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List of offshore wind farms

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This article is about offshore wind farms. For onshore wind farms, see List of onshore wind farms. For more complete lists, see Lists of offshore wind farms.

This article lists the largest offshore wind farms that are currently operational rated by nameplate capacity. It also lists the largest offshore wind farms currently under construction, the largest proposed offshore wind farms, and offshore wind farms with notability other than size.

Four offshore wind farms are in the Thames Estuary area: Kentish Flats, Gunfleet Sands, Thanet and London Array. The latter was largest in the world.
Map
Offshore wind farm locations

As of 2022, Hornsea 2 in the United Kingdom is the largest offshore wind farm in the world at 1,386 MW.[1]

Largest operational offshore wind farms Edit

See also: Lists of offshore wind farms by country

This is a list of offshore wind farms with at least 350 MW nameplate capacity that are currently operational.

Wind farm Location Coordinates Capacity
(MW) 		Turbines
number 		Turbines
model 		Commissioning
date 		Refs
Hornsea Project Two United Kingdom 53°54′36.0″N 1°33′6.5″E / 53.910000°N 1.551806°E / 53.910000; 1.551806 (Hornsea Project Two (1368 MW)) 1,386 165 Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD 2022 [2][3]
Hornsea Project One United Kingdom 53°53′6″N 1°47′28″E / 53.88500°N 1.79111°E / 53.88500; 1.79111 (Hornsea Project One (1218 MW)) 1,218 174 Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 2019 [4][5]
Moray East United Kingdom 58°10′1.49″N 2°41′54.67″W / 58.1670806°N 2.6985194°W / 58.1670806; -2.6985194 (Moray East (950 MW)) 950 100 MHI Vestas V164 9.5 MW 2022 [6]
Triton Knoll United Kingdom 53°24′N 0°54′E / 53.400°N 0.900°E / 53.400; 0.900 (Triton Knoll (857 MW)) 857 90 MHI Vestas 9.5 MW 2021 [7][8]
Borssele I & II Netherlands 51°42′10″N 3°4′34″E / 51.70278°N 3.07611°E / 51.70278; 3.07611 (Borssele I & II (752 MW)) 752 94 Siemens Gamesa 8MW 2020 [9][10]
Borssele III & IV Netherlands 51°42′25.2″N 2°54′44.6″E / 51.707000°N 2.912389°E / 51.707000; 2.912389 (Borssele III & IV (731.5 MW)) 731.5 77 MHI Vestas V164 9.5MW 2021 [11][12]
East Anglia ONE United Kingdom 52°39′57″N 2°17′44″E / 52.66583°N 2.29556°E / 52.66583; 2.29556 (East Anglia ONE (714 MW)) 714 102 Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 2020 [13][14]
Walney Extension United Kingdom 54°2′38.4″N 3°31′19.2″W / 54.044000°N 3.522000°W / 54.044000; -3.522000 (Walney Extension (659 MW)) 659 40+47 MHI-Vestas 8.25 MW
Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154		 2018 [15]
London Array United Kingdom 51°38′38″N 01°33′13″E / 51.64389°N 1.55361°E / 51.64389; 1.55361 (London Array (630 MW)) 630 175 Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-120 2013 [16][17][18]
Kriegers Flak Denmark 55°3′46″N 13°0′17″E / 55.06278°N 13.00472°E / 55.06278; 13.00472 (Kriegers Flak (605 MW)) 605 72 Siemens Gamesa SWT-8.4-167 2021 [19][20]
Gemini Wind Farm Netherlands 54°2′9.6″N 5°57′46.8″E / 54.036000°N 5.963000°E / 54.036000; 5.963000 (Gemini Wind Farm (600 MW)) 600 150 Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0 2017 [21][22][23][24]
Beatrice United Kingdom 58°7′48″N 3°4′12″W / 58.13000°N 3.07000°W / 58.13000; -3.07000 (Beatrice Wind Farm (588 MW)) 588 84 Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 2019 [25]
Gode Wind (phases 1+2) Germany 54°3′0″N 7°1′48″E / 54.05000°N 7.03000°E / 54.05000; 7.03000 (Gode Wind I+II (582 MW)) 582 97 Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 2017 [26][27]
Gwynt y Môr United Kingdom 53°27′N 3°35′W / 53.450°N 3.583°W / 53.450; -3.583 (Gwynt y Môr (576 MW)) 576 160 Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-107 2015 [28]
Race Bank United Kingdom 53°16′30″N 0°50′0″E / 53.27500°N 0.83333°E / 53.27500; 0.83333 (Race Bank (573 MW)) 573 91 Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 2018 [29][30]
Greater Gabbard United Kingdom 51°52′48″N 1°56′24″E / 51.88000°N 1.94000°E / 51.88000; 1.94000 (Greater Gabbard wind farm (504 MW)) 504 140 Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-107 2012 [31][32][33]
Jiangsu Qidong H1+H2 China 32°7′12″N 122°9′36″E / 32.12000°N 122.16000°E / 32.12000; 122.16000 (Jiangsu Qidong H1+H2 (503 MW)) 503 84 Shanghai Electric 2021 [34][35]
CGN Shanwei Jiazi I China 22°36′05″N 116°05′07″E / 22.6015°N 116.0854°E / 22.6015; 116.0854 (CGN Shanwei Jiazi I (503 MW)) 503 78 MySE6.45-180 2022 [36]
Jieyang Shenquan II China 22°40′02″N 116°18′58″E / 22.6673°N 116.3162°E / 22.6673; 116.3162 (Jieyang Shenquan II (502 MW)) 502 34+16 Shanghai Electric 2022 [37]
Shandong Bozhong B2 China 38°16′26″N 118°55′21″E / 38.2739°N 118.9225°E / 38.2739; 118.9225 (Shandong Bozhong B2 (501.5 MW)) 501.5 59 2023 [38]
Shandong Bozhong A China 38°18′01″N 118°32′26″E / 38.3003°N 118.5405°E / 38.3003; 118.5405 (Shandong Bozhong A (501 MW)) 501 60 CSIC Haizhuang H220-8.35 2022 [39]
Huadian Yangjiang Qingzhou III China 20°58′12″N 111°36′29″E / 20.9699°N 111.6080°E / 20.9699; 111.6080 (Huadian Yangjiang Qingzhou III (500.6 MW)) 500.6 37+30 MySE6.8-158
MySE8.3-180 		2022 [40]
CGN Shanwei Houhu China 22°42′55″N 116°03′30″E / 22.7152°N 116.0582°E / 22.7152; 116.0582 (CGN Shanwei Houhu (500.5 MW)) 500.5 91 MingYang MySE5.5-155 2021 [41]
Hohe See Germany 54°26′N 6°19′E / 54.433°N 6.317°E / 54.433; 6.317 (Hohe See (497 MW)) 497 71 Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 2019 [42]
Saint-Brieuc France 48°51′36″N 2°32′6″W / 48.86000°N 2.53500°W / 48.86000; -2.53500 (Saint-Brieuc Wind Farm (496 MW)) 496 62 Siemens Gamesa SG 8.0-167 DD 2023 [43][44][45]
Saint-Nazaire [fr] France 47°9′38″N 2°37′36″W / 47.16056°N 2.62667°W / 47.16056; -2.62667 (Saint-Nazaire Wind Farm (480 MW)) 480 80 GE Haliade 150-6MW 2022 [46]
Borkum Riffgrund 2 Germany 53°56′49″N 6°29′7″E / 53.94694°N 6.48528°E / 53.94694; 6.48528 (Borkum Riffgrund 2 (450 MW)) 450 56 MHI Vestas V164-8.0 MW 2019 [47]
Horns Rev 3 Denmark 55°41′49″N 7°40′9″E / 55.69694°N 7.66917°E / 55.69694; 7.66917 (Horns Rev 3 (407 MW)) 407 49 MHI Vestas V164-8.3 MW 2019 [48]
CGN Shanwei Jiazi II China 22°37′15″N 116°09′48″E / 22.6209°N 116.1632°E / 22.6209; 116.1632 (CGN Shanwei Jiazi II (403 MW)) 403 62 MySE6.45-180 2022 [36][49]
Dudgeon United Kingdom 53°14′56.4″N 1°23′24.0″E / 53.249000°N 1.390000°E / 53.249000; 1.390000 (Dudgeon Offshore Wind Farm (402 MW)) 402 67 Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 2017 [50]
Veja Mate Germany 54°40′N 6°10′E / 54.667°N 6.167°E / 54.667; 6.167 (Veja Mate Wind Farm (402 MW)) 402 67 Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 2017 [51][52]
CGN Yangjiang Nanpeng Island China 21°28′13″N 112°15′16″E / 21.4702°N 112.2545°E / 21.4702; 112.2545 (CGN Yangjiang Nanpeng Island (401.5 MW)) 401.5 73 Mingyang MY-5.5 MW 2020 [53][54]
Anholt Denmark 56°36′0″N 11°12′36″E / 56.60000°N 11.21000°E / 56.60000; 11.21000 (Anholt Offshore Wind Farm (400 MW)) 400 111 Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-120 2013 [55][56][57][58]
BARD Offshore 1 Germany 54°21′30″N 5°58′30″E / 54.35833°N 5.97500°E / 54.35833; 5.97500 (BARD Offshore 1 (400 MW)) 400 80 BARD 5.0MW 2013 [59][60][61]
Global Tech I [de] Germany 54°30′0″N 6°21′30″E / 54.50000°N 6.35833°E / 54.50000; 6.35833 (Global Tech I (400 MW)) 400 80 Areva Multibrid M5000 5.0MW 2015 [62]
Rampion United Kingdom 50°39′53″N 0°16′44″W / 50.66472°N 0.27889°W / 50.66472; -0.27889 (Rampion (400 MW)) 400 116 MHI Vestas V112-3.45 MW 2018 [63]
Binhai North H2 China 34°30′00″N 120°20′00″E / 34.50000°N 120.33333°E / 34.50000; 120.33333 (Binhai North Wind) 400 100 Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-120 2018 [64]
CTGNE Yangjiang Shapa - phase II China 21°19′05″N 111°29′18″E / 21.3180°N 111.4882°E / 21.3180; 111.4882 (CTGNE Yangjiang Shapa - phase II (400 MW)) 400 62 Mingyang MySE6.45-180 2021 [65][66]
Rudong H6 China 400 100 Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 2021 [67][65]
Rudong H10 China 400 100 Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 2021 [68][65]
SPIC Rudong H7 China 400 100 Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 2021 [69]
SPIC Rudong H4 China 400 100 Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 2021 [70]
Merkur Germany 54°2′N 6°33′E / 54.033°N 6.550°E / 54.033; 6.550 396 66 GE Haliade 150-6 MW 2019 [71]
West of Duddon Sands United Kingdom 53°59′02″N 3°27′50″W / 53.98389°N 3.46389°W / 53.98389; -3.46389 (West of Duddon Sands) 389 108 Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-120 2014 [72][73]
Arkona [de] Germany 54°46′55.200″N 14°7′15.600″E / 54.78200000°N 14.12100000°E / 54.78200000; 14.12100000 385 60 Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 2019 [74][75]
Windpark Fryslân [nl] Netherlands 53°0′0.000″N 5°16′0.001″E / 53.00000000°N 5.26666694°E / 53.00000000; 5.26666694 382 89 Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.3-130 2021 [76][77]
Formosa II Taiwan 376 47 Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD 2023 [78][79]
Norther Offshore Wind Farm Belgium 51°31′40″N 3°1′55″E / 51.52778°N 3.03194°E / 51.52778; 3.03194 370 44 Vestas V164-8.4 MW 2019
Walney
(phases 1&2)		 United Kingdom 54°02′38″N 3°31′19″W / 54.04389°N 3.52194°W / 54.04389; -3.52194 (Walney Wind Farm) 367 102 Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-107 2011 (phase 1)
2012 (phase 2)		 [80][81]
Galloper United Kingdom 51°52′48″N 1°56′24″E / 51.88000°N 1.94000°E / 51.88000; 1.94000 (Galloper) 353 56 Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 2018 [82][83]
Wikinger Germany 54°50′2″N 14°4′5″E / 54.83389°N 14.06806°E / 54.83389; 14.06806 (Wikinger Wind Farm) 350 70 Adwen AD 5-135 2018 [84]
Rudong H2 China 350 70 Haizhuang H171-5.0MW 2022 [85]

Largest under construction Edit

This is a list of wind farms with a nameplate capacity of more than 350 MW currently under construction.

Wind farm Location Coordinates Capacity
(MW) 		Turbines & model Completion Ownership Refs
Sofia United Kingdom 54°58′45.8″N 2°13′48.4″E / 54.979389°N 2.230111°E / 54.979389; 2.230111 (Sofia (1400 MW)) 1,400 100 × Siemens Gamesa 14MW 2026 RWE [86]
Dogger Bank A United Kingdom 54°44′56.0″N 1°55′48.4″E / 54.748889°N 1.930111°E / 54.748889; 1.930111 (Dogger Bank A (1200 MW)) 1,200 95 × GE Haliade-X 13MW 2023 SSE (40%), Equinor (40%),Vårgrønn (20%) [87]
Dogger Bank B United Kingdom 54°59′11.8″N 1°39′43.9″E / 54.986611°N 1.662194°E / 54.986611; 1.662194 (Dogger Bank B (1200 MW)) 1,200 95 × GE Haliade-X 13MW 2024 SSE (40%), Equinor (40%),Vårgrønn (20%) [87]
Seagreen (Alpha & Bravo) United Kingdom 56°35′17″N 1°44′28″W / 56.58806°N 1.74111°W / 56.58806; -1.74111 (Seagreen (1140 MW)) 1,140 114 × MHI Vestas V164-10 MW 2023 Total(51%), SEE (49%) [88][89]
Greater Changhua (1 & 2A) Taiwan 24°09′21″N 119°52′10″E / 24.1558°N 119.8694°E / 24.1558; 119.8694 (Greater Changhua 1 & 2A (900 MW)) 900 111 × Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD 2022 [90]
Vineyard Wind United States 41°02′00″N 70°37′00″W / 41.03325°N 70.61667°W / 41.03325; -70.61667 (Vineyard Wind (800 MW)) 800 62 x 13.6MW GE Haliade-X 2023 CIP(50%), Avangrid (50%) [91][92][93][94]
Hollandse Kust (Zuid) III & IV Netherlands 52°22′0.001″N 4°7′0.001″E / 52.36666694°N 4.11666694°E / 52.36666694; 4.11666694 (Hollandse Kust (Zuid) III & IV (770 MW)) 770 70 × Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DD 2023 Vattenfall (50.5%), BASF(24.3%) and Allianz(25.2%) [95]
Hollandse Kust (Zuid) I & II Netherlands 52°22′0.001″N 4°7′0.001″E / 52.36666694°N 4.11666694°E / 52.36666694; 4.11666694 (Hollandse Kust (Zuid) I & II (770 MW)) 759 69 × Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DD 2023 Vattenfall (50.5%), BASF(24.3%) and Allianz(25.2%) [96]
Hollandse Kust (Noord) V Netherlands 52°42′54.4″N 4°15′3.6″E / 52.715111°N 4.251000°E / 52.715111; 4.251000 (Hollandse Kust (Noord) V (759 MW)) 759 69 x Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DD 2023 Shell (79.9%), Eneco (20.1%) [36][97]
Yunlin Taiwan 23°35′09″N 120°01′48″E / 23.5859°N 120.0300°E / 23.5859; 120.0300 (Yunlin (640 MW)) 640 80 × Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD 2023 [98][99]
Changfang Taiwan 24°00′11″N 120°08′20″E / 24.0030°N 120.1388°E / 24.0030; 120.1388 (Changfang 1 & 2 (541.5 MW)) 589 62 × MHI Vestas V174-9.5 MW 2023 [100][101][102]
Guodian Xiangshan 1 phase 2 China 500 41 x 12MW units 2025 [36][103]
Fécamp France 49°54′15.1″N 0°13′13.1″E / 49.904194°N 0.220306°E / 49.904194; 0.220306 (Fécamp Wind Farm (497 MW)) 497 71 × Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 2023 EDF (82.1%), Enbridge (17.9%) [104]
Baltic Eagle Germany 54°49′29.3″N 13°51′42.1″E / 54.824806°N 13.861694°E / 54.824806; 13.861694 (Baltic Eagle (476 MW)) 476 50 × MHI Vestas V174-9.5 MW 2024 Iberdrola [105]
Calvados France 49°27′22″N 0°29′53″W / 49.45611°N 0.49806°W / 49.45611; -0.49806 (Calvados Wind Farm (448 MW)) 448 64 × Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 2024 EDF (88.3%), Enbridge (21.7%) [106]
Neart na Gaoithe United Kingdom 56°16′4″N 2°19′15″W / 56.26778°N 2.32083°W / 56.26778; -2.32083 (Neart na Gaoithe (448 MW)) 450 54 × Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD 2023 EDF, ESB [107][108]

Largest proposed Edit

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

The following table lists largest offshore wind farm areas (by nameplate capacity) that are only at a proposal stage, and have achieved at least some of the formal consents required before construction can begin.

Wind farm Location Coordinates Capacity
(MW) 		Projected completion Consents Refs
Chaozhou China 43,300 Projected to start work before 2025 [109]
Sinan Korea Offshore South Korea 8,200 2030 Project approved in 2021. Estimated cost: €36 billion. [110][111][112]
Berwick Bank United Kingdom 4,100 2027 SSE merged Berwick Bank (2.3GW) and Marr Bank (1.85GW) into single project.[113] Planning application will be sent to Scottish government in Spring 2022. If accepted, project will be shovel ready by 2024 and will be generating electricity by 2027[114] [115][116][117][118][119]
East Anglia Hub

(formerly Norfolk Bank)

United Kingdom 3,100 2026 ScottishPower Renewables merged East Anglia TWO (900 MW), East Anglia THREE (1,400 MW) and East Anglia ONE North (800MW) into single hub.

Anticipated project start in 2022. Project completion anticipated in 2026.

[120][121]
Med Wind Italy 2,800 2030

Floating offshore wind farm. Scoping procedure completed in 2021. Construction to start in 2025. Expected project completion in 2030.

[122][123]
Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind United States 36°53′16″N 75°29′50″W / 36.8878333°N 75.4973333°W / 36.8878333; -75.4973333 2,640 Phase 1 (880 MW), Phase 2 (880 MW), Phase 3 (880 MW) [124][125][126][127][128]
Wilmington East & Wilmington West Wind Farm United States 2,250 TotalEnergy Renewables USA [129][130]
Korea Offshore South Korea 2,500 Korean government approved. [131]
Hornsea Project Three United Kingdom 2,400 Crown Estate Round 3 [132]
Mayflower Wind United States 2,400 in two phases TBA BOEM
Formosa III Taiwan 2,000 Undergoing environmental impact assessment and approvals which are expected to be completed between 2021 and 2025. [133]
IJmuiden Ver Alpha Netherlands 2,000 2029 [134]
IJmuiden Ver Beta Netherlands 2,000 2029 [134]
IJmuiden Ver Gamma Netherlands 2,000 [134]
Moray Firth United Kingdom 1,866 Moray West - minimum 850 MW, currently seeking to remove capacity limit, as well as increase rotor diameter. [135][136][137]
Norfolk Vanguard United Kingdom 1,800 Planning Consent Granted on 11 February 2022. Offshore works expected to begin in 2025 [138][139][140][141][142]
Norfolk Boreas United Kingdom 1,800 Planning Consent Granted on 10 December 2021. Offshore works are expected to begin in 2025. [143][144][145][141] Project shelved in July 2023.[146]
OWF Bałtyk I Poland 1,560 Connection to national grid approved in 2021[147] [148][149]
Atlantic Shores United States 1,510 2028 NJBPU [150][151]
Dogger Bank C

(formerly Teesside A)

United Kingdom 1,200 Offshore export cable installation will commence in Q1 2024; Offshore platform installation will commence in Q2, 2024; foundation installation will commence in Q3, 2024; Turbine installation will commence in Q2, 2025. First power is anticipated in Q3, 2025 and full power in Q1, 2026. [87]
Rampion 2 United Kingdom 1,200 Concept/Early Planning. Planning application expected 2022[152] [153]
Beacon Wind United States 1,230 2028 NYSERDA [154][155][156]
Ocean Wind 2 United States 1,148 2027 NJBPU [150][157]
Ocean Wind 1 United States 39°21′58″N 74°24′51″W / 39.366111°N 74.414167°W / 39.366111; -74.414167 1,100 2024 NJBPU [158][159][160][161][162]
Inch Cape United Kingdom 1,000 Consent Authorised. Up to 72 wind turbines [163]
Skipjack United States 966 2027 Ørsted (company) [164][165][166]
Sunrise Wind United States 880 2024 NYSERDA [167][168][169]
Empire Wind United States 40°19′45″N 73°30′28″W / 40.329226°N 73.507861°W / 40.329226; -73.507861 816 2024 NYSERDA [170][171][172][168][169]
Park City Wind United States 804 2025 Connecticut DEEP [173]
Kitty Hawk Wind United States 800 2026 800 MW in Phase 1, proposed total of 2500 MW BOEM [174][175]
Hollandse Kust (West) VI Netherlands 750 2026 Shell, Eneco [176]
Hollandse Kust (West) VII Netherlands 750 2026 RWE [177]
OWF Bałtyk II Poland 720 Construction anticipated in 2025/2026[178] [148]
OWF Bałtyk III Poland 720 Construction anticipated in 2025/2026[179] [148]
Revolution Wind United States 700 2023 Connecticut DEEPRhode Island PUC [180][181]
Baltic Sea Energy Island I Lithuania 55°55′00″N 20°20′00″E / 55.916667°N 20.333333°E / 55.916667; 20.333333 700 2028 Expected to be finished by 2028. Several investors that submitted bids is currently under evaluation by Lithuanian government[182] [183][184][185]
Baltic Sea Energy Island II Lithuania 700 2030 Expected to be finished by 2030 after first wind park completed [186]
Noirmoutier France 496 2023 Delivery and commissioning expected for 2023. Project will consist of 62 Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD.[187] [188]
Seagreen 1A United Kingdom 360 2023 Scottish government has consented its Marine Licence application. Connecting 36 turbines to the grid at the Cockenzie substation. [189][190]

Other notable offshore wind farms Edit

Wind Farm Country Coordinates Year Notability Refs
Vindeby Denmark 1991 First offshore wind farm; 11 × Bonus 450 kW. Decommissioned in 2017. [191][192][193][194][195][196][197]
Beatrice United Kingdom 58°7′48″N 3°4′12″W / 58.13000°N 3.07000°W / 58.13000; -3.07000 (Beatrice Wind Farm) 2007 2 × Senvion 5MW prototype turbines, deepest fixed-foundation at 45-metre water depth [198][199][200]
Yttre Stengrund Sweden 2001 First offshore wind farm to be decommissioned (in November 2015)
Hywind Norway 2009 First full-scale, deep-water floating turbine: Siemens 2.3 MW turbine in 220 meter-deep water [201][202]
WindFloat 1 Portugal 2011 First full-scale, semi-submersible platform with a Vestas V80-2MW turbine installed in a dry-dock [203]
Hywind Scotland United Kingdom 2017 First full-scale, deep-water floating wind farm, at 30 MW capacity [204]

See also Edit

References Edit

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External links Edit

 
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