Since the 1970s party finance in Sweden on all levels of the political system depends heavily on public subsidies[1] With an estimated SEK 146 (more than $17) per voter a year the spending level is among the highest in the world of established democracies.[2]
Sources of funds edit
Public subsidies are the major source of party funds in Sweden. At the national level they provide 80 to 90 per cent of the major parties' annual revenue.[citation needed]
Items of spending edit
With all Swedish parties "annual routine spending is far more important than extra campaign expenses".[3]
Regulation of political money edit
As a consequence of preserving the internal autonomy of political parties as voluntary associations there was no regulation whatsoever for many years. Parties and lawmakers believed that this autonomy had to be preserved. When GRECO started to evaluate "Transparency of Party Funding" in Council of Europe member states the organization recommended to require political parties "to keep proper books and accounts ... to ensure that income, expenditure, assets and debts are accounted for in a comprehensive manner following a coherent format", to consolidate such accounts to include local branches and provide for easy access of the general public to the annual accounts of political parties.[4] The Swedish authorities replied "that they did not have any reason to believe that the longstanding self-regulation" needs to be amended.[5] However, by the end of 2012, the Swedish government had "decided to initiate a legislative process with the purpose of ... making information regarding the funding of political parties more accessible. ... draft legislation would be submitted to Parliament in autumn 2013."[6]
References edit
- ^ Gullan M. Gidlund, Partistöd, Umea: CWK Gleerup, 1983.
- ^ Karl-Heinz Nassmacher: The Funding of Party Competition, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag, 2009, p. 113.
- ^ Gullan Gidlund and Ruud Koole, 'Political Finance in the North of Europe (The Netherlands and Sweden)'. In: Karl-Heinz Nassmacher (ed.), Foundations for Democracy, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag, 2001, p. 114.
- ^ Third Evaluation Round, Compliance Report on Sweden, Greco RC-III (2011) 4E, p. 4. [1] Archived 2012-11-13 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Third Evaluation Round, Compliance Report on Sweden, Greco RC-III (2011) 4E, p. 5. [2] Archived 2012-11-13 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Third Evaluation Round, Second Interim Compliance Report on Sweden, Greco RC-III (2012) 22E, p. 3. [3] Archived 2013-01-17 at the Wayback Machine
Bibliography edit
- Gullan M. Gidlund, Partistöd, Umea: CWK Gleerup, 1983.
- Gullan Gidlund,'Public Investments in Swedish Democracy'. In: Matti Wiberg (ed.): The Public Purse and Political Parties. Public Financing of Political Parties in Nordic Countries. Jyväskykä; Gummerus, 1991, pp. 13-54.
- Klee-Kruse, Gudrun: Financing Parties and Elections in Small European Democracies. Austria and Sweden'. In: Gunlicks, Arthur B. (ed.); Campaign and Party Finance in North America and Western Europe, Boulder CO: Westview Press, 1993, pp. 178-200.
- Gullan Gidlund, 'Regulation of Party Finance in Sweden'. In: Herbert E. Alexander and Rei Shiratori (eds.): Comparative Political Finance Among the Democracies, Boulder CO: Westview Press, 1994, pp. 105-114.
- Gullan Gidlund and Ruud Koole, 'Political Finance in the North of Europe (The Netherlands and Sweden)'. In: Karl-Heinz Nassmacher (ed.), Foundations for Democracy, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag, 2001, pp. 112-130.
External links edit
- Parties and Candidates
- 2003 Political Party Finance Database Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine – International IDEA, Strömsborg, Sweden
- 2012 Political Party Finance Database Archived 2014-10-22 at the Wayback Machine – International IDEA, Strömsborg, Sweden
- http://www.idea.int/publications/funding-of-political-parties-and-election-campaigns/upload/foppec_p7.pdf Archived 2014-10-31 at the Wayback Machine