 5 1 27 7 32 1st 1st
Torneo Clausura 15 7 3 5 37 14 24 5th
2019 Torneo Apertura 17 9 5 3 28 13 32 2nd 3rd Copa Bicentenario QF Copa Libertadores
Copa Sudamericana
GS
Ro16
  Cristian Palacios 13
Torneo Clausura 17 9 4 4 31 20 31 3rd
2020 Torneo Apertura 19 9 6 4 38 23 33 3rd 1st [e] Copa Bicentenario [f] Copa Libertadores R2   Emanuel Herrera 20
Torneo Clausura 9 7 2 0 20 9 23 2nd[g]

Managerial history

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List of Sporting Cristal managers through club history.[15]

 
Years Nationality Name
1956–58   Luis Tirado[16]
1958–59   César Viccino
1960   Carlos Peucelle
1960   Víctor Pasache
1961–62   Juan Honores
1962   Víctor Pasache
1962–64   Waldir Pereira "Didí"
1964–66   Alberto "Toto" Terry
1966   Yaldo Barbalho
1967–69   Waldir Pereira "Didí"
1969   Víctor Pasache
1969–70   Vito Andrés "Sabino" Bártoli
1971   Rudi Gutendorf
1972–74   Marcos Calderón
1974   Rafael Asca
1974–75   Eloy Campos
1976   Juan Honores
1976   Víctor Pasache
1976–77   Diego Agurto
1977   Alberto Gallardo
1977–78   Roque Máspoli
1978   Alberto Gallardo
1978–79   José Fernández
1979–81   Marcos Calderón
1981–82   Alberto Gallardo
1982–83   César Cubilla
1984   José Chiarella
1985   Alberto Gallardo
1985   José del Castillo
1985–86   Héctor Chumpitaz
1987–88   Miguel Company
1988   Óscar Montalvo
1988–89   Alberto Gallardo
1989–90  
 
Oscar López
Oscar Cavallero
1990   Fernando Mellán
1990   Eugenio Jara
 
Years Nationality Name
1990–92   Juan Carlos Oblitas
1993   José Carlos Amaral
1993–95   Juan Carlos Oblitas
1996   José Luis Carbone
1996   Roberto Mosquera
1996–97   Sergio Markarián
1997–98   Miguel Ángel Arrué
1998   Luis García
1998–99   Franco Navarro
1999   Rodolfo Motta
1999–01   Juan Carlos Oblitas
2001   Horacio Magalhaes
Jan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2002   Paulo Autuori
2003   Renê Weber
2003–04   Wilmar Valencia
2004   Eduardo Asca
2004–05   Edgardo Bauza
May 22, 2005 – Dec 17, 2006   José del Solar
Jan 1, 2007 – May 5, 2007   Jorge Sampaoli
2007   Walter Fiori
July 1, 2007 – Dec 31, 2009   Juan Carlos Oblitas
Jan 1, 2010 – Dec 9, 2010   Víctor Rivera
Dec 21, 2010 – April 19, 2011   Guillermo Rivarola
April 20, 2011 – Nov 23, 2011   Juan Reynoso
Nov 23, 2011 – Dec 31, 2011   Francisco Melgar
Jan 1, 2012 – Aug 7, 2013   Roberto Mosquera
Aug 7, 2013 – Aug 18, 2013   Francisco Melgar (int.)
Aug 18, 2013 – Dec 19, 2013   Claudio Vivas
Jan 1, 2014–15   Daniel Ahmed
Jan 4, 2016 – Dec 19, 2016   Mariano Soso
Jan 4, 2017 – Jun 25, 2017   José del Solar
Jun 25, 2017 – Dic 3, 2017   Pablo Zegarra
Jan 4, 2018 – Dic 18, 2018   Mario Salas
Jan 7, 2019 – Feb 5, 2019   Alexis Mendoza
Feb 8, 2019 – Sep 10, 2019   Claudio Vivas[17][18]
Feb 8, 2019 – Sep 10, 2019   Manuel Barreto[19][20]
Feb 23, 2020 – Nov 08, 2022   Roberto Mosquera[21][22]
Nov 09, 2022 –   Tiago Nunes[23]

Notes

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  1. ^ Since 1966, play-off games have been used as a tie breaker between teams tie on points for promotion or relegation or as a post-season stage to decide the national championship. Whenever they have occurred, the club's position on that stage is shown in this column.
  2. ^ Sporting Cristal were awarded 2 point for 2016 Torneo de Promoción y Reserva success.
  3. ^ Sporting Cristal were awarded 1 point for 2017 Torneo de Promoción y Reserva success.
  4. ^ Sporting Cristal defeated Sport Huancayo in the Torneo de Verano finals.
  5. ^ Sporting Cristal defeated Universitario in the play-off finals.
  6. ^ The Copa Bicentenario was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
  7. ^ Sporting Cristal lost the Clausura playoff to Ayacucho.


References

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  1. ^ "Club Sporting Cristal S.A conocida como Club Sporting Cristal con RUC 20510014279 en RIMAC".
  2. ^ "La grandeza de la Familia Bentín" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 January 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  3. ^ "Pasión 'Cervecera': Sepa cómo se fundó el Sporting Cristal" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 24 December 2011. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  4. ^ "El club que nació campeón" (in Spanish). FIFA. 23 May 2012. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  5. ^ "Sporting Cristal superó en títulos a Universitario en torneos Descentralizados" (in Spanish). La República. 16 December 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  6. ^ José Luis Pierrend, Carlos Manuel Nieto Tarazona (2013). rsssf.org (ed.). "Peru - List of final tables". Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  7. ^ José Luis Pierrend (2007). ElArea.com (ed.). "Libertadores: Curiosidades y datos accesorios". Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  8. ^ internetsceleste.com, ed. (1998). "Equipo Femenino de Fútbol del Sporting Cristal". Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  9. ^ elcristalconquetemiro.com, ed. (2013). "2013: Los Balances. Parte VI: Voley". Archived from the original on 27 April 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  10. ^ Canales, Jostein. "Conmebol rememoró el histórico récord que ostenta Sporting Cristal en la Libertadores". www.msn.com/. La Republica. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  11. ^ "Tabla Acumulada 1966-2018". www.dechalaca.com. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  12. ^ Lerner, Dan. "Roberto Mosquera es el nuevo técnico de Sporting Cristal". Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  13. ^ "¡Oficial! Roberto Mosquera es el nuevo técnico de Sporting Cristal tras la salida de Manuel Barreto". Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  14. ^ "PLANTEL PROFESIONAL". Club Sporting Cristal. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  15. ^ "Sporting Cristal". Sporting Cristal. Retrieved Aug 29, 2019.
  16. ^ Tassara, Carlos. "Luis Tirado: De raza sureña". Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  17. ^ ""Claudio Vivas vuelve a casa": Sporting Cristal fichó al técnico argentino por dos temporadas". RPP. Feb 9, 2019.
  18. ^ "Claudio Vivas: Sporting Cristal anunció la salida del técnico argentino". El Bocón. Sep 10, 2019.
  19. ^ "Manuel Barreto fue presentado oficialmente como nuevo director técnico de Sporting Cristal". RPP. Sep 12, 2019.
  20. ^ "Sporting Cristal anuncia el despido de Manuel Barreto". AS Perú. Feb 20, 2020.
  21. ^ "Sporting Cristal confirma a Roberto Mosquera como DT". Andina. Retrieved Feb 17, 2020.
  22. ^ "Roberto Mosquera deja el Sporting Cristal tras perder la semifinal en Perú". Swissinfo.ch. Retrieved Nov 8, 2022.
  23. ^ "Tiago Nunes es el nuevo director técnico de Sporting Cristal para el 2023". Líbero. Retrieved Nov 9, 2022.
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