List of countries by Fragile States Index

This is a list of countries by order of appearance in the Fragile States Index (formerly the Failed States Index) of the United States think tank Fund for Peace.

Countries according to the 2020 Fragile States Index

  Very high alert (111–120)

  High alert (101–110)

  Alert (91–100)

  High warning (81–90)

  Elevated warning (71–80)

  Warning (61–70)

  Less Stable (51–60)

  Stable (41–50)

  More Stable (31–40)

  Sustainable (21–30)

  Very sustainable (0–20)

  Data unavailable

A fragile state has several attributes. Common indicators include a state whose central government is so weak or ineffective that it has little practical control over much of its territory; non-provision of public services; widespread corruption and criminality; refugees and involuntary movement of populations; and sharp economic decline. Since 2005, the index has been published annually by the Fund for Peace and the magazine Foreign Policy. The list has been cited by journalists and academics in making broad comparative points about countries or regions.

The report uses 12 factors to determine the rating for each nation, including security threats, economic implosion, human rights violations and refugee flows.

Indicators of a fragile state

The following factors are used by Fund For Peace to determine the overall status of a country.

• Cohesion
  • Security apparatus
  • Factionalized elites
  • Group grievance
• Economic
  • Economic decline
  • Uneven economic development
  • Human flight and brain drain
• Political
  • State legitimacy
  • Public services
  • Human rights and rule of law
• Social
  • Demographic pressures
  • Refugees and internally displaced people
• Cross-cutting
  • External intervention

Fragile States Index 2021

The table below shows the FSI for 2021, with comparisons of each country's current score to previous years' indices. A higher score (with a maximum of 120) indicates a weaker, more vulnerable, or more fragile situation in the country.

Rank	Country	2021 score	Change from 2020	Change from 2019	Change from 2018	Change from 2017
1	Yemen	111.7	0.7	1.8	1.0	0.6
2	Somalia	110.9		1.4	2.3	2.5
3	Syria	110.7		0.8	0.7	0.1
4	South Sudan	109.4	1.4	2.8	4.0	4.5
5	DR Congo	108.4	1.0	1.8	2.3	1.6
6	Central African Republic	107.0	0.5	1.9	4.1	5.6
7	Chad	105.8	0.6	2.7	2.5	3.6
8	Sudan	105.2	0.4	2.8	3.5	5.4
9	Afghanistan	102.1	0.8	2.9	4.5	5.2
10	Zimbabwe	99.1	0.1	0.4	3.2	2.5
11	Ethiopia	99.0	4.4	4.8	0.6	2.1
12	Nigeria	98.0	0.7	0.5	1.9	3.6
13	Haiti	97.5	0.2	1.8	4.5	7.8
14	Guinea	97.4	0.2	2.0	4.2	5.0
15	Cameroon	97.2	0.7	0.2	1.9	1.6
16	Burundi	97.1	0.8	1.1	0.3	1.8
17	Libya	97.0	1.8	4.8	2.4	0.7
	Eritrea	97.0	1.2	0.6	0.2	1.1
19	Mali	96.6	0.6	2.1	3.0	3.7
20	Iraq	96.2	0.3	2.9	6.0	9.2
21	Niger	96.0	0.7	0.2	0.2	1.4
22	Mozambique	93.9	2.2	5.2	5.2	4.9
23	Myanmar	93.8	0.2	0.5	2.3	1.9
24	Uganda	92.9	0.1	2.4	2.2	3.1
25	Venezuela	92.6	1.4	3.3	6.4	9.7
26	Congo	92.4	0.3	0.1	0.7	1.0
27	Guinea-Bissau	92.0	0.9	3.5	6.1	7.5
28	Côte d'Ivoire	90.7	1.0	1.4	3.9	5.8
29	Pakistan	90.5	1.6	3.7	5.8	8.4
30	North Korea	90.0	0.2	2.7	3.2	3.3
31	Liberia	89.5	0.5	0.7	3.1	4.3
32	Kenya	89.2	1.1	4.3	8.2	7.2
33	Mauritania	89.1	0.4	1.0	3.1	4.6
34	Lebanon	89.0	4.3	4.0	2.2	0.8
	Angola	89.0	1.7	1.2	0.4	2.1
36	Burkina Faso	87.1	1.2	3.2	0.6	0.9
37	Palestine	86.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
38	Togo	85.1	0.7	2.3	0.1	1.2
39	Egypt	85.0	1.0	3.4	3.7	4.8
	Bangladesh	85.0	0.7	2.7	5.3	4.1
	Rwanda	85.0	1.0	2.5	4.3	5.8
42	Zambia	84.9	0.4	0.8	2.3	2.9
43	Iran	84.5	1.1	1.5	0.2	1.3
44	Equatorial Guinea	84.1	1.1	1.5	0.7	0.9
45	Sierra Leone	83.4	1.0	3.4	5.7	5.9
46	Malawi	83.2	0.8	0.1	2.3	4.8
47	Eswatini	82.5	0.5	2.8	5.0	6.3
	Comoros	82.5	1.3	0.8	0.1	2.3
49	Philippines	82.4	1.4	0.7	3.1	2.0
	Djibouti	82.4	0.3	2.7	4.7	6.5
51	Nepal	82.2	0.4	2.5	5.7	8.8
52	Timor-Leste	80.9	1.8	4.6	7.4	9.6
	Papua New Guinea	80.9	1.4	2.2	3.9	5.5
54	Cambodia	80.6	0.3	1.9	3.4	5.1
55	Sri Lanka	80.5	1.3	3.5	4.4	6.1
	Gambia	80.5	1.7	3.4	6.6	8.9
57	Turkey	79.7	0.6	0.6	2.5	1.1
58	Madagascar	79.5		1.4	4.1	4.5
59	Honduras	79.4	2.6	1.6	2.1	0.3
	Guatemala	79.4	0.2	2.0	2.4	3.7
61	Solomon Islands	79.3	0.4	2.6	3.8	5.5
	Tanzania	79.3	1.2	0.8	0.1	1.0
	Colombia	79.3	2.7	3.6	2.7	0.4
64	Lesotho	77.9	0.4	1.8	2.2	3.8
65	Nicaragua	77.1		1.0	1.8	0.3
66	India	77.0	1.7	2.6	0.7	0.9
67	Jordan	76.8	1.4	0.9		1.9
68	Kyrgyzstan	76.4	2.5	0.2	2.2	3.9
69	Laos	76.0	0.9	2.7	4.7	6.4
70	Brazil	75.8	2.8	4.0	7.1	7.6
71	Azerbaijan	75.1	3.8	1.9	0.5	1.2
	Tajikistan	75.1	0.4	2.6	4.4	6.7
73	Bolivia	74.9	0.1	2.0	0.3	1.9
74	Algeria	73.6	1.0	1.8	2.2	3.2
	Russia	73.6	1.0	1.1	3.6	5.6
76	Senegal	73.4	1.2	3.8	6.2	8.9
77	Bosnia-Herzegovina	72.9	2.7	1.6	1.6	0.1
78	Benin	72.8	0.3	0.8	2.9	4.8
79	Georgia	72.6	1.4	0.6	1.4	3.9
80	Uzbekistan	72.0	1.1	3.7	7.1	9.5
81	Micronesia	71.7	0.5	1.3	2.7	4.7
82	El Salvador	71.6	2.7	1.8	0.4	1.5
83	São Tomé and Príncipe	71.5	1.2	0.4	0.6	0.6
	Morocco	71.5	0.3	1.5	2.5	3.4
85	Peru	71.4	3.8	3.2	1.3	1.1
86	Ecuador	71.2	1.8		3.0	6.1
87	Thailand	70.9	0.1	2.2	4.1	5.3
88	Fiji	70.4	0.5	1.3	4.1	6.5
89	South Africa	70.0	0.1	1.1	2.9	2.3
90	Mexico	69.9	2.7	0.2	1.6	4.4
91	Ukraine	69.8	0.8	1.2	2.8	4.2
	Armenia	69.8	5.6	3.1	0.3	1.2
93	Saudi Arabia	69.7	0.9	0.7	0.5	1.5
94	Tunisia	69.2	1.1	0.9	2.9	5.0
95	China	68.9	1.0	2.2	3.5	5.8
96	Bhutan	68.3	1.2	3.7	6.0	7.7
97	Turkmenistan	68.2	0.9	3.2	4.4	6.2
98	Belarus	68.0	2.2	0.2	2.5	4.4
99	Maldives	67.6	1.4	2.2	4.8	6.8
	Indonesia	67.6	0.2	2.8	4.7	5.3
101	Serbia	67.4	1.3	0.6	0.7	2.6
	Gabon	67.4	1.7	3.1	5.1	6.4
103	Moldova	67.0	1.0	0.1	2.5	5.0
104	Bahrain	66.7	2.8	2.9	2.3	1.8
105	Paraguay	66.4	1.2	0.6	3.4	5.2
106	Guyana	66.1	0.1	2.1	4.3	5.2
107	Dominican Republic	64.7	0.3	1.5	4.5	4.3
108	North Macedonia	64.5	2.4	0.1	0.3	1.6
109	Namibia	64.3	0.8	2.1	4.5	6.1
110	Samoa	64.2	0.9		1.3	2.9
	Cape Verde	64.2	0.6	2.4	3.8	5.9
	Belize	64.2	3.4	1.7	0.5	1.3
113	Ghana	63.9	0.3	2.0	4.2	5.8
114	Vietnam	63.3	0.6	2.8	5.1	6.9
115	Suriname	61.5	1.4	0.4	2.5	4.4
116	Kazakhstan	61.2	1.4	0.4	2.2	4.7
	Jamaica	61.2	1.2		1.9	4.0
118	Cuba	59.5	0.3	1.3	3.4	5.1
119	Albania	59.0	0.2	0.1	1.1	1.5
120	Montenegro	58.5	3.0	3.2	3.2	2.8
121	Cyprus	57.4	1.3	0.4	2.9	5.2
122	Botswana	57.0	0.1	2.5	5.0	6.8
123	Malaysia	56.9	0.7	3.6	6.7	8.5
124	Seychelles	56.3	1.6	1.1	0.5	3.1
	Brunei	56.3	0.3	1.2	3.5	5.3
126	Grenada	56.1	0.9	1.5	3.8	5.4
127	Antigua and Barbuda	54.9	2.8	0.5	0.7	0.1
128	Greece	54.5	2.4	0.6	0.8	3.0
129	Kuwait	52.9	2.0	0.3	3.0	5.6
	Trinidad and Tobago	52.9	1.0	0.1	1.7	3.8
131	Bahamas	52.4	2.5	3.6	2.4
132	Mongolia	52.3	0.4	1.8	2.6	4.4
133	Bulgaria	51.6	2.4	1.0	0.1	2.1
134	Hungary	51.1	3.5	1.5	0.9	0.9
135	Romania	51.0	4.3	3.2	1.6	0.1
136	Oman	50.4	2.4	0.4	2.2	2.1
137	Argentina	50.1	4.0	4.1	4.0	1.9
138	Croatia	49.8	3.7	2.3	1.1	0.8
139	Panama	48.7	2.7	1.7	0.8	2.0
140	Barbados	47.0	0.6	1.0	1.2	2.6
141	Italy	45.2	2.8	1.4	1.4
142	Spain	44.8	4.4	4.1	3.4	6.9
143	United States	44.6	6.3	6.6	6.9	9.0
144	Qatar	44.1	0.4	1.3	4.0	0.1
	Chile	44.1	1.6	5.2	3.4	3.0
146	Latvia	44.0	1.7	0.1	0.9	2.4
147	Poland	43.1	2.1	0.3	1.6	2.3
148	Israel	43.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
149	Costa Rica	42.5	2.3	0.5	0.7	1.6
150	United Kingdom	41.5	3.2	4.8	7.2	8.3
151	United Arab Emirates	40.3	2.2	0.2	2.5	3.4
152	Estonia	39.5	1.0	1.3	3.5	5.2
153	Czechia	39.3	3.6	1.7	0.3	0.8
154	Slovakia	39.0	0.8	1.5	3.5	5.3
155	Lithuania	38.7	2.2	0.6	0.7	3.0
156	Mauritius	38.1	0.9	0.8	2.4	3.6
157	Malta	36.2	2.6	1.7		2.4
158	Uruguay	35.9	2.5	1.9	0.5	0.9
159	South Korea	32.5	0.5	1.2	3.2	5.6
	France	32.5	2.0	0.5	0.3	1.0
161	Japan	32.2	0.1	2.1	2.3	5.2
162	Belgium	31.0	3.9	2.4	1.3	0.2
163	Slovenia	28.2	2.4	0.2	2.1	4.2
164	Portugal	26.8	3.3	1.5	0.5	2.2
165	Singapore	26.6	0.3	1.5	3.8	5.9
166	Austria	26.1	2.0	1.1	0.1	1.6
167	Germany	24.8	1.6	0.1	1.0	3.3
168	Netherlands	24.1	1.2	0.7	2.1	3.3
169	Ireland	22.2	2.3	1.6	1.5	0.1
170	Australia	21.8	2.1	2.1	1.0	0.5
171	Canada	21.7	3.0	1.7	0.2	0.9
172	Sweden	21.4	3.2	1.1	0.6	0.7
173	Luxembourg	21.1	2.3	0.7	0.3	2.3
174	Switzerland	19.9	2.8	1.2	0.7	1.2
175	Denmark	18.8	1.6	0.7	1.0	2.7
176	New Zealand	18.4	0.5	1.7	2.5	4.2
177	Iceland	18.0	0.2	1.8	2.3	4.5
178	Norway	16.6	0.4	1.4	1.7	3.9
179	Finland	16.2	1.6	0.7	1.7	2.5

External links

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