Michael A. Hammer (born December 26, 1963) is an American diplomat who is serving as the United States Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa as of 2022. A career member of the United States Foreign Service, Hammer previously served as the United States ambassador to Chile from 2014 to 2016 and the United States ambassador to the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 2018 to 2022.
Mike Hammer | |
|---|---|
 | |
| United States Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa | |
| Assumed office June 1, 2022[1] | |
| President | Joe Biden |
| Preceded by | David Satterfield |
| United States Ambassador to the Democratic Republic of the Congo | |
| In office December 22, 2018[2] – June 1, 2022 | |
| President | Donald Trump Joe Biden |
| Preceded by | James Swan |
| Succeeded by | Lucy Tamlyn |
| United States Ambassador to Chile | |
| In office April 8, 2014 – August 2016 | |
| President | Barack Obama |
| Deputy | Dale Eppler[3] |
| Preceded by | Alejandro Wolff |
| Succeeded by | Carol Perez |
| Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs | |
| In office March 14, 2011 – September 3, 2013 Acting: March 14, 2011 – March 30, 2012 | |
| President | Barack Obama |
| Preceded by | Philip Crowley |
| Succeeded by | Douglas Frantz |
| Personal details | |
| Born | December 26, 1963 Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Alma mater | Georgetown University (BS) Tufts University (MA) National Defense University (MA) |
Education edit
Born in Washington D.C., Hammer grew up in Latin America, living in Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil.[4] He received a bachelor's degree from Georgetown University's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, and master's degrees from The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University and the National War College at the National Defense University.
Career edit
Mike Hammer is a career member of the United States Senior Foreign Service. Hammer joined the Foreign Service in 1988 and has served abroad in Bolivia, Norway, Iceland, and Denmark. In Washington, he has served in the State Department's Operations Center and as Special Assistant to Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs Marc Grossman, where Hammer was responsible for Latin American affairs.[5] From 2012 to 2013, Hammer served as Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs. He served as Acting Assistant Secretary from 2011 to 2012.[5]
Hammer served as Special Assistant to the President, Senior Director for Press and Communications, and Spokesman at the National Security Council at the White House from 2009 to 2011. He also previously served at the National Security Council as Deputy Spokesman (from 1999 to 2000) and Director for Andean Affairs (from 2000 to 2001).[5]
On June 21, 2013, President Barack Obama nominated Hammer to be the United States Ambassador to the Republic of Chile. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 6, 2014, and sworn in the day after on March 7.[6]
He was nominated to be the next ambassador to the Democratic Republic of the Congo by President Donald Trump on June 20, 2018, and confirmed by the Senate on September 6, 2018.[7] On June 1, 2020, Hammer said he was "deeply disturbed" by the murder of George Floyd, and further stated that "Law enforcement must be held accountable worldwide. No one is above the law".[8]
On June 1, 2022, U.S Secretary of State Antony Blinken announced Mike Hammer as the new Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa under the Biden Administration, replacing David Satterfield.[9] In late July the same year, Hammer visited Egypt and Ethiopia to build relations and discuss the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam.[10][11] Throughout 2022, he also worked with Ethiopian and Tigrayan officials to negotiate an end to the Tigray War.[12][13][14] On November 2 (with Hammer acting as one of the mediators), a peace treaty was signed between the government of Ethiopia and the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), formally ending the war on November 3.[15][16][17]
In August 28, 2023, Hammer announced he would meet with Kenyan, Ethiopian, African Union and Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) officials to discuss ways to resolve a conflict in Sudan, which began earlier that year.[18]
Personal life edit
Hammer is married with three children. He speaks Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Icelandic.[5]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Heavey, Susan (June 1, 2022). "U.S. names new special envoy for Horn of Africa". Reuters.
- ^ "Ambassador Mike Hammer presents his credentials and assumes full duties as U.S. Ambassador to the DRC". U.S. Embassy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. December 22, 2018. Archived from the original on December 25, 2018. Retrieved December 24, 2018.
- ^ "Deputy Chief of Mission". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on May 23, 2015. Retrieved November 27, 2015.
- ^ "Hammer, Michael A." U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on April 4, 2011.
- ^ a b c d "President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts". whitehouse.gov. July 8, 2011. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2013 – via National Archives.
- ^ "Michael A. Hammer". U.S. Ambassador to Chile. U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on April 4, 2011. Retrieved March 22, 2014.
- ^ "PN2172 — Michael A. Hammer — Department of State". U.S. Congress. September 6, 2018. Archived from the original on September 7, 2018. Retrieved September 7, 2018.
- ^ Finnegan, Conor (June 2, 2020). "US diplomats struggle to navigate racial protests, Trump's messages, charges of hypocrisy". ABC News.
- ^ Kana, Tayo (June 1, 2022). "Blinken Announces Mike Hammer as New Special Envoy for Horn of Africa". Techscoops Nigeria - Fintech Africa News. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
- ^ Egypt, U. S. Mission (July 24, 2022). "Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa Mike Hammer's Travel to Egypt, the UAE, and Ethiopia". U.S. Embassy in Egypt. Retrieved August 4, 2022.
- ^ Egypt, U. S. Mission (July 27, 2022). "The United States is Committed to Egypt's Water Security and Advancing a Resolution on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam". U.S. Embassy in Egypt. Retrieved August 4, 2022.
- ^ "News: US Horn envoy due in Ethiopia, talks between federal, Tigray authorities, GERD main agenda". Addis Standard. July 25, 2022.
- ^ "Ethiopia peace talks enter day two in South Africa". France 24. October 26, 2022.
- ^ "Peace talks aimed at ending Ethiopia's deadly Tigray conflict begin in South Africa". CBC News. AP. October 25, 2022. Archived from the original on October 27, 2022.
- ^ Winning, Alexander; Cocks, Tim (November 2, 2022). "Parties in Ethiopia conflict agree to cease hostilities". Reuters.
- ^ "Ethiopia's gov't and Tigrayan forces agree to end two-year war". Al Jazeera. November 2, 2022.
- ^ "AU announces peace deal in Ethiopia's Tigray conflict". Deutsche Welle. November 2, 2022.
- ^ "US Special Envoy in Kenya to discuss Sudan conflict". Sudan Tribune. August 28, 2023.
External links edit
