The Atlantic royal flycatcher (Onychorhynchus swainsoni) is a passerine bird in the family Tityridae according to the International Ornithological Committee (IOC). It is endemic to Brazil.[2]
| Atlantic royal flycatcher | |
|---|---|
| |
| At Tapiraí, São Paulo state, Brazil | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Tityridae |
| Genus: | Onychorhynchus |
| Species: | O. swainsoni
|
| Binomial name | |
| Onychorhynchus swainsoni (Pelzeln, 1858)
| |
| |
Taxonomy and systematics edit
The IOC considers the Atlantic royal flycatcher and three other royal flycatcher taxa to be separate species and places them in the family Tityridae. The North and South American Classification Committees of the American Ornithological Society (AOS) consider the four to be subspecies of the widespread royal flycatcher (Onychorhynchus coronatus sensu lato). The AOS places O. coronatus in family Onychorhynchidae and includes four other flycatcher species in that family.[3][4]
The Clements taxonomy treats the Atlantic royal flycatcher as a species but places it in family Oxyruncidae with several other flycatcher species and the sharpbill. IOC considers all of them to be in Tityridae.[5][2]
The Atlantic royal flycatcher is monotypic.[2]
Description edit
The Atlantic royal flycatcher is 16 to 16.5 cm (6.3 to 6.5 in) long. One specimen weighed 23.5 g (0.83 oz). This large-billed flycatcher has a spectacular, but rarely seen, crest. The upper parts are mostly dull brown with a bright cinnamon rump and tail. It has a whitish throat and ochraceous buff underparts. It has an erectile fan-shaped crest that when raised is scarlet, black, and blue in the male and yellow, black, and blue in the female.[6][7]
Distribution and habitat edit
The Atlantic royal flycatcher is found only in the Atlantic forest of southeastern Brazil, from Bahia State south to northern Santa Catarina State. It inhabits humid lowlands, both primary evergreen and second growth forests. It is a bird of the midstory.[7]
Behavior edit
Feeding edit
All of the royal flycatchers are insectivorous.[7]
Breeding edit
The Atlantic royal flycatcher's nest is long and narrow and is suspended from a branch or vine, usually above water. The clutch is two eggs; only the female incubates them and broods and feeds the nestlings.[7] Breeding appears to be in the austral spring, because nest-building was recorded in October and eggs were laid in November. In another area, a juvenile was seen in January.[6]
Vocalization edit
The Atlantic royal flycatcher is usually inconspicuous and quiet. Its song is "a descending, slowing series of plaintive whistles" [1] and its call a repeated "keeeyup or keee-yew" [2].[7]
Status edit
The IUCN has assessed the Atlantic royal flycatcher as being Vulnerable. "The species has recently been discovered at a number of new locations; however, the population is estimated at 600-1,700 mature individuals and declining rapidly."[1]
References edit
- ^ a b BirdLife International (2018). "Atlantic Royal Flycatcher Onychorhynchus swainsoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
- ^ a b c Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (2023). "Cotingas, manakins, tityras, becards". IOC World Bird List (v 13.2). International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
- ^ Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hern ndez-Ba os, R. A. Jim nez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., and K. Winker. 2023. Check-list of North American Birds (online). American Ornithological Society. https://checklist.americanornithology.org/taxa/
- ^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, G. Del-Rio, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 28 September 2023. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved October 20, 2023
- ^ Clements, J. F., P.C. Rasmussen, T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, A. Spencer, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2023. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2023. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved October 28, 2023
- ^ a b "Species Factsheet: Onychorhynchus swainsoni". BirdLife International. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Kirwan, G. M., R. Sample, B. Shackelford, R. Kannan, and P. F. D. Boesman (2023). Atlantic Royal Flycatcher (Onychorhynchus swainsoni), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg and B. K. Keeney, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.royfly5.01 retrieved November 6, 2023
External links edit
Media related to Onychorhynchus swainsoni at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Onychorhynchus swainsoni at Wikispecies- "Onychorhynchus swainsoni". Avibase.
- Interactive range map of Onychorhynchus swainsoni at IUCN Red List maps
- Audio recordings of Atlantic royal flycatcher on Xeno-canto.
