William Bayard Cutting (January 12, 1850 – March 1, 1912),[1] a member of New York's merchant aristocracy, was an attorney, financier, real estate developer, sugar beet refiner and philanthropist. Cutting and his brother Fulton started the sugar beet industry in the United States in 1888. He was a builder of railroads, operated the ferries of New York City, and developed part of the south Brooklyn waterfront, Red Hook.
William Bayard Cutting | |
|---|---|
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| Born | January 12, 1850 New York City, U.S.[1] |
| Died | March 1, 1912 (aged 62) |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | Columbia College, 1869, 1871[1] |
| Occupation(s) | Attorney, financier, real estate developer, sugar beet refiner |
| Spouse |
Olivia Peyton Murray
(m. 1877) |
| Children | William Bayard Cutting Jr. Justine Bayard Cutting Bronson Murray Cutting Olivia Murray Cutting |
| Parent(s) | Fulton Cutting Elise Justine Bayard |
| Relatives | Robert Fulton Cutting (brother) Robert Cutting (grandfather) Robert Bayard (grandfather) Francis B. Cutting (uncle) |
Early life edit
Cutting was born in New York City on January 12, 1850. He was the son of Fulton Cutting (1816–1875) and Elise Justine Bayard (1823–1852). He was the brother of Robert Fulton Cutting (1852–1934), a financier.[2]
His paternal grandparents were William Cutting (1773–1820) and Gertrude Livingston (1778–1864),[3] the sister of Henry Walter Livingston, a U.S. Representative from New York, and the daughter of Walter Livingston, the 1st Speaker of the New York State Assembly.[2] He was the nephew of Francis Brockholst Cutting,[2] also a U.S. Representative from New York.[4] His maternal grandfather, Robert Bayard, was Robert Fulton's partner. Cutting and Fulton were brothers-in-law who had married Livingston sisters. Cutting ancestors included members from the Stuyvesant, Bayard, Schuyler and Van Cortlandt families of colonial New York.[5]
Cutting attended, studied law and graduated from Columbia College.[1]
Career edit
Cutting, a lawyer, assisted his grandfather, Robert Bayard, in the management of his railroad company. In addition, W. Bayard Cutting continued to operate the ferry system of New York City and the city of Brooklyn.[1]
In 1895, Cutting and his brother laid out a golf course at Westbrook, known to be the first private golf course in the United States.[6]
Society life edit
In 1892, Cutting and his wife were included in Ward McAllister's "Four Hundred", purported to be an index of New York's best families, published in The New York Times.[7] Conveniently, 400 was the number of people that could fit into Mrs. Astor's ballroom.[8]
Cutting was a member of the famous Jekyll Island Club (a.k.a. The Millionaires Club) on Jekyll Island, Georgia. He was also a founding member of the good government organization, the City Club of New York.[1] Cutting also was one of the founders of the New York Metropolitan Opera.[9]
His Long Island estate along the west bank of the Connetquot River, purchased from George L. Lorillard in 1884, and the country house called "Westbrook" which he built there, are now the Bayard Cutting Arboretum,[10][11] in Great River, New York.
Personal life edit
On April 26, 1877, he married Olivia Peyton Murray (1855–1949), the daughter of Bronson Murray of Murray Hill, New York. They had four children:
- William Bayard Cutting Jr. (1878–1910), who was secretary to the U.S. embassy to the Court of St. James's. On April 30, 1901, he married Lady Sybil Marjorie Cuffe, daughter of Hamilton Cuffe, 5th Earl of Desart and Lady Margaret Joan Lascelles.[12]
- Justine Bayard Cutting (1879–1975), who married George Cabot Ward in 1901. She developed the Ward Method of music education as a way to teach sight-singing to children in Catholic schools in order to promote Gregorian chant.
- Bronson Murray Cutting (1888–1935),[13] a U.S. Senator from New Mexico who was killed in an airplane crash.[14]
- Olivia Murray Cutting (1892–1963), who married Henry James (1879–1947), a Pulitzer Prize winner and the son of psychologist William James, in 1917.[15]
Cutting died on March 1, 1912, of acute indigestion while on a train coming back from El Paso, Texas.[1]
Descendants edit
Through his eldest son, he was the grandfather of Iris Origo (1902–1988), the Marchesa Origo, the author of many books.[16]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g "W.B. CUTTING DIES ON TRAIN" (PDF). The New York Times. 2 Mar 1912. p. 1. Retrieved February 18, 2013.
- ^ a b c Bergen, Tunis Garret (1915). Genealogies of the State of New York: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a Commonwealth and the Founding of a Nation. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
- ^ Livingston, Edwin Brockholst (1901). The Livingstons of Livingston manor; being the history of that branch of the Scottish house of Callendar which settled in the English province of New York during the reign of Charles the Second; and also including an account of Robert Livingston of Albany, "The nephew," a settler in the same province and his principal descendants. New York: The Knickerbocker Press. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
- ^ "CUTTING, Francis Brockholst - Biographical Information". bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
- ^ Columbia University Quarterly Volume 14, 1912, Page 286
- ^ Lynn Beebe Weaver (September 1973). "National Register of Historic Places Registration: Bayard Cutting Estate". New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Retrieved 2010-02-20. See also: "Accompanying six photos".
- ^ McAllister, Ward (16 February 1892). "THE ONLY FOUR HUNDRED | WARD M'ALLISTER GIVES OUT THE OFFICIAL LIST. HERE ARE THE NAMES, DON'T YOU KNOW, ON THE AUTHORITY OF THEIR GREAT LEADER, YOU UNDER- STAND, AND THEREFORE GENUINE, YOU SEE" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
- ^ Keister, Lisa A. (2005). Getting Rich: America's New Rich and How They Got That Way. Cambridge University Press. p. 36. ISBN 9780521536677. Retrieved 20 October 2017.
- ^ Combe, Pierre. Justine Ward and Solesmes. 1987, page 416.
- ^ Wealthy New York Businessmen Tid-bits, The History Box
- ^ “Centre Island Revisited”, A History of the Gardens of the Ambassador's Residence, British Embassy, Washington, May 2, 2014.
- ^ "WM. B. CUTTING, JR., DIES IN EGYPT; Son of William Bayard Cutting Was ex-Secretary of American Embassy at Tangier. ONCE DIPLOMAT AT MILAN Accepted Recently Harvard Lectureship on British Colonial Government--Married Lady Sybil Cuffe" (PDF). The New York Times. 11 March 1910. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
- ^ Cutting, Bronson Murray, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- ^ Lowitt, Richard. Bronson M. Cutting: Progressive Politician (University of New Mexico Press, 1992).
- ^ "MISS CUTTING ONE OF BRIDES OF A DAY: DAUGHTER OF MRS. BAYARD CUTTING MARRIES HENRY JAMES OF ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE". New York Times. 12 June 1917. p. 13.
- ^ "MISS CUTTING ENGAGED.; Daughter of Late W. Bayard Cutting to Wed the Marchese Orljjo" (PDF). The New York Times. 7 October 1923. Retrieved 2 November 2017.