56°50′52″N 13°58′29″E / 56.84783°N 13.97469°E
| Småland Runic Inscription 35 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Created | 11th century |
| Discovered | Ljungby, Kronoberg, Sweden |
| Rundata ID | Sm 35 |
| Runemaster | unknown |
The Replösa Stone (Also Småland Runic Inscription 35, Sm 35, and Ljungby 28:1) is a runestone in Replösa near Ljungby, Sweden.
The stone edit
The stone is made of granite, is 185 centimetres (73 in) tall and 90 centimetres (35 in) wide.[1] The runiform ornament and inscription on the stone's southeastern side have 13–15 centimetres (5.1–5.9 in) high runes. The inscription is from the 11th century.
Inscription edit
Transliteration, and normalization to Old West Norse and Old East Norse:
:
kutraþr
Gautráðr
Gautraðr
:
karþi
gerði
gærði
:
kubl
kuml
kumbl
:
þisi
þessi
þessi
:
iftiʀ
eptir
æftiʀ
:
astraþ
Ástráð,
Astrað,
:
faþur
fǫður
faður
:
sin
sinn,
sinn,
:
þan
þann
þann
:
frita
frænda
frænda
:
ak
ok
ok
:
þih:na
þegna
þegna
:
bistan
beztan,
bæztan,
:
iʀ
er
eʀ
a
á
a
:
fin:iþi
Finnheiði
Finnhæiði
:
forþum
forðum
forðum
:
uf|
of
of
|faʀi
væri.
vaʀi.
:
Gautráðr made these monuments in memory of Ástráðr, his father, the best of kinsmen and Þegns, who formerly was in Finnheiðr. [2]
Interpretation edit
The Danish sounding names Götrad and Åstrad are uncommon. From the Middle Ages only a few persons are known to bear the name Åstrad. The name have also appeared on Danish runestones. The name Götrad does not appear on any other known runestone. Finnveden mentioned on the stone was one of the "countries" that would later be included in the province of Småland. Finnveden is mentioned on three runestones: Sm 35, Sm 52 in Småland, and U 130 in Uppland. The word "thane" (þegna) can be seen in a number of runic inscriptions, but opinions are divided of its meaning. The two main opinions are "free farmer, odalman (Similar to yeomen)" respectively "warrior, member of the king's hird".
The ship setting edit
Just south of the runestone lies Ljungby 29:1, a damaged, but partly restored, ship setting. It is 17 metres (56 ft) long, 6 metres (20 ft) wide, and made out of seven erected stones that are 80–150 centimetres (31–59 in) tall. According to historical data there have been twelve stones.[3]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "RAÄ-nummer Ljungby 28:1". Swedish National Heritage Board (in Swedish). Retrieved 14 June 2017.
Runsten, granit, 1,85 m hög, 0,9 m bred (NNÖ-SSV) och 0,35 m tjock. Närmast romboid genomskärning. Stenen avtar något på bredden uppåt. Runslinga och inskrift på stenens SÖ sida med 13-15 cm höga runor. Enligt Smålands runinskrifter lyder inskriften:"Götrad gjorde denna vård efter Åstrad sin fader, den ypperste av de fränder och odalmän, som i Finnveden fordom levde." Uppmålad 1977. Uppmålad 2005. Tillägg dnr 321-834-2007: Lämningen återställd efter skador orsakade av stormen Gudrun.
- ^ "Runic inscription Sm 35". Scandinavian Runic-text Database (2020 ed.). Uppsala University: Department of Scandinavian Languages. Retrieved Feb 25, 2024.
- ^ "RAÄ-nummer Ljungby 29:1". Swedish National Heritage Board (in Swedish). Retrieved 14 June 2017.
Skeppssättning, undersökt och restaurerad, 17x6 m (Ö-V), bestående av 7 resta stenar, 0,8-1,5 m h, 0,5-1 m br och 0,2-0,3 m tj. Vid undersökningen 1952 påträffades endast ett svagt utbildat brandlager i Ö delen. Vid restaureringen kompletterades skeppssättningen med tre stenar som låg i omedelbar närhet av vägen i Ö, så att det totala antalet nu är sju stenar. Enligt uppgift ska det ursprungliga antalet ha varit tolv. Tillägg dnr 321-834-2007: Lämningen återställd efter skador orsakade av stormen Gudrun.