Richard Raymond-Barker, MC (6 May 1894 – 20 April 1918) was a British aviator and flying ace, credited with six aerial victories in the First World War. He was Manfred von Richthofen's penultimate victim.[1]
Richard Raymond-Barker | |
|---|---|
| Nickname(s) | Dick |
| Born | 6 May 1894 Forest Gate, Essex (now in London), England |
| Died | 20 April 1918 (aged 23) Near Beaumont-Hamel, France |
| Commemorated at | |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/ | British Army Royal Air Force |
| Years of service | 1914–1918 |
| Rank | Major |
| Unit | No. 6 Squadron RFC No. 11 Squadron RFC No. 16 Squadron RFC No. 48 Squadron RFC |
| Commands held | No. 3 Squadron RAF |
| Battles/wars | First World War |
| Awards | Military Cross |
Family background and education edit
Richard Raymond-Barker was the third son, one of nine children, born to Edward Raymond-Barker and his wife Rose Mary (née Crawford) of Bisley, Gloucestershire.[2][3][4] He was born in Forest Gate, Essex (now in London), lived in Bisley, Gloucestershire,[5] and was educated at Wimbledon College.[6]
Early service edit
Raymond-Barker was commissioned as a second lieutenant on 30 November 1914,[7] serving in the 12th Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers. In mid-1915 he learned to fly at the Hall Flying School at Hendon Aerodrome,[8] and was granted Royal Aero Club Aviators' Certificate No. 1460 on 18 July.[9]
Raymond-Barker transferred to the Royal Flying Corps on 6 August 1915,[10] completing his pilot training, and being appointed a flying officer on 19 October.[11] He was posted to France on 22 November.[10] On 1 April 1916, he was appointed a lieutenant in the RFC,[12] and on 17 June was appointed a flight commander, with the temporary rank of captain.[13] During this time, he served with No. 6 Squadron RFC and No. 16 Squadron RFC, transferring on 29 December 1916.[10]
Victories edit
On 12 May 1917, Raymond-Barker was posted to No. 48 Squadron RFC as a flight commander, flying the Bristol F.2b two-seater heavy fighter. He gained his first victories on 20 May, driving down a pair of Albatros D.IIIs out of control over Brebières. On 26 May he destroyed another D.III, and on 5 June drove down an enemy reconnaissance aircraft near Bullecourt.[1][10] On 1 July 1917, he was promoted to the substantive rank of lieutenant.[14] He scored his final two triumphs soon after, on the 8th (with Sergeant Jack Mason as his observer) and 17th, bringing his total to two Albatros D.IIIs destroyed and four enemy aircraft driven down out of control.[1][10] He was subsequently awarded the Military Cross, which was gazetted on 14 September 1917.[15]
Command and death edit
On 17 September 1917, Raymond-Barker was appointed a squadron commander, with the temporary rank of major.[16] He took command of No. 3 Squadron, flying Sopwith Camels. On 20 April 1918, it ran into a patrol of Fokker Triplanes of the Flying Circus, and Raymond-Barker was shot down and killed by Manfred von Richthofen.[17]
As Richthofen reported it: "With six planes of Jasta 11, I attacked a large enemy squadron. During the fight I observed that a Triplane was attacked and shot at from below by a Camel. I put myself behind the adversary and brought him down, burning, with only a few shots. The enemy plane crashed down near the forest of Hamel where it burned further on the ground."[1]
Three minutes later Richthofen shot down the aircraft of 2nd Lieutenant David Lewis, who survived. These were Richthofen's 79th and 80th aerial victories. The following day he was shot down and killed.[18]
Raymond-Barker's body was never recovered,[1][19] and so he is commemorated at the Arras Flying Services Memorial.[20]
Honours and awards edit
- Military Cross
- 2nd Lieutenant (Temporary Captain) Richard Raymond-Barker, General List and RFC.
- For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty when leading a fighting patrol. He attacked a large hostile formation, destroying two of them. He has also done excellent work in leading distant photographic reconnaissances, notably upon two occasions when his skilful leadership enabled photographs to be taken of all the required hostile area in spite of repeated attacks from enemy aircraft. He has helped to destroy seven hostile machines, and has at all times displayed conspicuous skill and gallantry.[15]
References edit
- Notes
- ^ a b c d e "Richard Raymond-Barker". The Aerodrome. 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ "Personals: Casualties". Flight. X (489): 520. 9 May 1918. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ "Marriages: Raymond-Barker – Crawford". The Tablet: 16. 13 January 1883. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ Hillman, Ian (2010). "Rose Mary Crawford". anatpro.com. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ "Woodchester War Memorial, Gloucestershire" (PDF). Gloucestershire Genealogy. 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ "War Record Biographies". Wimbledon College. 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ "No. 28993". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 December 1914. p. 10273.
- ^ "From The British Flying Grounds". Flight. VII (344): 556. 30 July 1915. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ "Aviators' Certificates". Flight. VII (345): 575. 6 August 1915. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ a b c d e Shores, Franks & Guest (1990), p. 313.
- ^ "No. 29350". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 November 1915. p. 10875.
- ^ "No. 29579". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 May 1916. p. 4812.
- ^ "No. 29651". The London Gazette. 4 July 1916. p. 6602.
- ^ "No. 30467". The London Gazette (Supplement). 8 January 1918. p. 666.
- ^ a b "No. 30287". The London Gazette (Supplement). 14 September 1917. p. 9581.
- ^ "No. 30395". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 November 1917. pp. 12123–12124.
- ^ Shores, Franks & Guest (1990), pp. 313–314.
- ^ "Major Raymond-Barker MC, victim of The Red Baron". Bisley Village History. 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ "The Roll of Honour". Flight. X (491): 563. 23 May 1918. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ "Casualty Details: Raymond-Barker, Richard". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- Bibliography
- Shores, Christopher F.; Franks, Norman & Guest, Russell F. (1990). Above the Trenches: a Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920. London, UK: Grub Street. ISBN 978-0-948817-19-9.