The Receiver for the Metropolitan Police District, usually just known as the Receiver (and sometimes referred to early in the post's existence as the Receiver-General), was until 2000 the chief financial officer of the Metropolitan Police in London, the treasurer of the Metropolitan Police Fund.[1][2] He was always a civilian, not a police officer.
The Receiver's title came from the fact that his original role was to 'receive' money raised from the rates of the Metropolitan Police District's parishes.[3] In fact, the post of Receiver of Police predated the foundation of the Metropolitan Police in 1829, being created in 1792 to oversee the financial administration of the Bow Street Runners.[4]
The Receiver was appointed by the Crown.[5] All the property of the Metropolitan Police was technically owned by the holder of the post of Receiver, who had the legal status of a corporation sole.[6] All contracts were made in his name and all purchases, sales and contracts required his approval.[6] He had equal status with the Commissioners. This had the advantage that the police, holding no property themselves, were protected from accusations of corruption. In 1839, the Receiver also became responsible for the administration of the police courts.[7]
The system started to break down after the retirement of the first Receiver, John Wray, in 1860. Wray had worked well with the Commissioners, but his successors had increasingly bad relations with them, despite the Metropolitan Police Act 1861 further codifying the role of Receiver. This came to a head under Commissioner Sir Charles Warren, a soldier who was accustomed to exercising full authority, and intensely disliked having to clear every decision with a bureaucrat who had equal standing to himself.[8] Conflict continued sporadically until 1968, when it was finally decided to make the Receiver and the Receiver's Department subordinate to the Commissioner. From then on, the Receiver was considered equal in rank to the Deputy Commissioner.
By the end of the 20th century, the Receiver also held the title of Director of Finance and had become responsible for the Finance, Property Services, and Technology Departments of the force. With the consent of the Home Secretary, he could issue precepts on the local authorities within the Metropolitan Police District in order to finance the force. He also had responsibility for the finance, and some other services, of the Inner London Magistrates' Court Service and the Inner London Probation Service.
In July 2000, with the introduction of the Metropolitan Police Authority and the removal of responsibility for the Metropolitan Police from the Home Secretary, the post of Receiver was abolished and replaced with a Director of Resources. Keith Luck was the first person to hold the new post, from 2000 to 2006. The Director of Resources from June 2007 has been Anne McMeel.
Receivers edit
- John Wray, 1829–1860
- Maurice Drummond, 1860–1883
- Sir Richard Pennefather, 1883–1909
- George Tripp, 1910–1919
- Sir John Moylan, 1919–1942
- Sir Frederic Johnson, 1942–1952
- Sir Joseph Baker, 1952–1960
- William Cornish, 1961–1967
- Kenneth Parker, 1967–1974
- Ronald Guppy, 1974–1976
- Richard James, 1977–1980
- Alexander Gordon-Brown, 1980–1987
- David Hilary, 1987–1992
- Graham Angel, 1992–1996
- Philip Fletcher, 1996–2000
References edit
- ^ "The Receiver of Police", pp. 253–278, J. F. Moylan, Scotland Yard and the Metropolitan Police, 1929
- ^ Martin Fido and Keith Skinner, The Official Encyclopedia of Scotland Yard, 1999
- ^ Oliver, Ian (1987). Police, Government and Accountability. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan Limited. p. 181. ISBN 9781349185573.
- ^ Sir Basil Thomson, The Story of Scotland Yard, 1935
- ^ Hart, Jenifer M. (1951), The British Police, Taylor & Francis, pp. 118–119, ISBN 978-1-000-85439-8
- ^ a b Halsbury, Earl of (1952). Halsbury's Laws of England vol.30. Butterworth. pp. 69–71.
- ^ Stone, John (1839). The Metropolitan Police Manual, containing a Practical Treatise upon the Acts for Establishing and for Regulating the Police Courts in the Metropolis, etc". Shaw & Sons. pp. 22–32.
- ^ Pellew, Jill (1982). The Home Office, 1848-1914, from clerks to bureaucrats. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0838631652.