The orange-spotted bulbul (Pycnonotus bimaculatus) is a species of songbird in the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is endemic to Java, Bali and Sumatra.
| Orange-spotted bulbul | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Infraorder: | Passerides |
| Family: | Pycnonotidae |
| Genus: | Pycnonotus |
| Species: | P. bimaculatus
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| Binomial name | |
| Pycnonotus bimaculatus (Horsfield, 1821)
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| Synonyms | |
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It favors forest edges and open meadows in montane forests.[2]
Taxonomy and systematics edit
The orange-spotted bulbul was originally described in the genus Turdus by Thomas Horsfield in 1821. Until 2016, the Aceh bulbul (Pycnonotus snouckaerti) was considered as a subspecies of the orange-spotted bulbul until split by the IOC.[3] Most other authorities have not yet recognized this split.[4]
Subspecies edit
Two subspecies are recognized:[5]
- P. b. bimaculatus – (Horsfield, 1821): Found on south-western Sumatra, western and central Java
- P. b. tenggerensis – (van Oort, 1911): Found on eastern Java and Bali
Description edit
Up to 20 cm long. It is a dark-colored and active bulbul with a rounded tail.
Calls edit
It is a noisy bird, giving out a variety of harsh and loud calls and songs.
Behaviour and ecology edit
Diet edit
It is a frugivore.
Reproduction edit
It breeds throughout the year. Nesting occurs year-round, peaking in May. Nests are robust and cup-shaped.
References edit
- ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Pycnonotus bimaculatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T103828414A94344693. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103828414A94344693.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
- ^ MacKinnon, John; Karen Phillips (1993). A Field Guide to the Birds of Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 273.
- ^ "Species Updates « IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 2017-03-29.
- ^ "Pycnonotus snouckaerti - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-03-29.
- ^ "Bulbuls « IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 2017-03-28.
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