Secular Progressive Alliance formerly known as Democratic Progressive Alliance is an alliance of Indian political parties formed by the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK).
Secular Progressive Alliance | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | SPA |
| Chairperson | |
| Founder | M. Karunanidhi |
| Founded | April 2006 |
| Ideology | Big tent Factions: Social democracy[1] Secularism[2] Communism[3] Marxism[4] |
| Political position | Centre-left to left-wing |
| Alliance | INDIA (National) |
| Seats in Lok Sabha | 39 / 40 |
| Seats in Rajya Sabha | 12 / 19 |
| Seats in State Legislative Assemblies | 157 / 234
(Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly) 8 / 33 (Puducherry Legislative Assembly) |
| Number of states and union territories in government | 1 / 31 |
History edit
The alliance was known as the Democratic Progressive Alliance 2006–2009 and 2014–2016. It became the Secular Progressive Alliance in 2019.
| Duration | Election year | Allied parties |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Progressive Alliance | ||
| 2006-2009 | 2006 | DMK, INC, PMK, CPI, CPI(M), IUML |
| 2014-2016 | 2014[5] | DMK, VCK, PT, IUML, MMK |
| Secular Progressive Alliance | ||
| 2019-Present | 2019 | DMK, INC, VCK, MDMK, CPI, CPI(M), IUML, MMK, KMDK, TVK |
| 2021 | ||
Members edit
Tamil Nadu edit
Puducherry edit
| Party | Abbr. | Ideology | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | DMK | Dravidianism | 6 / 30
| |
| Indian National Congress | INC | Social liberalism | 2 / 30
| |
Withdrawals edit
| Political Party | State | Date | Reason for Withdrawal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Puratchi Bharatham Katchi | Tamil Nadu | 2011 | Seat Share problem in 2011 Tamil Nadu Assembly election | |
| Pattali Makkal Katchi | Tamil Nadu | 2014 | Allied with NDA | |
| Social Democratic Party of India | Tamil Nadu | 2015 | Declared to Withdraw from DMK | |
| Kongunadu Munnetra Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu | 2019 | Allied with AIADMK | |
| Puthiya Tamilagam | Tamil Nadu | 2019 | Allied with ADMK | |
| Perunthalaivar Makkal Katchi | Tamil Nadu | 2019 | Allied with AIADMK | |
| Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi | 2021 | Allied with Makkal Needhi Maiyam | ||
| All India Forward Bloc | Tamil Nadu | 2024 | Allied with AIADMK | |
| Indian National League | Tamil Nadu | 2024 | Allied with AIADMK | |
The Left parties defected to the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)-led front in 2009 after it withdrew support to the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance coalition in the Centre.
The Pattali Makkal Katchi withdrew support in 2008 over differences with the DMK but it still remained in the Congress-led UPA in the Centre. But after differences of seat sharing before the 15th Lok Sabha, it withdrew support to the UPA also and crossed over to the AIADMK-led front.
The Manithaneya Makkal Katchi was formed in 2009 by the Tamil Nadu Muslim Munnetra Kazagham and immediately joined the DPA. But before the Lok Sabha elections, its demand for two Lok Sabha seats and one Rajya Sabha seat was turned down by the DMK who offered them a lone Lok Sabha seat. The MMK withdrew from the DPA and as of now tied up with small parties like actor Sarath Kumar-led Akila Indiya Samathuva Makkal Katchi, the Puthiya Tamilzhagam and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
Governments edit
- Fifth Karunanidhi ministry (2006 - 2011)
- Narayanasamy ministry (2016 - 2021)
- M. K. Stalin ministry (2021- incumbent)
See also edit
Notes edit
References edit
- ^ "Dravida Munnetra Kazgham (DMK)". Business Standard India. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
- ^ Soper, J. Christopher; Fetzer, Joel S. (2018). Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 200–210. ISBN 978-1-107-18943-0.
- ^ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-199-97489-4.
- ^ "Party constitution". India: All India Forward Bloc. 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
- ^ "DMK-led Democratic Progressive Alliance to mobilise people under 'secular front'". The Economic Times. 5 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2021.