This article needs to be updated. (March 2022) |
The Magistrale for Europe[1][2] (German: Magistrale für Europa;[3] French: Magistrale européenne[4]) or Main line for Europe[citation needed] is a Trans-European Transport Networks (TEN-T) project for the creation of a high-speed railway line between Paris and Bratislava, with a branch-off to Budapest.[1] It was listed as TEN project No. 17 (Paris—Bratislava) by the European Commission in 1995, and is already under way.[5]
The project is planned to be completed by 2020. It will link 34 million people in five European countries. The overall length of the route from Paris to Budapest is 1,592 km (989 mi).
Sections edit
Parts of the route were formerly served by Orient Express trains, which ceased operations in 2009. Today TGV rail connections exist from Paris to Stuttgart or at longest Munich. The Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) currently provide direct Railjet and EuroNight connections between Munich and Budapest in addition to direct Nightjet connection between Vienna and Paris since December 2021.
France edit
The French part of the line is the LGV Est européenne high-speed railway. Its first section as far as Baudrecourt east of Metz has been in use since 2007 whilst the second section to Vendenheim near Strasbourg opened in July 2016.[6] The new railway line provides a maximum speed up to 320 km/h (199 mph) and reduced the travel time from Gare de Paris-Est to the largely refurbished Gare de Strasbourg to less than two hours.[4]
Germany edit
In Germany, the line follows the Appenweier–Strasbourg railway (Europabahn) from the Rhine Bridge to Appenweier and then the Mannheim–Karlsruhe–Basel railway (Rheintalbahn) down to Bruchsal. The Europabahn is built for a maximum speed of 200 km/h (124 mph), while the Rheintalbahn to Rastatt Süd is for 250 km/h (155 mph). The second part of the new Rheintalbahn (Rastatt Süd to Bruchsal) is to be completed by 2014[needs update]. At the Bruchsal Rollenberg junction the MoE joins the Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed railway which was built for 250 km/h (155 mph). Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof is currently being rebuilt (scheduled for completion in 2025) as a through station in the course of the controversial Stuttgart 21 project.[2] Despite some protests, a 2011 statewide referendum upheld the majority support and thus the political decision to rebuild the station and let the Magistrale for Europe project proceed.[2]
In Stuttgart, the line joins the Stuttgart–Augsburg new and upgraded railway (including the Stuttgart–Wendlingen and Wendlingen–Ulm high-speed railway lines replacing the Fils Valley Railway), which Wendlingen- Ulm section is completed at the end of 2022 and provides a maximum speed of 250 km/h (155 mph) between Stuttgart and Ulm and 200 km/h (124 mph) on the Ulm–Augsburg railway line. The Munich–Augsburg railway is being upgraded to separate slower traffic (freight and short-distance trains) from high speed trains, which will be able to reach 230 km/h (143 mph). From München-Pasing station trains may run directly to München Ost without passing München Hauptbahnhof. Plans for the reconstruction of the Munich main station similar to Stuttgart 21 have been abandoned.
Trains from München Ost shall reach Salzburg Hauptbahnhof via the upgraded Munich–Mühldorf railway, providing a maximum speed of 160 km/h (99 mph), and the Mühldorf–Freilassing railway line. In Freilassing the MoE joins the Rosenheim–Salzburg railway leading across the Austrian border including a new third track serving the Salzburg S-Bahn commuter network.
Austria edit
In Austria, the Western Railway line is to be extended to reduce travel time between Munich, Salzburg, Linz, and Vienna to one hour each. The section between the Attnang-Puchheim rail hub and Wels Hauptbahnhof near Linz was already upgraded until October 2012 to provide a maximum speed of 230 km/h (143 mph). Between Linz and Vienna a new parallel high-speed railway line (Neue Westbahn) for a maximum speed of 250 km/h (155 mph) is to be completed in 2015, including the Wienerwald Tunnel.
In Vienna, the former Südbahnhof terminal station was demolished and replaced by new Wien Hauptbahnhof. From here, trains run on the Eastern Railway line to Bratislava-Petržalka railway station, including a connection to Vienna International Airport. East of Vienna, a southeastern branch-off leads via Győr to Budapest.
Route edit
| Section | Distance | Opening | Duration before1 | Recent duration1 | Planned duration1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paris–Strasbourg | 476 km | Paris–Baudrecourt 2007 | 237 min (ø 121 km/h) | 110 min (ø 260 km/h) | - | ||
| Baudrecourt–Vendenheim 2016 | |||||||
| Strasbourg–Karlsruhe | 81 km | a portion (Appenweier-Karlsruhe) is in use now | 40 min (ø 122 km/h) | 25 min (ø 194 km/h) | |||
| Karlsruhe–Stuttgart | 90 km | in use | 61 min (ø 89 km/h) | 35 min (ø 154 km/h) | 35 min (ø 154 km/h) | ||
| Stuttgart–Ulm | 94 km today | 2022[3] | 54 min (ø 104 km/h) | 28 min (ø 174 km/h) | |||
| 81 km new | |||||||
| Ulm–Augsburg | 86 km | 2025[3] | 41 min (ø 126 km/h) | 26 min (ø 198 km/h) | |||
| Augsburg–Munich | 61 km | 2011 | 37 min (ø 99 km/h) | 18 min (ø 203 km/h) | |||
| Munich–Salzburg | 153 km | Munich–Freilassing 2015 | 87 min (ø 106 km/h) | 62 min (ø 148 km/h) | |||
| Freilassing–Salzburg 2009 | |||||||
| Salzburg–Linz | 127 km | Salzburg–Attnang-Puchheim 2013 | 64 min (ø 119 km/h) | 60 min (ø 127 km/h) | |||
| Attnang-Puchheim–Wels 2011 | |||||||
| Wels–Linz 2025 | |||||||
| Linz–St. Pölten | 130 km | 2021 | 48 min (ø 163 km/h) | 44 min (ø 177 km/h) | |||
| St.Pölten-Vienna | 44 km | 2012 | 41 min (ø 64 km/h) | 25 min (ø 106 km/h) | |||
| Vienna–Budapest | 263 km | 181 min (ø 87 km/h) | |||||
| Vienna–Bratislava | northern line 65 km | 2011 | 57 min (ø 68 km/h) | 35 min (ø 111 km/h) | |||
| southern line 80 km | 2013 | 55 min (ø 87 km/h) | |||||
| total: | |||||||
| Paris–Budapest | 1592 km | 722 min (12:02)1 2 (ø 132 km/h) | 614 min (10:14)1 2 (ø 155 km/h) | ||||
| Paris–Bratislava (northern line) | 1394 km | 598 min (9:58)1 2 (ø 140 km/h) | 468 min (7:40)1 2 (ø 178 km/h) | ||||
| Paris–Bratislava (southern line) | 1409 km | 488 min (8:08)1 2 (ø 173 km/h) | |||||
| Paris–Munich | 875 km | 484 min (8:04)1 2 (ø 108 km/h) | 317 min (5:17) 1 (ø 166 km/h) | 242 min (4:02) 1 (ø 216 km/h) | |||
1 It is calculated with the fastest possible durations between the towns.
2 Real duration is longer due to changing.
Source: annual report 2006/07 of Péter Balázs
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b Bruinsma, Frank, ed. (2007). Railway Development: Impacts on Urban Dynamics. Heidelberg: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 72. ISBN 9783790819724. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
- ^ a b c Kaw, Jon Kher, ed. (2020). The Hidden Wealth of Cities: Creating, Financing, and Managing Public Spaces. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Publications. p. 98. ISBN 9781464814938. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
- ^ a b c Florian Fuchs and Claudia Henzler (24 October 2019). "Im Schneckentempo zur Schnellfahrstrecke". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). Retrieved 20 June 2020.
- ^ a b Charles Gautier (24 March 2017). "Ces projets français réalisés grâce aux aides européennes". Le Figaro (in French). Retrieved 20 June 2020.
- ^ "TEN-T priority axes and projects 2005" (PDF). Trans-European Transport Network. European Commission. 2005. (14.4 MB, axis No 17, p44)
- ^ "Finanzierungsvereinbarung für 2. Phase der LGV Est unterzeichnet" (in German). Archived from the original on 2010-05-24. Retrieved 2011-07-16.