Wikipedia portal for content related to Estonia
Welcome to the Estonian Portal Eesti portaali
Estonia Republic of Estonia , is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe . It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland , to the west by the sea across from Sweden , to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia . The territory of Estonia consists of the mainland , the larger islands of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa , and over 2,200 other islands and islets on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, covering a total area of 45,339 square kilometres (17,505 sq mi). The capital city Tallinn and Tartu are the two largest urban areas of the country. The Estonian language is the indigenous and the official language of Estonia; it is the first language of the majority of its population , as well as the world's second most spoken Finnic language .
The land of what is now modern Estonia has been inhabited by humans since at least 9000 BCE. The medieval indigenous population of Estonia was one of the last pagan civilisations in Europe to adopt Christianity following the Papal -sanctioned Livonian Crusade in the 13th century. After centuries of successive rule by the Teutonic Order , Denmark , Sweden , and the Russian Empire , a distinct Estonian national identity began to emerge in the mid-19th century. This culminated in the 24 February 1918 Estonian Declaration of Independence from the then warring Russian and German Empires . Democratic throughout most of the interwar period , Estonia declared neutrality at the outbreak of World War II , however the country was repeatedly contested, invaded and occupied , first by the Soviet Union in 1940 , then by Nazi Germany in 1941, and was ultimately reoccupied in 1944 by, and annexed into, the USSR as an administrative subunit (Estonian SSR ). Throughout the 1944–1991 Soviet occupation, Estonia's de jure state continuity was preserved by diplomatic representatives and the government-in-exile . Following the bloodless Estonian "Singing Revolution " of 1988–1990, the nation's de facto independence from the Soviet Union was restored on 20 August 1991 .
Estonia is a developed country , with a high-income advanced economy , ranking 31st (out of 191) in the Human Development Index . The sovereign state of Estonia is a democratic unitary parliamentary republic , administratively subdivided into 15 maakond (counties) . With a population of just under 1.4 million, it is one of the least populous members of the European Union , the Eurozone , the OECD , the Schengen Area , and NATO . Estonia has consistently ranked highly in international rankings for quality of life , education , press freedom , digitalisation of public services and the prevalence of technology companies. (Full article...
Tartu Estonia after Tallinn . Tartu has a population of 97,435 (as of 2023). It is 186 kilometres (116 miles) southeast of Tallinn and 245 kilometres (152 miles) northeast of Riga , Latvia . Tartu lies on the Emajõgi river, which connects the two largest lakes in Estonia, Lake Võrtsjärv and Lake Peipus . From the 13th century until the end of the 19th century, Tartu was known in most of the world by variants of its historical name Dorpat .
Tartu, the largest urban centre of southern Estonia, is often considered the "intellectual capital city" of the country, especially as it is home to the nation's oldest and most renowned university, the
University of Tartu (founded in 1632). Tartu also houses the
Supreme Court of Estonia , the
Ministry of Education and Research , the
Estonian National Museum , and the oldest Estonian-language theatre,
Vanemuine . It is also the birthplace of the
Estonian Song Festivals . (
Full article... )
List of selected articles
The following are images from various Estonia-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1 History of Estonia
Image 2 Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald , the composer of Estonian national epic Kalevipoeg Culture of Estonia
Image 4 History of Estonia
Image 5 Comb Ceramic pottery at the Estonian History Museum (from History of Estonia
Image 7 History of Estonia
Image 9 Dannebrog falling from the sky during the Battle of Lindanise , 1219 (from History of Estonia
Image 10 Tartu University (Universität Dorpat) in 1860, during its 'Golden Age' (from History of Estonia
Image 11 Corded Ware culture pottery and stone axes, at the EHM (from History of Estonia
Image 12 Estonian Song Festival (2009) at the Tallinn Song Festival grounds. (from Culture of Estonia
Image 13 Ancient Estonia until 21 September 1217 (from History of Estonia
Image 14 History of Estonia
Image 15 cist graves from the Bronze Age in northern Estonia (from History of Estonia
Image 16 Ancient Estonia
Image 17 History of Estonia
Image 18 Comb Ceramic pottery at the Estonian History Museum (from Ancient Estonia
Image 19 History of Estonia
Image 21 Riigikogu (from History of Estonia
Image 23 Hermann Castle , Narva, was one of the Teutonic Order's castles in Estonia. (from History of Estonia
Image 24 History of Estonia
Image 25 History of Estonia
Image 26 History of Estonia
Image 27 Ancient Estonia
Image 29 Ancient Estonia
Image 32 Corded Ware culture pottery and stone axes at the Estonian History Museum. (from Ancient Estonia
Image 33 Kersti Kaljulaid with Russian President Vladimir Putin in April 2019 (from History of Estonia
Image 34 Kunda culture , the Estonian History Museum (from History of Estonia
Image 35 currant kissel . (from Culture of Estonia
Image 36 Ancient Estonia
Image 37 Varbola Stronghold by L. A. Mellin (from History of Estonia
Image 38 Estonian History Museum (from Ancient Estonia
Image 40 Johannes Käbin led the Estonian Communist Party from 1950 to 1978 (from History of Estonia
Image 41 History of Estonia
Image 42 folk music performers dressed in traditional clothing (from Culture of Estonia
Image 44 History of Estonia
Image 45 Dirham hoards in Estonia, 8th–11th centuries. (from Ancient Estonia
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