Rockwall, Texas
Rockwall is a city in Rockwall County, Texas, United States, which is part of the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. It is the county seat of Rockwall County.[5] The population was 37,490 at the 2010 census. The name Rockwall is derived from a naturally jointed geological formation, which has the appearance of an artificial wall.[6][7]
Rockwall, Texas | |
|---|---|
| City of Rockwall | |
.jpg) Rusk Street in Rockwall | |
 Location of Rockwall in Rockwall County, Texas | |
| Coordinates: 32°55′52″N 96°27′35″W / 32.93111°N 96.45972°WCoordinates: 32°55′52″N 96°27′35″W / 32.93111°N 96.45972°W[1] | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Texas |
| County | Rockwall |
| Government | |
| • Type | Council-Manager |
| • City Council | Mayor: Jim Pruitt Mayor Pro Tem Kevin Fowler John Hohenshelt Dana Macalik Bennie Daniels Trace Johannesen Patrick Trowbridge |
| • City Manager | Rick Crowley |
| Area | |
| • Total | 22.6 sq mi (58.7 km2) |
| • Land | 22.3 sq mi (57.7 km2) |
| • Water | 0.4 sq mi (1.0 km2) 1.63% |
| Elevation | 591 ft (180 m) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 37,490 |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 45,112 |
| • Density | 1,700/sq mi (640/km2) |
| Demonym(s) | Rockwallian, Rockwallite |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP codes | 75032, 75087 |
| Area code(s) | 972 214 |
| FIPS code | 48-62828[4] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1345424[1] |
| Website | www |
Contents
HistoryEdit
The association of Paleo-Indian artifacts with extinct Pleistocene mammal remains in various archeological sites within in the Texas Prairie-Savannah Region of eastern North Central Texas, including a site in Collin County and Clovis points recovered from the Brushy Creek Clovis Site in Hunt County, demonstrates that Rockwall region was occupied by prehistoric Native American cultures at least as far back as 13,500 to 13,000 years ago.[8][9][10] More recently, the Rockwall region was occupied by Caddo Indians. Creek Indians moved to the area in the early 19th century.
In 1851, as the first Anglo-American settlers moved to the area, they started to dig wells. During the digging, they found large underground rock walls that were initially believed to be manmade. Later study of the wall-like features by geologists and archaeologists found them to be jointed, natural sandstone dikes that had intruded Cretaceous marl.[6][7] In 2013, forensic geologist, Scott Wolter, on the television show America Unearthed, visited Rockwall to investigate the claims that the wall might have been manmade, and the conclusion of the episode was that the underground structure was natural and not man-made.[11]
The town was established April 17, 1854 and named after these natural rock walls. While originally part of Kaufman County, in 1873, Rockwall County was formed with Rockwall being the county seat.
GeographyEdit
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 31.6 square miles (82 km2), of which, 22.3 square miles (58 km2) of it is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km2) of it (1.63%) is water.
Rockwall is on the east shore of Lake Ray Hubbard about 20 miles northeast of Dallas. It is on state highways 205 and 66, north of Interstate 30.[12]
ClimateEdit
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Rockwall has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[13]
DemographicsEdit
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 215 | — | |
| 1890 | 843 | 292.1% | |
| 1900 | 1,245 | 47.7% | |
| 1910 | 1,136 | −8.8% | |
| 1920 | 1,388 | 22.2% | |
| 1930 | 1,074 | −22.6% | |
| 1940 | 1,318 | 22.7% | |
| 1950 | 1,501 | 13.9% | |
| 1960 | 2,166 | 44.3% | |
| 1970 | 3,121 | 44.1% | |
| 1980 | 5,939 | 90.3% | |
| 1990 | 10,486 | 76.6% | |
| 2000 | 17,976 | 71.4% | |
| 2010 | 37,490 | 108.6% | |
| Est. 2018 | 45,112 | [3] | 20.3% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[14] | |||
As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 17,976 people, 6,605 households, and 5,158 families residing in the city. The population density was 806.9 people per square mile (311.5/km²). There were 7,089 housing units at an average density of 318.2 per square mile (122.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 91.35% White, 3.00% African American, 0.38% Native American, 1.39% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 2.57% from other races, and 1.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.44% of the population.
There were 6,605 households out of which 39.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.8% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.9% were non-families. 18.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.06.
In the city, the population was spread out with 27.5% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $65,411, and the median income for a family was $75,121. Males had a median income of $55,370 versus $35,139 for females. The per capita income for the city was $29,843. About 3.2% of families and 3.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.6% of those under age 18 and 3.0% of those age 65 or over.
Though Rockwall County is the smallest county in Texas, it is also one of the top five fastest-growing counties in the United States. As of the 2006 census by the North Texas Central Council of Governments, the city had a population of 29,500. In 2006, Rockwall County was the fastest-growing county in the United States by population.
EconomyEdit
According to the City's 2014 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[15] the top employers in the city are:
| # | Employer | # of Employees |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rockwall Independent School District | 1,556 |
| 2 | Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Rockwall | 592 |
| 3 | Wal-Mart Superstore | 492 |
| 4 | Rockwall County | 299 |
| 5 | Texas Star Express | 275 |
| 6 | City of Rockwall | 262 |
| 7 | Hilton Bella Harbor | 250 |
| 8 | Costco | 250 |
| 9 | Special Products and Manufacturing | 205 |
| 10 | Target Corporation | 200 |
GovernmentEdit
Local governmentEdit
According to the city’s most recent Comprehensive Annual Financial Report Fund Financial Statements, the city’s various funds had $39.0 million in Revenues, $42.2 million in expenditures, $32.3 million in total assets, $3.6 million in total liabilities, and $25.9 million in investments.[16]
The structure of the management and coordination of city services is:[17]
| Department | Director |
|---|---|
| City Manager | Rick Crowley |
| Assistant City Manager | Mary Smith |
| Assistant City Manager | Brad Griggs |
| Director of Administrative Services | Cheryl Dunlop |
| Chief of Police | Kirk Riggs |
| Fire Chief | Mark Poindexter |
| Director of Community Development | Ryan Miller |
The city of Rockwall is a voluntary member of the North Central Texas Council of Governments association, the purpose of which is to coordinate individual and collective local governments and facilitate regional solutions, eliminate unnecessary duplication, and enable joint decisions.
State governmentEdit
Rockwall is represented in the Texas Senate by Republican Bob Hall, District 2,[18] and in the Texas House of Representatives by Republican Justin Holland, District 33.[19]
Federal governmentEdit
At the Federal level, the two U.S. Senators from Texas are Republicans John Cornyn and Ted Cruz; Rockwall is part of Texas' US Congressional 4th District, which is currently represented by Republican John Ratcliffe.
EducationEdit
Public schoolsEdit
The city is served by the Rockwall Independent School District. There are two public high schools in Rockwall: Rockwall High School and Rockwall-Heath High School. There are eleven elementary schools, two middle schools, and two high schools in Rockwall.
Higher educationEdit
The city is home to the Higher Education Center at Rockwall, which is part of the community college district, Collin College. The campus is the District's first campus outside of Collin County itself. Texas A&M University-Commerce holds classes at the Center. Texas A&M University-Commerce also has a campus located at the Rockwall Technology Park.
TransportationEdit
Rockwall is served by the following highways that run through the city:
Interstate 30
U.S. Highway 67 (runs concurrent with Interstate 30)
State Highway 66
State Highway 205
State Highway 276
Farm to Market 552
Farm to Market 740
Ralph M. Hall/Rockwall Municipal Airport is located two miles east of the city and is used mostly by small general aviation aircraft.
SportsEdit
Rockwall offers many different sports complexes as well as activities. Airport road boasts baseball fields, as well as the Landing Point complex containing the Texas International Fencing Center, zipline and dance facilities. The Rockwall Indoor Sports Expo is located on South 205. Lake Ray Hubbard has several boating marinas and is used for jet skiing.
Rockwall also offers 22 different Golf Courses [1] within 17 miles of the center of Rockwall.
Notable peopleEdit
- Amar Sandhu, first American-born Punjabi singer
- Amber Carrington, semi-finalist of The Voice (U.S. season 4)
- Allie Gonino, singer, actress, and violinist who played Laurel Mercer in The Lying Game
- Jason Castro, top 12 contestant on American Idol (season 7)
- Joe Driver, Texas State Representative from 1993 to 2013
- Cliff Harris, professional football safety who played for the Dallas Cowboys[20]
- Alex Jones, conservative radio show host and conspiracy theorist who grew up in Rockwall during the 1980s and early 1990s. In 2018, Jones claimed Rockwall High School cheerleaders tried to lure him into Satanism.
- Mason Musso, lead singer and guitarist in Metro Station
- Mitchel Musso, actor most notable for portraying character Oliver Oken in Hannah Montana
- Larry Lea, former televangelist whose ministry was based in Rockwall during the 1980s and early 1990s
- Marina Oswald Porter, widow of Lee Harvey Oswald
- Andy Tanner, former wide receiver for the New Orleans Saints
ReferencesEdit
- ^ a b c "Rockwall". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ^ "State and County Quick Facts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
- ^ a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved July 22, 2019.
- ^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ a b Monroe, J.N., 1950, Origin of the clastic dikes in the Rockwall area, Texas. Field and Laboratory. v. 18, no. 4, pp. 133-143.
- ^ a b Ellwood, B.B., J. Payne, and G.J. Long, 1989, The Rockwall, Texas: A study of unusual natural magnetic effects in geoarcheological surveys produced by mineral oxidation. Geoarchaeology. v. 4, no. 2, pp. 103-118.
- ^ Crook, W.W. III, M.D. Hughston and J.L. McCraw, 2009, The Brushy Creek Clovis Site (41HU74): An Early Paleoindian Occupation in Hunt County, Texas. The Record, Dallas Archeological Society 56(1):1-18.
- ^ Crook, W. W., III, 2011, A Possible Association of Worked Flakes with Probosidian Bones near Lake Lavon, Collin County, Texas. Archeological Journal of the Texas Prairie-Savannah 1(1):4-8.
- ^ Ferring, C.R., 2000, The Archeology and Paleoecology of the Aubrey Clovis Site (41DN79) Denton County, Texas. Center for Environmental Archeology, Department of Geography, University of North Texas, Denton.
- ^ "Great Wall of Texas". America Unearthed. Season 2. Episode 3. December 14, 2013. A&E Television Networks. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ^ Rockwall, Texas, 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle, USGS, 1963 (1973 rev)
- ^ Climate Summary for Rockwall, Texas
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
- ^ "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report" (PDF). September 30, 2014. p. 132. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
- ^ City of Rockwall 2009 CAFR Archived 2011-07-15 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 2010-11-17
- ^ "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report" (PDF). September 30, 2012. p. 19. Retrieved June 3, 2013.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Senator Bob Hall: District 2". Archived from the original on March 12, 2015. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
- ^ "Texas House Member". Retrieved April 24, 2015.
- ^ Cliff Harris Football All-time Great & Author Retrieved 2018-04-16.