The Manacled Mormon case,[6] also known as the Mormon sex in chains case, was a case of reputed sexual assault and kidnap by an American woman, Joyce McKinney, of a young American Mormon missionary, Kirk Anderson, in England in 1977. Because McKinney and her accomplice skipped bail and fled to the United States before the case could be tried and were not extradited, they were never tried for these specific crimes. According to Anderson, he had been abducted by McKinney from the steps of a church meetinghouse, chained to a bed and raped by her.
 1984 mugshot taken of perpetrator Joyce McKinney when subsequently arrested in 1984 in Salt Lake City, Utah, on charges she again was stalking her 1977 victim, Anderson | |
| Duration | 14–17 September 1977[1] |
|---|---|
| Location | |
| Motive | McKinney's self-professed lovesickness or "all-consuming passion".[2] |
| Outcome | Anderson says he escaped by feigning to alleged captors that he would inform church authorities of his soon elopement with McKinney. |
| Arrests | McKinney and alleged accomplice Keith May |
| Charges |
|
| Verdict | (No trial on main charges) |
| Convictions | McKinney and May, in absentia, for skipping bail[3] |
| Sentence | One year's imprisonment if bail money (£1,000 each) not returned[3] |
| In April 1978, McKinney and May absconded on false passports. McKinney remains a fugitive from justice in the UK.[4] May died in 2004.[5] | |
After the case, McKinney absconded from the United Kingdom and was allowed to reside in the U.S. with a falsified passport.
McKinney extensively discusses the case in the 2010 documentary film Tabloid; she filed lawsuits against the film's director, Errol Morris, in 2011 and 2016, both of which were dismissed in court. In 2019, McKinney was homeless and living in her vehicle when she was charged with the hit-and-run manslaughter of a 91-year-old pedestrian; the court found her a mentally incompetent defendant and sent her for psychiatric treatment in 2019, confirming in 2020 that she would remain in a psychiatric hospital, with reviews of her competence at future dates.
Alleged crime edit
Kirk Anderson, a young missionary for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, went missing on 14 September 1977, in Ewell, Surrey, England. He was allegedly abducted from the steps of a meetinghouse of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Keith May, aged 24, who had posed as an investigator into Mormonism, using a fake handgun and chloroform.[7] Three days later, a freed Anderson made a report to the police that he had been driven to a cottage in Devon and chained to a bed against his will, at which point Joyce Bernann McKinney [8][9][10][11] had attempted to seduce and then raped him.
Police set up a sting operation by having Anderson set up a 21 September rendezvous with McKinney and May, leading to the two suspects being arrested.
Judicial proceedings edit
On 19 September 1977, McKinney and May were arrested and charged with kidnap and assault. They vigorously denied the charges. While being taken to Epsom for a court appearance, McKinney held a notice up at the window of the police vehicle saying, "Kirk left with me willingly!"[12] At the committal hearing, she stated of Anderson: "I loved him so much that I would ski naked down Mount Everest in the nude with a carnation up my nose if he asked me to."[13] Press reports and McKinney's solicitor referred to the size differential between McKinney, who weighed 120 lb (54 kg), and the 250 lb (110 kg) Anderson, described as being 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) tall.[14][15] Under the Sexual Offences Act 1956, then in force in the United Kingdom, no crime of rape was deemed to have been committed since the victim was male; however, indecent assault of a man did apply.[16]
McKinney and May skipped bail and absconded from the UK on 12 April 1978. Their trial for kidnap had been due to begin on 2 May.[17] In June a judge at London's Central Criminal Court sentenced McKinney and May in absentia to a year in prison for skipping bail (if their bail money, £1,000 each, was not paid to the court in forfeit).[3] No extradition proceedings were instituted by the British government.
On 18 July 1979, May and McKinney were both arrested in the US by the FBI on charges of making false statements in order to obtain passports.[18] They both received suspended sentences.[4]
Coverage in the media edit
The coverage in British newspapers in the final months of 1977 was extensive.[7] Some newspapers sought to obtain "scoops" on the story, and to undermine each other as they managed to obtain and publish exclusive information. For example, the Daily Mirror researched McKinney's past and reported over several days that she had been a nude model. The Daily Mail attempted to devalue the Mirror's reports by advertising itself as "the paper without Joyce McKinney".[19]
Brian Whitaker has observed that the case provided "light relief" for the newspaper-reading public, from more serious stories about politicians.[19] Roger Wilkes states that the coverage of the case "cheered Britain up no end".[20]
A Church of Scotland working party on obscenity in 1979 observed the "gusto" with which newspapers covered and followed the case, observing the coverage was accompanied by "the kind of illustration which a decade ago would have been under plain sealed cover".[21]
The coverage was extensive in part because the case was considered so anomalous, involving as it did the issue of rape of a man by a woman. Backhouse and Cohen reported in 1978 that many men, privately, expressed their disbelief of such a possibility.[22]
The case was documented in Joyce McKinney and the Manacled Mormon,[23] a book by Anthony Delano in 1978, who based his work on assembled Daily Mirror coverage.[24] The events were documented musically by the UK band Radio Stars in their recording of 'Sex in Chains Blues'.
Later developments edit
In 1984, McKinney was again the subject of police action for allegedly stalking Anderson, though he was now married with children.[25] At the time of her apprehension, McKinney was found living in her vehicle near Salt Lake International Airport, where Anderson worked. A search of the vehicle uncovered road maps, rope, handcuffs, and notebooks keeping detailed records of Anderson's routines. McKinney insisted that she had driven to the airport to book a flight, though it was later revealed that she had driven several thousand miles from her home in North Carolina.[26]
In 2008, a story about a woman named "Bernann McKinney" appeared in the media after the woman had her pet dog cloned in South Korea. Journalists tied the two incidents together in articles identifying facial similarity between "Bernann McKinney" and Joyce Bernann McKinney.[27] After initial denials[8][28][29] the International Herald Tribune and other publications carried an admission by McKinney that she was the person named in the 1977 case.[14]
The revival of interest in the story led the documentary filmmaker Errol Morris to produce a 2010 film, Tabloid, based on the media sensation surrounding the story.[30] The film gives extra details, from press reports of the day and from participants in the story, to the use of a (possibly fake) gun during Anderson's abduction, and Anderson being tied up during his alleged rape by McKinney.[31] The film also gave further details regarding McKinney's work as a call girl, earning funds for her team's international adventure by offering bondage and S&M services around the time she became obsessed with Anderson.
In January 2016, McKinney filed suit against Morris, claiming that she had been misrepresented in the film and that Morris and others related to the documentary's production had broken into her home, stolen personal items related to the case, and threatened the life of her service dog if McKinney did not sign release papers allowing them to use her footage for the film. Legal representatives for Morris stated that "evidence will show that [McKinney] willingly – in fact, eagerly – participated in the lengthy interview that is featured in the film."[32] Morris stated in an interview later that year that the charges had been dismissed as "frivolous".[33]
Anderson as of 2011[update] was a real estate agent and shied away from publicity. Keith May, McKinney's co-conspirator from the 1977 case, died in 2004.[5] At one point, McKinney lived in Newland, in the western North Carolina mountains.[26][8] More recently, she has lived as a homeless person in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles.
Vehicular manslaughter charge edit
In July 2019, the Los Angeles Police Department's Valley Traffic Division (VTD) named McKinney as the person involved in a fatal hit and run that took the life of 91-year-old Gennady Bolotsky. The incident took place in the North Hollywood neighborhood of Valley Village on Monday, 16 June 2019, at around 5:40 a.m. Bolotsky was walking his dog at a crosswalk on Magnolia Boulevard and Wilkinson Avenue when he was struck by a white 2006 GMC pick-up truck. The incident was captured by surveillance video from a nearby business. Stills from this video were released by police, and locals identified the vehicle as belonging to a then-unidentified homeless woman who had been the subject of frequent police reports.[34] On 21 June 2019, investigators followed a lead that the suspected vehicle was parked in the city of Burbank near the Burbank Airport. Investigators located McKinney, who appeared to be living in the vehicle along with her three dogs.
During the investigation, detectives learned that McKinney had outstanding warrants for battery and public nuisance from an unrelated investigation. McKinney was taken into custody for her preexisting warrants and booked into Valley Jail Division in Van Nuys. McKinney's vehicle was impounded by VTD investigators and processed for evidence related to the fatal collision. On 1 July 2019, the VTD presented their case to the Los Angeles County District Attorney and charged McKinney with assault with a deadly weapon other than a firearm, hit and run with injury and vehicular manslaughter. A sentencing enhancement was proposed due to injury to a person over 70 years of age.[35] McKinney remained in custody on the previous warrants, under a combined bail of $137,500. If convicted, she faces up to a maximum of 11 years in state prison.[36] McKinney was ordered to a psychiatric evaluation and, on 11 July 2019, she was sent to the Los Angeles Court division for mentally incompetent defendants.[37] McKinney was taken to the Metropolitan State Hospital in Norwalk. In February 2020, a judge in Van Nuys ruled once again she was not competent. Her next hearing was scheduled for August 2020.[38]
References edit
- ^ "Joyce McKinney and the battle of the tabloids". The Guardian. 15 October 2011. Archived from the original on 9 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
- ^ Sheridan, Peter (16 January 2016). "Return of Joyce, the kidnap beauty queen". Archived from the original on 9 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
- ^ a b c "Joyce McKinney Ordered to Forfeit Bail". The Times. London. 21 June 1978. Archived from the original on 21 May 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2020.(subscription required)
- ^ a b Brunton 2008
- ^ a b Means, Sean P. (8 July 2011). "Seeking the truth behind a 'Tabloid' story". The Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on 21 May 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
- ^ Greenslade, Roy (17 October 2013). "Judge finds for filmmaker in 'manacled Mormon' case". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 April 2018. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
- ^ a b Fernandes 1999, pp. 489
- ^ a b c Bone & Kennedy 2008
- ^ "Corrections". St. Petersburg Times. 13 August 2008. pp. A.1.
- ^ "Setting it straight". The Sacramento Bee. 13 August 2008. pp. A2.
- ^ "World-USA". Pageantopolis. Archived from the original on 21 October 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Barret, Frank. "Joyce McKinney". Jamd. Archived from the original on 6 March 2009. Retrieved 22 February 2009.
- ^ Cobain, Ian (8 August 2008). "Now she has her pit bull cloned. But once she manacled a Mormon for sex". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 September 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
- ^ a b AP 2008
- ^ "Mormon is said to have made love willingly". The Times. No. 60174. London. 30 November 1977. p. 2.
- ^ "Sexual Offences Act 1956 (c.69), section Intercourse by force, intimidation, etc". Office of Public Sector Information. Archived from the original on 1 March 2009. Retrieved 24 February 2009.
- ^ Tendler, Stewart (18 April 1978). "Mormon case couple escape to Canada". The Times. Archived from the original on 21 May 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
- ^ "Beauty queen back in FBI's custody". St. Petersburg Times. Associated Press. 20 July 1979. p. 4.
- ^ a b Whitaker 1981, pp. 39, 55
- ^ Wilkes 2002, pp. 286
- ^ CoSWP 1979, pp. 29
- ^ Backhouse & Cohen 1978, pp. 163
- ^ Fillion 1996, pp. 331
- ^ Woestendiek 2010
- ^ O'Neill 2008
- ^ a b Dobner 2008
- ^ Batty 2008
- ^ Peterkin 2008
- ^ Lewis, Leo; Quinn, Ben (7 August 2008). "Dog-cloner denies she was Mormon sex kidnapper". The Times. No. 69396. London. p. 21.
- ^ "Scandal and Subjective Reality in Errol Morris's Tabloid". Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ "Why they're calling this snobby Titanic show 'Drownton Abbey'". Irish Independent. 31 March 2012. Archived from the original on 15 June 2012. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
- ^ Gardner, Eriq (15 January 2016). "Errol Morris Heads to Trial Against Irate Plaintiff at Center of 2011 Documentary 'Tabloid'". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on 21 November 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
- ^ Brown, Phil (14 October 2016). "Errol Morris on The B-Side and His Donald Trump Short". Collider. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
- ^ Leonard, Eric. "Woman Charged in Hit-and-Run Killing of Holocaust Survivor in Valley Village". NBC Los Angeles. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- ^ Hardy, Jessica (16 October 2019). "Woman To Face Charges After Killing Holocaust Survive In Brutal Hit And Run [Video]". Lead Patriot. Archived from the original on 12 November 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
- ^ Helsel, Phil. "Woman, 68, charged in hit-and-run death of Holocaust survivor". NBC News. Archived from the original on 5 July 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- ^ "Psychiatric evaluation ordered for woman suspected in Valley Village hit-and-run death of Holocaust survivor". Los Angeles Daily News. 5 July 2019. Archived from the original on 6 July 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- ^ Josh Cain (2 April 2020). "Woman accused of running over Holocaust survivor in San Fernando Valley has led a tabloid life". Los Angeles Daily News. Archived from the original on 4 April 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
Bibliography edit
- Backhouse, Constance; Cohen, Leah (1978). The Secret Oppression: Sexual Harassment of Working Women. Macmillan of Canada. ISBN 0-7705-1789-7.
- Church of Scotland Working Party on Obscenity and Community Standards, Church of Scotland Social Responsibility Committee (1979). Obscenity and Community Standards. St Andrew Press.
- Delano, Anthony (16 June 1978). Joyce McKinney and the Manacled Mormon. Mirror Books. ISBN 978-0-85939-140-5.
- Fernandes, Fatima (1999). "Sex scandals". In Peter Childs and Mike Storry (ed.). Encyclopedia of Contemporary British Culture. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-415-14726-2.
- Fillion, Kate (1996). Lip Service: The Truth about Women's Darker Side in Love, Sex, and Friendship. HarperCollinsPublishers. ISBN 0-06-017290-8.
- Whitaker, Brian (1981). News Limited. Minority Press Group. ISBN 0-906890-04-7.
- Wilkes, Roger (2002). Scandal: A Scurrilous History of Gossip. Atlantic. ISBN 1-903809-63-0.
- Woestendiek, John (2010). Dog, Inc.: The Uncanny Inside Story of Cloning Man's Best Friend. New York: Avery Penguin. ISBN 978-1-58333-391-4. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
- "Despite scandal, South Korean cloning firm says it has no plans to screen clients". International Herald Tribune. Associated Press. 11 September 2008. Archived from the original on 6 March 2009. Retrieved 23 February 2009.
On Saturday, McKinney repeated the same argument her lawyer made all those years ago: There is no way she could have overpowered the young Mormon, because he was much bigger and stronger, at what she said was 300 pounds, or 136 kilograms.
- Bone, James; Kennedy, Dominic (8 August 2008). "Missing years in Bernann McKinney's strange journey from Mormon sex case to clones called Booger". The Sunday Times. London. Archived from the original on 7 October 2008. Retrieved 22 February 2009.
In 1977, the former Miss Wyoming stalked her lover, a Mormon missionary, to a tabernacle in East Ewell, Surrey, allegedly kidnapped him and held him in a cottage in Devon. There, the 17-stone Kirk Anderson claimed, his petite, busty admirer tied him to a bed using mink-trimmed handcuffs, slipped into a see-through nightie and forced him into sex
- Batty, David (8 August 2008). "Joyce McKinney: from Mormon manacling to dog cloning". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 4 August 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2009.
- Brunton, Michael (11 August 2008). "Cloner Dogged by Sex Scandal". Time magazine. Time Inc. Archived from the original on 16 January 2011.
- Dobner, Jennifer (9 August 2008). "Bernann McKinney, Joyce McKinney: Cloned puppies and a mormon sex slave? > Is the woman who cloned her puppies the same one who held a Mormon missionary hostage 31 years ago?". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved 24 February 2009.
Joyce McKinney surfaced again in Utah in May 1984 and was arrested for allegedly stalking the workplace of the same Mormon man she was accused of imprisoning in England. News reports say that police found a length of rope and handcuffs in the trunk of McKinney's car, along with notebooks detailing the man's daily activities.
- O'Neill, Dan (29 January 2008). "A Mormon, a beauty queen and manacles..." South Wales Echo. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2009.
Joyce, remanded on bail, came out after 11 weeks in Holloway in time to sign a deal with Penthouse Magazine, then disappeared with the faithful Keith, fleeing to Canada, sentenced in her absence to a year in jail
- Peterkin, Tom (7 August 2008). "Dog-cloner denies being Joyce McKinney of the 'Morman sex-slave' case". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 5 June 2009. Retrieved 22 February 2009.
The animal-lover, who has been thrust into the limelight after her pet dog was cloned by Korean scientists, has vehemently denied that she is a former beauty queen accused of a bizarre and salacious sex scandal that fascinated the world 30-years-ago.