Michael Stürzenberger (born 28 September 1964) is a German far-right activist and blogger. He was the leader of the German Freedom Party from 2013 to 2016, and has been active for many years with his anti-Islam public speaking and protests with groups such as the Citizens' Movement Pax Europa and Pegida. He is an active contributor to the counter-jihad blog Politically Incorrect,[1] and has been observed by the Bavarian Office for the Protection of the Constitution since 2013.[2][3]
Michael Stürzenberger | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Stürzenberger in 2018 | |
| Leader of the German Freedom Party | |
| In office 2013–2016 | |
| Preceded by | René Stadtkewitz |
| Succeeded by | Office dissolved |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 28 September 1964 |
| Political party | Christian Social Union in Bavaria (2003–11) German Freedom Party (2011–16) |
Political activities edit
Stürzenberger studied political science and history at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich from 1984 to 1988,[4] but did not complete his studies and subsequently worked as a sports reporter for the television channel RTL/Sat.1.[5]
He joined the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) in 2003, and briefly served as its press spokesman in Munich until 2004.[1][6][7] He has cited the death of his party colleague Ralph Burkei in the 2008 Mumbai attacks as an important event for his anti-Islam beliefs, while stating that he had read the Quran after the September 11 attacks.[5] He was a member of the CSU until 2011, when he left the party and joined the German Freedom Party.[5] He was elected to the federal executive board of the German Freedom Party, but due to his radical Islamophobic attitude, his election led to the resignation of several state executives and many members.[8] He had previously been relieved of his positions in the party after a blog post that called for Muslims to be forced to leave the country unless they renounced their faith.[9] In 2012 he spoke at the counter-jihad meeting in Aarhus, Denmark.[10]
Stürzenberger was elected leader of the German Freedom Party after René Stadtkewitz resigned in 2013, and held the position until 2016 when the party was dissolved in favour of the Alternative for Germany (AfD).[11] He ran for local elections in Munich-Bogenhausen in 2013, receiving 0.4% of the vote.[12] He ran for mayoral elections in Munich in 2014, and would speak in the public square almost every day.[13] He received 0.5% of the vote in the election.[14]
Protest activism edit
Stürzenberger has for many years held anti-Islam protests in the Munich city square.[1] In his rallies he has railed against the presence of Islam in Germany, and in particular the plans of Imam Benjamin Idriz to build an Islamic centre in Munich.[1] He has been active as the leader of the German branch of Stop Islamisation of Europe (SIOE),[15] as an activist of the Citizens' Movement Pax Europa (BPE),[6] and as a Pegida activist for the local Bagida,[7][16] and was in 2015 described as "the face of the Munich branch of Pegida", while leading a protest of 1,500 people.[1] As he in the past has spoken for up to eight hours a day, the city council has decided that he has to stop speaking for ten minutes each ten minutes.[13]
In September 2014, Stürzenberger stated to have collected 60,000 signatures against the Islamic centre of Imam Benjamin Idriz, far more than the 34,000 that was necessary to initiate a referendum in Munich.[17] The city council however rejected the signatures, claiming the citizens' request as inadmissible because the reasons used to collect signatures contained "a large number of incorrect factual claims and speculations". The city council also claimed the initiative was a violation of the freedom of belief guaranteed in the Basic Law, and adopted a resolution following the vote on the citizen's appeal entitled "Solidarity with Muslims in our city".[18]
Legal issues edit
In May 2013, Stürzenberger was acquitted for the charge of having shown a poster with an image and quote of Heinrich Himmler at a demonstration to prove the similarity between Nazism and Islam.[19] He was sentenced to a fine of 800 euros in July 2013 for insulting a police officer,[20] and to 2,500 euros in 2014 for calling Islam a "cancer" on the Politically Incorrect blog, for which he was acquitted in 2017.[21] He was sentenced to a four months conditional prison sentence and 960 euros in 2015 for saying that all Muslims are potential terrorists at a Pegida rally,[22] and to a suspended sentence of half a year in prison in November 2017 for sharing a photo on Facebook of a ranking Nazi shaking hands with the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem Amin al-Husseini.[23] In December 2017 he was sentenced to a fine of 2,400 euros at 120 daily rates for incitement to hatred, after he spoke of an "invasion" from the Islamic world at a Pegida event in 2015.[24]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e Ahmed, Akbar (2018). Journey into Europe: Islam, Immigration, and Identity. Brookings Institution. p. 438. ISBN 9780815727590.
- ^ Kastner, Bernd (14 April 2013). "Das gefährliche Gift des Hasses". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German).
- ^ Islamfeindlichkeit als verfassungsfeindliche Strömung (PDF). Bayerisches Staatsministerium des Innern (Report) (in German). 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2013.
- ^ "Michael Stürzenberger". bayern.diefreiheit.org (in German). 14 February 2014. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- ^ a b c Halser, Marlene (4 November 2013). "Islamfeindlichkeit in Deutschland: Der Anti-Muslim". Die Tageszeitung (in German).
- ^ a b Spöri, Alexander (26 April 2023). ""Islamhasser"-Netzwerk steht vor Zusammenbruch". t-online (in German).
- ^ a b Khamis, Sammy (3 February 2015). "Stürzenberger und Bagida: "Wer Deutschland nicht liebt ..."". BR 24 (in German).
- ^ Hartleb, Florian (2013). "Die Freiheit". In Decker, Frank (ed.). Handbuch der deutschen Parteien. Viola Neu. p. 196.
- ^ Speit, Andreas (16 April 2012). "Anti-Islam-Partei ohne Personal". Die Tageszeitung.
- ^ Hannus, Martha (2012). Counterjihadrörelsen– en del av den antimuslimska miljön (in Swedish). Expo Research. p. 93. Archived from the original on 1 November 2022.
- ^ Havertz, Ralf (2021). Radical Right Populism in Germany: AfD, Pegida, and the Identitarian Movement. Routledge. p. 31. ISBN 9781000368888.
- ^ Landtagswahl in Bayern 2013 (PDF) (Report) (in German). Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik. September 2013. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 November 2013.
- ^ a b Fritzsche, Julia (13 March 2014). "Islamhasser will in den Münchner Stadtrat". Deutschlandfunk (in German).
- ^ "Wahl des Oberbürgermeisters" (in German). Landeshauptstadt München. 17 March 2014.
- ^ "International counter-jihad organisations". Hope not Hate. 11 January 2018.
- ^ Kastner, Bernd (21 January 2015). "Islamhasser Michael Stürzenberger: Agitator für Bagida". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German).
- ^ Kastner, Bernd (18 September 2014). "60.000 Unterschriften gegen Moschee". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German).
- ^ Glas, Andreas (1 October 2014). "Stadtrat weist Islamfeinde in die Schranken". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German).
- ^ Kastner, Bernd (13 May 2013). "Keine Strafe für Himmler-Plakat". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German).
- ^ Rost, Christian (15 July 2013). ""Ach, leck mich doch am Arsch"". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German).
- ^ Baum, Thilo; Eckert, Frank (2018). Sind die Medien noch zu retten?: Das Handwerk der öffentlichen Kommunikation. Midas. pp. 256–257. ISBN 9783906010885.
- ^ "Pegida-Redner Stürzenberger in Graz verurteilt". Salzbburger Nachrichten (in German). 18 November 2015.
- ^ Colebatch, Hal G.P. (4 November 2017). "The new censorship". Spectator.
- ^ Malsch, Bodo (8 December 2017). "Nach Duisburger Pegida-Demo: Geldstrafe für Volksverhetzung". Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung (in German).