Moddie Daniel Taylor (March 3, 1912 – September 15, 1976) was an African American chemist who specialized in rare earth minerals. He was one of the African American scientists and technicians on the Manhattan Project from 1943 to 1945, working to develop the atomic bomb.[1] For his work on the Manhattan Project, he was awarded a Certificate of Merit Medal for his contributions by Secretary of War Robert P. Patterson.[2]
Moddie Taylor | |
|---|---|
| Born | Moddie Daniel Taylor March 3, 1912 |
| Died | September 15, 1976 (aged 64) |
| Education | Lincoln University (BS) University of Chicago (MS, PhD) |
| Occupation | Chemist |
| Employers |
|
| Known for | Contributions to the Manhattan Project |
| Spouse | Vivian Ellis |
| Children | Herbert Moddie Taylor |
| Awards | Certificate of Merit Medal |
Early life and education edit
Taylor was born in Nymph, Alabama in 1912, growing up in the segregated South.[3] His mother was Celeste (Oliver) Taylor and father was Herbert L. Taylor.[4] His family subsequently moved to St. Louis where his father worked as a postal clerk. Taylor earned a B.S. in chemistry from Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Missouri in 1935, graduating as valedictorian.[5] He remained at Lincoln University, teaching chemistry before deciding to pursue his graduate studies at the University of Chicago.[5] There, he received an M.S. in 1939 and a PhD in 1943 specializing in rare earth minerals.[3] His graduate thesis was entitled Acid-Base Studies in Gaseous Systems; The Dissociation of the Addition Compounds of Trimethylboron with Aliphatic Amines.[6]
Research and career edit
From 1943 to 1945, Taylor began working on the Manhattan Project as a research associate in the Metallurgical Laboratory.[3][7] The researchers at the Metallurgical Laboratory worked on developing the casing for the atomic bomb. Following the war, he returned to his alma mater at Lincoln University School of Law continuing to teach chemistry before moving to Howard University in 1948 to become an associate professor of chemistry.[8] He was promoted to full professor in 1959 before leading the university's chemistry department from 1969 to 1976. He retired on April 1, 1976, as a professor emeritus.[1]
At Howard, Taylor's research interests centered on the vapor phase dissociation of some carboxylic acids. In 1952, he was inducted into the Washington Academy of Sciences in recognition for this work and in 1956, he was awarded a research grant from the American Academy of Arts and Sciences to continue this line of work.[9] He was recognized for his excellence in teaching by numerous scientific organizations and societies, including the Manufacturing Chemists' Association and the Washington Institute of Chemists.[1] In 1960, he wrote the chemistry textbook First Principles of Chemistry, which became popularly used in colleges across the United States.[10]
Awards and honors edit
- Certificate of Merit Medal, 1946[1]
- Inducted Member, Washington Academy of Sciences, 1952[9]
- Top College Chemistry Professor, Manufacturing Chemists' Association, 1960
- Honor Scroll, Washington Institute of Chemists, 1972
- Fellow, American Institute of Chemists
Personal life edit
Taylor marries Vivian Ellis in 1937 and they had a son named Herbert Moddie Taylor.[4] Taylor died on May 30, 1976, in Washington, DC.
References edit
- ^ a b c d Atomic Heritage Foundation
- ^ Fighting for America: Black Soldiers-the Unsung Heroes of World War II 2007 p318 (Random House Publishing Group)
- ^ a b c "Black History Month: 5 Facts About Dr. Moddie Taylor". Energy.gov. Retrieved August 16, 2020.
- ^ a b Absher, A. (July 25, 2011). "Moddie Daniel Taylor (1912-1976)". Retrieved August 16, 2020.
- ^ a b "African American Scientists during the Manhattan Project - Manhattan Project National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved August 16, 2020.
- ^ Gordon, Jacob U. (2004). The Black Male in White America. Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1-59033-757-8.
- ^ "Aiding Gov't Project Gets M.D. Taylor". The Lincoln Clarion. October 15, 1943. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
- ^ "Moddie Taylor: Renowned Chemist Known for the Manhattan Project". Black Then. August 3, 2018. Retrieved August 16, 2020.
- ^ a b "New Members of the Academy". Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. 44 (4): 128–132. 1954. ISSN 0043-0439. JSTOR 24533413.
- ^ First Principles of Chemistry 1960 (Van Nostrand)