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List of cities in Ontario

"City" forms part of the name of many municipalities in the Canadian province of Ontario, generally the largest in the province or in their region. Cities can have the municipal status of either a single-tier or lower-tier municipality.

Municipalities are administrative and political divisions and in most cases do not conform to the boundaries of discrete urbanized areas nor to those of urban areas together with their adjacent economically integrated rural areas ("metropolitan area"). In many cases, several municipalities will comprise a single metropolitan area; in others a municipality will include multiple urban areas (often referred to as "population centres" by Statistics Canada). An example of the former is that the adjacent municipalities of Toronto and Mississauga plus those westward to Oakville, eastward to Ajax, and as far as Orangeville and Newmarket in the northwest and north are part of the Toronto metropolitan area and urban area. An example of the latter is the single-tier municipality of Norfolk County, which has a few discretely separate population centres within its borders: Dunnville, Caledonia and Hagersville.

Ontario has 52 cities,[1] which together had a cumulative population of 9,900,179 and average population of 190,388 (from the 2016 Census).[2] The most and least populous are Toronto and Dryden, with 2,731,571 and 7,749 respectively.[2] Ontario's newest city is Richmond Hill, whose council voted to change from a town to a city on March 26, 2019.[3] Previous to that, Markham changed from a town to a city on July 1, 2012.[4]

Contents

HistoryEdit

Under the former Municipal Act, 1990, a city was both an urban and a local municipality.[5] Under this former legislation, the Municipal Board could change the status of a village or town to a city, upon review of an application from the village or town, if it had a population of 15,000 or more.[5] The Municipal Board could also incorporate a township as a city under the same conditions with the exception that the population requirements was 25,000 or more.[5] In the event an application was received from a village, town or township located within a county, the application could have only been approved by the Municipal Board if authorized by the Minister of Municipal Affairs.[5]

In the transition to the Municipal Act, 2001, these requirements were abandoned. On December 31, 2002, every city that:[6]

  • "existed and formed part of a county, a regional or district municipality or the County of Oxford for municipal purposes" became a lower-tier municipality yet retained its name as a city; and
  • "existed and did not form part of a county, a regional or district municipality or the County of Oxford for municipal purposes" became a single-tier municipality yet retained its name as a city.

The current legislation also provides lower- and single-tier municipalities with the authority to name themselves as "cities", or other former municipal status types such as "towns", "villages" or "townships", or generically as "municipalities".[7][8]

Cities in OntarioEdit

Name[1][9] Municipal
status[1]		 Census division[1][10] Population
(2016)[2]		 Population
(2011)[9]		 Change
(%)[9]		 Area
(km²)[9]		 Population
density[9]
Barrie[ON 1] Single-tier Simcoe 141,434 136,063 3.9 99.04 1,428.0
Belleville Single-tier Hastings 50,716 49,454 2.6 247.25 205.1
Brampton[ON 2] Lower-tier Peel 593,638 523,911 13.3 266.36 2,228.7
Brant Single-tier Brant 36,707 35,638 3.0 843.25 43.5
Brantford[ON 3] Single-tier Brant 97,496 93,650 4.1 72.44 1,345.9
Brockville Single-tier Leeds and Grenville 21,346 21,870 −2.4 20.85 1,023.6
Burlington Lower-tier Halton 183,314 175,779 4.3 185.66 987.3
Cambridge[ON 4] Lower-tier Waterloo 129,920 126,748 2.5 113.01 1,149.6
Clarence-Rockland Lower-tier Prescott and Russell 24,512 23,185 5.7 297.71 82.3
Cornwall Single-tier Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry 46,589 46,340 0.5 61.56 756.8
Dryden[ON 5] Single-tier Kenora 7,749 7,617 1.7 66.19 117.1
Elliot Lake Single-tier Algoma 10,741 11,348 −5.3 714.65 15.0
Greater Sudbury[ON 6] Single-tier Sudbury 161,531 160,274 0.8 3,228.35 50.0
Guelph[ON 7] Single-tier Wellington 131,794 121,688 8.3 87.22 1,511.1
Haldimand County Single-tier Haldimand 45,608 44,876 1.6 1,251.54 36.4
Hamilton[ON 8] Single-tier Hamilton 536,917 519,949 3.3 1,117.29 480.6
Kawartha Lakes Single-tier Kawartha Lakes 75,423 73,214 3.0 3,084.38 24.5
Kenora Single-tier Kenora 15,096 15,348 −1.6 211.59 71.3
Kingston[ON 9] Single-tier Frontenac 123,798 123,363 0.4 451.19 274.4
Kitchener[ON 10] Lower-tier Waterloo 233,222 219,153 6.4 136.77 1,705.2
London[ON 11] Single-tier Middlesex 383,822 366,151 4.8 420.35 913.1
Markham[ON 12] Lower-tier York 328,966 301,709 9.0 212.35 1,549.2
Mississauga[ON 13] Lower-tier Peel 721,599 713,443 1.1 292.43 2,467.6
Niagara Falls[ON 14] Lower-tier Niagara 88,071 82,997 6.1 209.73 419.9
Norfolk County Single-tier Norfolk 64,044 63,175 1.4 1,607.55 39.8
North Bay Single-tier Nipissing 51,553 53,651 −3.9 319.11 161.6
Orillia Single-tier Simcoe 31,166 30,586 1.9 28.58 1,090.3
Oshawa[ON 15] Lower-tier Durham 159,458 149,607 6.6 145.64 1,094.9
Ottawa[ON 16] Single-tier Ottawa 934,243 883,391 5.8 2,790.30 334.8
Owen Sound Lower-tier Grey 21,341 21,688 −1.6 24.27 879.2
Pembroke[ON 17] Single-tier Renfrew 13,882 14,360 −3.3 14.56 953.3
Peterborough[ON 18] Single-tier Peterborough 81,032 78,698 2.9 64.25 1,261.2
Pickering Lower-tier Durham 91,771 88,721 3.4 231.55 396.3
Port Colborne Lower-tier Niagara 18,306 18,424 −0.6 121.96 150.1
Prince Edward County Single-tier Prince Edward 24,735 25,258 −2.1 1,050.49 23.5
Quinte West Single-tier Hastings 43,577 43,086 1.1 494.02 88.2
Richmond Hill Lower-tier York 195,022 185,541 5.1 101.11 1,928.8
Sarnia Lower-tier Lambton 71,594 72,366 −1.1 164.85 434.3
Sault Ste. Marie Single-tier Algoma 73,368 75,141 −2.4 223.24 328.6
St. Catharines[ON 19] Lower-tier Niagara 133,113 131,400 1.3 96.13 1,384.8
St. Thomas Single-tier Elgin 38,909 37,905 2.6 35.63 1,092.1
Stratford Single-tier Perth 31,465 30,886 1.8 28.28 1,112.5
Temiskaming Shores Single-tier Timiskaming 9,920 10,400 −4.6 178.11 55.7
Thorold Lower-tier Niagara 18,801 17,931 4.9 82.99 226.5
Thunder Bay[ON 20] Single-tier Thunder Bay 107,909 108,359 −0.4 328.36 328.6
Timmins Single-tier Cochrane 41,788 43,165 −3.2 2,978.83 14.0
Toronto[ON 21] Single-tier Toronto 2,731,571 2,615,060 4.5 630.20 4,334.4
Vaughan Lower-tier York 306,233 288,301 6.2 273.56 1,119.4
Waterloo[ON 22] Lower-tier Waterloo 104,986 98,780 6.3 64.02 1,639.8
Welland Lower-tier Niagara 52,293 50,631 3.3 81.04 645.3
Windsor[ON 23] Single-tier Essex 217,188 210,891 3.0 146.38 1,483.8
Woodstock Lower-tier Oxford 40,902 37,754 8.3 48.97 835.3
Total cities — — 9,900,179 9,478,924 2.39 26,045.14 813.91

Notes:

  1. ^ The Barrie census metropolitan area (CMA) is formed around the City of Barrie.
  2. ^ Brampton is Canada's ninth-largest city.
  3. ^ The Brantford CMA includes the City of Brantford as well as the County of Brant, which is a single-tier city.
  4. ^ The City of Cambridge, as well as the cities of Kitchener and Waterloo, form parts of the Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo CMA.
  5. ^ Dryden is Ontario's smallest city by population.
  6. ^ Greater Sudbury is Ontario's largest city by area. The Greater Sudbury CMA is formed around the City of Greater Sudbury.
  7. ^ The Guelph CMA is formed around the City of Guelph.
  8. ^ Hamilton is Canada's tenth-largest city. The Hamilton CMA includes the cities of Burlington and Hamilton.
  9. ^ The Kingston CMA is formed around the City of Kingston.
  10. ^ The City of Kitchener, as well as the cities of Cambridge and Waterloo, form parts of the Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo CMA.
  11. ^ The London CMA includes the cities of London and St. Thomas.
  12. ^ Markham is Ontario's newest city, incorporated July 1, 2012
  13. ^ Mississauga is Canada's sixth-largest city.
  14. ^ The City of Niagara Falls, as well as the cities of Port Colborne, St. Catharines, Thorold and Welland, form parts of the St. Catharines - Niagara CMA.
  15. ^ The Oshawa CMA is formed around the City of Oshawa.
  16. ^ Ottawa is Canada's capital and fourth-largest city. The Ontario portion of the Ottawa - Gatineau CMA includes the cities of Clarence-Rockland and Ottawa.
  17. ^ Pembroke is Ontario's smallest city by area.
  18. ^ The Peterborough CMA is formed around the City of Peterborough.
  19. ^ The City of St. Catharines, as well as the cities of Niagara Falls, Port Colborne, Thorold and Welland, form parts of the St. Catharines - Niagara CMA.
  20. ^ The Thunder Bay CMA is formed around the City of Thunder Bay.
  21. ^ Toronto is Ontario's capital and Canada's and Ontario's largest city by population. The Toronto CMA includes the cities of Brampton, Mississauga, Pickering, Toronto and Vaughan.
  22. ^ The City of Waterloo, as well as the cities of Cambridge and Kitchener, form parts of the Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo CMA.
  23. ^ The Windsor CMA is formed around the City of Windsor.

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ a b c d "List of Ontario Municipalities". Ontario Municipal Affairs and Housing. September 21, 2012. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  2. ^ a b c "subdivisions (municipalities) and designated places, 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data". Statistics Canada.
  3. ^ "Richmond Hill Becomes a City". RichmondHill.ca. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  4. ^ "Markham to change from town to city". CBC News. May 30, 2012. Retrieved January 3, 2014.
  5. ^ a b c d "Municipal Act, R.S.O. 1990, Chapter M.45". Service Ontario. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  6. ^ "Municipal Act, S.O. 2001, Chapter 25". Service Ontario. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  7. ^ "The Ontario Municipal Councillor's Guide 2018". Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing. 2018. Section 5. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
  8. ^ Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c. 25, s. 187.
  9. ^ a b c d e "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Ontario)". Statistics Canada. May 28, 2012. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  10. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census divisions, 2011 and 2006 censuses (Ontario)". Statistics Canada. January 30, 2013. Retrieved June 27, 2013.
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