Wikipedia

List of terms referring to an average person

(Redirected from List of terms related to an average person)

The following is a list of terms referring to an average person. Many are used as placeholder names.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Unsorted edit

By culture edit

Arab world edit

Fulān (male: ‏فلان‎), Fulāna (female: فلانة)[2]

Australia edit

Austria edit

  • Hans Meier / Maier / Mayer[3]
  • Herr und Frau Österreicher (Mr and Mrs Austrian)[4]

Belgium (Dutch) edit

Czechia edit

  • Jan Novák ("John/Jon Newman"), Jana Nováková ("Jane Newman"); the most common Czech name and surname[citation needed]
  • Otakar Všudybyl ("Ottokar Waseverywhere")[5] and Jana Zcestovalá ("Jane Welltraveled"),[6] used on travelcards or ID cards samples
  • BFU (Běžný Franta Uživatel, "Basic User Frank"), meaning "brain free user"[7]

Denmark edit

Estonia edit

Finland edit

  • Matti Meikäläinen (male, literally "our Matti"), Maija Meikäläinen (female, literally "our Maija")[13]

France edit

  • Usable as a common word: Pierre-Paul-Jacques (with the meaning of "Someone");[14]
  • Random people (similar to Average John/Jane): Monsieur/Madame Tout-le-monde[citation needed] (Mr/Mrs Everyone), Untel/Unetelle (Mr/Mrs NoName),[15] Madame Michu (only female),[16] (M./Mme) Tartempion (familiar and little satirical);[17]
  • Other:
    • (M./Mme) Machin/Machine (familiar terms, used when one does not take the pain to find another term);[18]
    • (Un) Gazier originally, a man who worked in gas transport; nowadays, it is a familiar term to tell "Someone" (mostly for a man, this term is rare for women, and in such a case, the correct orthography is "Gazière").[19]
    • (Un) Quidam: someone whose identity is unknown or cannot be disclosed.[20]

See also fr:wikt:Tartempion#Synonymes

Germany edit

  • Max Mustermann (Max Sample Man, for men), Erika Mustermann (Erika Sample Man, for women), used as a placeholder name in official documents, ID samples etc. since 1978. More recently, other first names have also been used in specific context, such as Leon Mustermann (sample children's passport),[21] Cleopâtre Mustermann (sample travel document for foreigners),[22] or Manu Musterperson (Manu Sample Person, as a gender-neutral form).[23]

Greater China edit

Mainland China edit

  • 劉一 (pinyin: Líu Yī), 陳二 (Chén Èr), 張三 (Zhāng Sān), 李四 (Lǐ Sì), 王五 (Wáng Wǔ), 趙六 (Zhào Lìu), 孫七 (Sūn Qī), 周八 (Zhōu Bā), 吳九 (Wǔ Jiǔ), 鄭十 (Zhèng Shí), all following the scheme of a common surname followed by a number
  • 冬冬 (Dōngdōng), 妞妞 (Niǔniǔ), 妮妮 (Níní) for children[25][26]

Hong Kong edit

  • 陳大文 (Jyutping: can4 daai6 man4) (male) and 陳小美 (Jyutping: can4 siu2 mei5) (female)
  • 樂永晴 (Jyutping: lok6 wing5 cing4) or Lok Wing Ching, the name currently used on the sample identity card.[27]

Taiwan edit

  • 志明 (pinyin: Zhìmíng, POJ: Chì-bêng) (male) and 春嬌 (pinyin: Chūnjiāo, POJ: Chhun-kiau) (female)

India edit

Israel edit

Italy edit

  • Mario Rossi,[29] a very common name
  • Pinco Pallino,[30] a made up name
  • Tal dei Tali,[31] a made up name with the meaning of "Guy of the Guys"
  • Signor Nessuno [32] ("Mr. Nobody")
  • "Tizio,[33] Caio[34] e Sempronio[35]" equivalent to "Tom, Dick and Harry". Originated from Tiberius, Gaius and Sempronius Gracchus.

Japan edit

Malaysia edit

Netherlands edit

Norway edit

  • Ola Nordmann (male), Kari Nordmann (female), common Norwegian first names and a surname that literally translates to "Norwegian"

Philippines edit

Poland edit

  • Jan Kowalski (male), Anna Kowalska (female), the second most common Polish surname.
  • For a broader representation of average Poles "Kowalski" may be grouped with some other common surnames, such as Nowak (the most common Polish surname), Malinowski, or Wiśniewski: "Imagine our neighbors, the Kowalskis or Nowaks, who earn PLN 100 less per month than we do".[39]
  • Iksiński a surname formed in accordance with the rules of creating Polish surnames with the common suffix -ski/-ska, but the basis for its creation was the letter X (pronounced "iks" in Polish), which is used to denote unknowns (e.g. in mathematical operations). It is used especially in situations where one wants to emphasise that the person one is talking about is not anyone in particular or that the identity of that person cannot be given.[40][41] When talking about another such person in a single utterance, one can use the surname Igrekowski,[42] which is derived from the letter Y (pronounced in Polish as "igrek"). Both surnames also have female forms, Iksińska and Igrekowska respectively. No living Polish citizen bears these surnames (as of 2024).[43][44][45][46]

Portugal edit

  • Fulano (from Arabic), Sicrano (unknown etymology), Beltrano (from given name Beltrão)[47] "Fulano, Sicrano e Beltrano" equivalent to "Tom, Dick and Harry"

Romania edit

  • Cutărescu, general term used in order to avoid a specific surname; a no-name [48]

Russia edit

Common placeholder first names in Russia are Ivan and Pyotr, due to their commonality. Their placeholder function may be seen in old Russian textbooks: in arithmetical problems or sentences to illustrate grammar.[49]

For a group of average persons or to stress the randomness of a selection, a triple common Russian surnames are used together in the same context: "Ivanov, Petrov, or Sidorov". This is a relatively new phenomenon that was unknown in the early 20th century. Ivanov, being derived from the most common first name, is a placeholder for an arbitrary person. In its plural form, "Ivanovs", it may be used as a placeholder for a group of people.[49] There is a military joke: The sergeant asks the rookies: "Your surnames!" - "Ivanov!", "Petrov!", "Sidorov!" - "Are you brothers?" - "No, we are namesakes, sir!"[50]

Spain edit

  • Fulano, from Arabic, Mengano, Zutano. "Fulano, Mengano y Zutano" equivalent to "Tom, Dick and Harry"

Sweden edit

  • Svensson (a common surname) or Medelsvensson (literally "middle/average Svensson")[51][52]

Thailand edit

  • Somchai (common name for male – literally meaning "appropriate for a man"), Somsri (common, if somewhat dated, name for female), Sommai (common names of either gender), nai-gor (นาย ก equivalent to 'Mr. A')[53]

United Kingdom edit

United States edit

 
Social Security card featuring John Q. Public

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Cambridge Dictionary - Normie". Cambridge Dictionary.
  2. ^ "نذكرها كثيراً في أحاديثنا.. ما هو "فلان" أو "فلانة"؟". العربية. March 17, 2018.
  3. ^ "Max Mustermann - es gibt ihn wirklich" [Max Mustermann - he actually exists]. 23 November 2020.
  4. ^ "Ernährungsfehler von Herrn und Frau Österreicher" [Unhealthy Food Habits Of Mr and Mrs Austrian]. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04.
  5. ^ "Od 1. 6. 2020 je možné vydat LP na doklad pacienta | Elektronické preskripce". www.epreskripce.cz. Retrieved 2023-09-22.
  6. ^ "In Karta - Dospělý 26 let a starší | České dráhy". www.cd.cz.
  7. ^ Petr Krčmář. "Po stopách BFU". www.root.cz. Retrieved 2024-03-23.
  8. ^ "hr. og fru Danmark". Den Danske Ordbog (in Danish). Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  9. ^ "Tøser, autister og hr. og fru Hakkebøf". Politiken (in Danish). Politiken. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
  10. ^ "Monika Salumaa: tõeliselt igav, kui kõik oleksid ühe näo ja teoga". Tervise Arengu Instituut. 2023-02-27. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  11. ^ "Roosi tn näituse "Silmside" avamine". Eesti Rahva Muuseum (in Estonian). 2018-06-15. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  12. ^ "Sakala 11 juuli 2020". DIGAR Eesti artiklid (in Estonian). 2020-07-11. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  13. ^ Milburn, Trudy (2015). Communicating User Experience: Applying Local Strategies Research to Digital Media Design. Lexington Books. p. 134. ISBN 978-1-4985-0614-4.
  14. ^ "Pierre, Paul ou Jacques en français & son équivalent anglais | Yolaine Bodin". Yolaine Bodin. 16 February 2017.
  15. ^ "Untel : Définition simple et facile du dictionnaire". www.linternaute.fr. 4 January 2021.
  16. ^ "Madame Michu (Définition)".
  17. ^ "Tartempion (Définition)".
  18. ^ "MACHIN : Définition de MACHIN".
  19. ^ "Définitions : Gazier - Dictionnaire de français Larousse".
  20. ^ "QUIDAM - Définition de QUIDAM".
  21. ^ "BGBl. 2007 I S. 2386, 2411" (PDF). www.bgbl.de.
  22. ^ "Zweite Verordnung zur Änderung der Passverordnung sowie zur Änderung der Aufenthaltsverordnung vom 15. Februar 2017, Anlage 1 (zu Artikel 1), BGBl. I S. 162, Anlagen D4c, D7a, D8a" (PDF). www.bgbl.de.
  23. ^ "Gender-Regeln: Berliner Beamte sollen ihre Pronomen angeben". Berliner Zeitung. February 5, 2023.
  24. ^ "小明". 24 March 2024.
  25. ^ Zhang, Dongmei (2009). "《明确意义再计算》". 数学小灵通：小学3-4年级版 (in Simplified Chinese) (6). Shenyang: 辽宁北方教育报刊出版有限公司: 5–6, 16. ISSN 1009-0320. 晚上，李老师来到咚咚家，耐心地给他辅导今天所讲的内容。有一块蛋糕，妮妮吃了3/8，妞妞吃了4/8[……]
  26. ^ Hou, Wenjun (2020). "《打破父母对孩子的"完美幻想"》". 婚姻与家庭：家庭教育版 (in Simplified Chinese) (2). 北京市: 中国婚姻家庭研究会、中国妇女杂志社: 41. ISSN 1003-2991.
  27. ^ 智能身份證, 24 March 2024
  28. ^ "Boaz and Ploni Almoni | Yeshivat Har Etzion". etzion.org.il. Retrieved 2023-06-26.
  29. ^ Waldman, Katy (2015-03-20). "Are You a John Q. Public or a Joe Blow?". Slate Magazine. Retrieved 2021-06-20.
  30. ^ "pinco¹ in Vocabolario - Treccani". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-06-20.
  31. ^ "tale in Vocabolario - Treccani". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-06-20.
  32. ^ "nessuno, signor nessuno - Dizionario italiano-francese | WordReference.com". www.wordreference.com (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-06-20.
  33. ^ "Tìzio in Vocabolario - Treccani". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-06-20.
  34. ^ "Càio in Vocabolario - Treccani". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-06-20.
  35. ^ "Semprònio in Vocabolario - Treccani". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-06-20.
  36. ^ Times, New Straits (2020-03-27). "'Makcik Kiah' is famous now but who is she? | New Straits Times". NST Online. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  37. ^ "Mak Cik Kiah peniaga pisang goreng dah boleh senyum sikit..." Sinarharian (in Malay). 2020-03-27. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  38. ^ Chung, Esther (28 March 2020). "We Are All Makcik Kiah, And Her Family Is Our Family | TRP". www.therakyatpost.com/. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  39. ^ Mariusz Rutkowski [pl], "PRZECIĘTNY KOWALSKI. UWAGI O KONOTACJACH I MEDIALNYCH WYSTĄPIENIACH JEDNOSTKI ONIMICZNEJ", Zeszyty Naukowe KUL, vol 58, no. 3 (231), 2015, pp. 3-9.
  40. ^ Wielki Słownik Języka Polskiego PAN. "Iksiński - Wielki słownik języka polskiego PAN". wsjp.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  41. ^ "Iksiński – Słownik języka polskiego PWN". sjp.pwn.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  42. ^ "Igrekowski – Dobry słownik języka polskiego i poradnia językowa". DobrySłownik.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  43. ^ "Otwarte Dane". dane.gov.pl. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  44. ^ "Otwarte Dane". dane.gov.pl. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  45. ^ "Otwarte Dane". dane.gov.pl. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  46. ^ "Otwarte Dane". dane.gov.pl. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  47. ^ "De onde vêm os termos Fulano, Beltrano e Sicrano?". September 27, 2016.
  48. ^ "Cutărescu - definiție și paradigmă". March 26, 2024.
  49. ^ a b "Иванов, Петров, Сидоров..." "Чужое имя", Kanun Almanac [Альманах Канун]. St.Petersburg. 2001. pp. 273–293. Archived from the original on 2012-12-25.
  50. ^ Akhmadeev, Alim (July 3, 2020). "ИВАНОВ, ПЕТРОВ, СИДОРОВ". Istoki.
  51. ^ Ehn, Billy; Frykman, Jonas; Löfgren, Orvar (1995). Försvenskningen av Sverige: det nationellas förvandlingar (2. tryckn ed.). Stockholm: Natur och Kultur. p. 70. ISBN 978-91-27-03285-9.
  52. ^ "svensson | SAOB" (in Swedish). Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  53. ^ "นาย ก". thai-language. Retrieved 2018-12-20.
  54. ^ "Smart Meters Bill (Third sitting) - Hansard - UK Parliament".
  55. ^ "Outraged of Tunbridge Wells, Edited by Nigel Cawthorne - Review". The Independent. 2013-12-08. Retrieved 2020-06-13.
  56. ^ Roberts, Sam (2023-08-28). "Samuel Wurzelbacher, Celebrated as 'Joe the Plumber,' Dies at 49". The New York Times. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  57. ^ "Who was the real Pvt. Joe Snuffy?". DVIDS.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_terms_referring_to_an_average_person&oldid=1219161699"