This is a list of bridges in India.
Historical and architectural interest bridges edit
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Major road and railway bridges edit
The largest of all indian's railway bridges is the Chenab Bridge, located on the Jammu–Baramulla line that connects the Jammu region and the Kashmir Valley, which turned out to be the most expensive line of Indian's railway network. The Chenab Bridge was the highest arch bridge in the world when opening in 2022 with a deck 322 m (1,056 ft) above the Chenab River, it's still the highest railway bridge on earth nowadays.[41][42]
Extradosed bridges have experienced remarkable growth in India since the 2010s with a large number of multi-span bridges built on rivers such as the Ganges, which has significant widths in certain places. Their advantages are as follows:
- They allow longer spans than conventional beam bridges and therefore a reduced number of foundations.
- The thickness of the deck is considerably reduced (the Arrah–Chhapra bridge deck is 3.4 m (11 ft) thick), thereby minimizing the amount of concrete.
- They can be made up of precast segments even for medium spans and then be erected much more quickly and easily than the typical in-situ concrete construction.
- A more elegant aesthetic appearance than conventional beam bridges.[43]
The first major extradosed bridge built in India is the Second Vivekananda Bridge between Howrah and Kolkata. It has 8 pylons and a suspended length of 880 m (2,890 ft), which was among the longest in its category at the time. Additionally it had one of the largest numbers of spans at the time. Another main feature of the bridge is its 29 m (95 ft) width with 6 road lanes for a single plane axial suspension.[44]
The Arrah–Chhapra Bridge held the record for the longest total extradosed span length in the world when it was inaugurated in 2017, with 16 pylons and 1,920 m (6,300 ft), surpassing the well-known Twinkle Ibigawa Bridge in Japan.[43] This record will be largely beaten by the new Kacchi Dargah–Bidupur Bridge under construction with 66 pylons and an extradose length of 9,750 m (31,990 ft).[45]
The Rajendra Setu was the first rail-cum-road bridge in independent India on the river Ganga, one of the major rivers in the country.
This table presents the structures with spans greater than 120 metres (390 ft) (non-exhaustive list).
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Planned bridges edit
| Name | Local name |
Span | Length | Structural type | Carries Crosses |
Opened | Location | State | Ref. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Beas River Expressway Bridge planned |
ca. 700 m (2,300 ft) | 1,300 m (4,300 ft) | Cable-stayed | 2024 | Goindval |
Punjab | [143] | |||
| 2 | Krishna River Bridge planned |
480 m (1,570 ft) | 864 m (2,835 ft) | Suspension with cable-stays Steel truss deck, concrete pylons 192+480+192 |
National Highway 167K Krishna River |
Malleswaram–Siddheswaram 16°01′52.5″N 78°19′21.2″E / 16.031250°N 78.322556°E |
Telangana Andhra Pradesh |
[144] [145] | |||
| 3 | Kuchipudi Bridge on hold |
180 m (590 ft) (x2) | Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, 1 concrete pylon 60+2x180+60 |
Road bridge Krishna River |
Amaravati–Vijayawada 16°32′20.8″N 80°33′35.4″E / 16.539111°N 80.559833°E |
Andhra Pradesh | [146] [147] [148] |
Alphabetical list edit
See also edit
- Transport in India
- Highways in India
- List of National Highways in India by highway number
- Rail transport in India
- Geography of India
- List of rivers of India
- List of longest bridges above water in India
- List of longest bridges in West Bengal
- Bridges in Bihar
- List of bridges in Srinagar
- List of bridges on Brahmaputra River
Notes and references edit
- Notes
- ^ According to the statement of residents/users involved in the maintenance the bridge, it is estimated to be 200 years old.[1]
- ^ This bridge is qualified as the oldest railway bridge in the world because it was built in 1735, before the very first railway lines, but the tracks were only installed in 1899 and the trains circulated on the bridge from 1092 to 2007.[21]
- ^ The Yuanjiang Railway Bridge in China, completed in 2022, has the highest railway bridge pier in the world with 154 m (505 ft) from foundation to cap.[38]
- ^ a b c d e The length given only takes into account the main bridge, central span(s) and shore span(s), approach viaducts are not counted.
- ^ The given span arrangement is always the cantilevered arrangement, i.e. 420, 360 and 420 feet (130, 110 and 130 m) spans with a 120 feet (37 m) part between the two piers in the Hooghly River.[93][94] The clear span arrangement is then (165 m).
- ^ Bogibeel Bridge is the longest rail-cum-road bridge in India, measuring 4.942 kilometres (3.071 mi) over the Brahmaputra river.[119] This length only takes into account the main truss bridge with the common road and rail part, the overall length of the road part including north and south approach viaducts is 6.610 kilometres (4.107 mi).[120]
- ^ Due to structural failures, the bridge initially built as a balanced cantilever rigid frame had to be rebuilt. Box girders have been fully removed and a truss structure was installed in its place in 2022.[134]
- Nicolas Janberg. "International Database for Civil and Structural Engineering". Structurae.com.
- ^ "Shahi Bridge".
- ^ "Pamban Rail Bridge".
- ^ "Lakshman Juhla".
- ^ "Ram Jhula Suspension Bridge".
- ^ "Chenab River Bridge".
- ^ "Howrah Bridge".
- ^ "Vidyasagar Setu".
- ^ "Piplaldal Bridge".
- ^ "Siyasu Bridge".
- ^ "Chambal Bridge".
- ^ "Anji Khad Bridge".
- ^ "Naini Bridge".
- ^ "Signature Bridge".
- ^ a b "Bandra Worli Sealink Bridge".
- ^ "Jubilee Bridge (India)".
- ^ "Sampreeti Bridge".
- ^ "Kacchi Dargah-Bidupur Bridge".
- ^ "Third Narmada Bridge".
- ^ "Jadukata Bridge".
- ^ "Varanasi Bridge".
- ^ "Bogibeel Bridge".
- ^ "Brahmaputra Bridge".
- ^ "Bakhtiyarpur-Tajpur Bridge".
- ^ "Zuari Bridge".
- ^ "Mandovi River Bridge".
- ^ "Ganga Rail–Road Bridge (Patna)".
- ^ "Rajendra Setu".
- ^ "Mahatma Gandhi Bridge".
- ^ "Munger Ganga Bridge".
- ^ "Kolia Bhomora Bridge".
- ^ "Arrah-Chhapra Bridge".
- Others references
- ^ a b c Ludwig, Ferdinand; Middleton, Wilfrid; Gallenmüller, Friederike; Rogers, Patrick; Speck, Thomas (2019-08-22). "Living bridges using aerial roots of ficus elastica – an interdisciplinary perspective – Supplementary information". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 12226. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48652-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6706416. PMID 31439904.
- ^ Rogers, Patrick A. (2015-09-02). "The Undiscovered Living Root Bridges of Meghalaya Part 2: Bridges Near Pynursla". Evenfewergoats.blogspot.com. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
- ^ "Group of Monuments at Hampi". Whc.unesco.org - UNESCO. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
- ^ Hosapalya, Mallikarjuna (November 20, 2021). "The path of water in Vijayanagara". Deccan Herald. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
- ^ a b c "Alphabetical List of Monuments – Delhi". Asi.nic.in - Archaeological Survey of India. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
- ^ "Archaeological Survey of India : Neighboring Bridge, Wazirabad" (PDF). Ignca.gov.in - Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts - Ministry of Culture, Govt. of India. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
- ^ "Wazirabad Bridge : A Tughlaq Era Marvel". Livehistoryindia.com. 11 August 2020. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
- ^ Anand Koul, Pandit (1925). Geography Of The Jammu And Kashmir State. Calcutta: Thacker, Spink & Co. p. 82.
- ^ Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak. Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India. 1890. p. 409.
- ^ Lawrence, Walter Roper (1895). The Valley of Kashmir. H. Frowde. p. 38. ISBN 9788120616301. OCLC 1149016.
- ^ Führer, Alois Anton (1889). "Chapter II - The Great Bridge and later history". The Sharqi Architecture of Jaunpur. Superintendent of Government Printing, India. p. 17.
- ^ Cunningham, Alexander (1880). Archæological Survey of India - Report of Tours in the Gangetic Province from Badaon to Bihar. Vol. 11. Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India. p. 122.
- ^ Cunningham, Alexander (1871). Archæological Survey of India - Four Report Made During the Years 1862-63-64-64. Vol. II. Government Central Press, India. p. 397.
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- ^ Pramod Kumar Reddy, Yeturi; Sen, Subhamoy (2022). "Temperature Robust Health Bench-Marking and Monitoring of an Heritage Supension Bridge Using Coupled IWCM and TBSI Method". Recent Advances in Materials Processing and Characterization. Springer Nature. pp. 363–370. ISBN 978-981-19-5346-0.
- ^ "Victoria Bridge under threat". The Tribune (Chandigarh). Retrieved December 14, 2022.
- ^ "The Suspension Bridge". Archaeology.kerala.gov.in - Kerala State Archaeology Department. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
- ^ Bhandari, 2006, p.13
- ^ "Mountain Railways of India". Whc.unesco.org - UNESCO. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
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- ^ a b "About Us - History". Gammonindia.com - Gammon India Limited. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
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- ^ "Yuanjiang Railway Bridge". Highestbridges.com. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
- ^ Saibaba, A.; Subash, M. "Challenges in Design and Construction of the World's Tallest Railway Bridge in Jiribam–Imphal New Railway Line" (PDF). Iricen.gov.in - Indian Railways Institute of Civil Engineering (Pune). Retrieved December 29, 2022.
- ^ "World's tallest railway bridge pier to come up in Manipur". Hindustan Times. November 28, 2021. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
- ^ "Chenab Railway Bridge". Highestbridges.com. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "World's highest rail bridge to come up across Chenab river". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on February 17, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ a b c Robazza, Brook R.; Trowland, Morgan T. (September 2018). "Crossing the Ganges: The World's Longest Extradosed Bridge". 40th IABSE Symposium, Nantes, France - Tomorrow's Megastructures.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Design and Construction Features of Nivedita Bridge". Nbmcw.com - NBM&CW Infra Construction & Equipments Magazine. Archived from the original on October 27, 2020. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ a b Veera, P.R. Vital; Choi, Inki; Viswanath, R. Kasi (May 2018). "Design Development of 9.759km Long Six Lane Extradosed Bridge Project Crossing River Ganga in the State of Bihar, India". CETRA 2018 - 5th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. Zadar, Croatia.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Dwarka Cable Stay Bridge, Republic of India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design Services. June 2020. p. 26.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Construction of new 4 lane Signature bridge with 900m long central cable-stayed module". Spsingla.com - S.P. Singla Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Centre approves Rs 962 crore cable stayed bridge connecting Okha and Bet Dwarka". Deshgujarat.com. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Sinha, Partyush (September 2018). "Chenab Bridge- Iconic bridging of mighty river" (PDF). Him Prabhat - USBRL Technical News Magazine. Vol. 11. pp. 73–79.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Ghoshal, Amitabha (August 2020). "Howrah Bridge: icon of a 330-year-old city in India – part I: history, planning and design". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage. Vol. 173. Thomas Telford Ltd. pp. 117–128. doi:10.1680/jenhh.19.00017. ISSN 1757-9430. S2CID 203540649.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Howrah Bridge - An Icon in Steel" (PDF). Tatasteel.com. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Chatterjee, A.K.; Dharap, V.M. (1999). "Problems of construction of caisson foundations of the Second Hooghly Bridge (Vidyasagar Setu) at Calcutta and their solutions". IABSE Colloquium (New Delhi): Foundations for major bridges: design and construction. Vol. 80. pp. 385–389. doi:10.5169/seals-60783.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Gunguly, C.K.; Battarcharya, S.K. (2000). "The Design Methodology and Construction Technique of 457 m Span Cable Stayed Bridge (Dead Load Composite) at Vidyasagar Setu". International Conference on Suspension, Cable Supported, and Cable Stayed Bridges. Hyderabad: Universities Press. pp. 113–114. ISBN 978-81-7371-271-5.
- ^ "Dobra-Chanti H.M.V. Suspension bridge, Republic of India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design Services. June 2020. p. 20.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Kang, Hyun Tae (November 2021). "Design of the Dobra Chanti Suspension Bridge in district Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India". Jurnal Teknik Sipil-Arsitektur. Vol. 20. pp. 79–94. doi:10.54564/jtsa.v20i2.84. ISSN 1412-9299. S2CID 248258408.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Dobra Chanthi HMV Suspension Bridge Project". SlideShare. August 2018. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Country's longest motorable single-lane bridge inaugurated in Uttarakhand". The Times of India. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ a b Naithani, P.K. "Facilities for cut-off areas" (PDF). International Conference on Hydropower and dams development for water and Energy security – Environmental and socio economic aspects of Tehri Dam. pp. 44–46. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Syansu Bridge". Highestbridges.com. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "The goan connection". Constructionopportunities.in. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Zuari River Bridge Project - 640m Cable Stay Span". Portfolio.cept.ac.in. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Jeakle, David; Sauer, Devin. The Basohli Cable Stayed Bridge, India (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Calatozzo, Erica; Montens, Serge; Muls, Mathieu; Touat, Arezki; Vollery, Jean-Charles (October 2017). "Le Pont de Chambal au Rajasthan" [The Chambal Bridge in Rajasthan] (PDF). Revue Travaux (in French). Vol. 936. pp. 68–75. ISSN 0041-1906.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Chambal Cable Stayed Bridge Connecting Shores". Nbmcw.com. September 2008. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Design of Missing Link Cable Stay Bridges, from km 0+000 to 13+300 & Upgrading to 8 lane from km 32+800 km to 38+660 km under capacity augmentation of Mumbai, Republic of India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design & Engineering Services - Republic of India. March 2022. p. 2.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Mumbai-Pune Expressway Missing Link project: Maharashtra to get India's highest cable-stayed road bridge". The Indian Express. October 10, 2022. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Sharma, B.K. (September 2018). "The cable-stayed railway bridge crossing the Anji KKhad river along the new bg railway line Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla-J&K state, India" (PDF). Him Prabhat - USBRL Technical News Magazine. Vol. 11. pp. 42–49.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Sultangani Cable Stay Bridge, State of Bihar, India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design Services. June 2020. p. 39.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "4 Lane Cable Stayed Bridge with Footpath across the Ganges between Sultanganj & Aguwanighat Connecting NH 31 & NH80 in Bihar". Spsingla.com - S.P. Singla Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Veje, Ejgil M.; Ali, Asghar; Najfi, Rashid (2000). "Yanmuna Bridge at Allahabad/Naini, Uttar Pradesh". International Conference on Suspension, Cable Supported, and Cable Stayed Bridges. Hyderabad: Universities Press. pp. 204–218. ISBN 978-81-7371-271-5.
- ^ "Yamuna Bridge at Wazirabad, Dehli, conceptual and structural design". Steel Structures & Metal Buildings (PDF). Vol. 1. February 2011.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Schlaich, Mike (March 2018). "The Yamuna Bridge in New Delhi, India". Bruggen (PDF). Vol. 1. pp. 4–9. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ a b "Details of package IV". Bandraworlisealink.com. Archived from the original on May 12, 2012.
- ^ "Design of the New 4-lane Bridge (Parallel to the MG Setu) with its approaches from km 0/0 to km14/500 across river Ganga on NH-19 at Patna in the State of Bihar, Republic of India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design & Engineering Services - Republic of India. March 2022. p. 3.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Bihar: Bidding junked over China links, new Ganga bridge get seven fresh bids". The Times of India. August 5, 2020. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Span of Success" (PDF). CW Construction World. Vol. 23. December 2020. pp. 28–30.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Hyderabad's Durgam Cheruvu cable bridge witnesses another milestone". The New Indian Express. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ https://www.livehindustan.com/uttarakhand/rishikesh/story-g-20-guests-39-vehicles-will-pass-through-janki-jhula-setu-8170571.html
- ^ https://hindi.news18.com/news/uttarakhand/rishikesh-janki-setu-rishikesh-after-the-beautfication-it-looks-more-beautiful-and-attractive-6466771.html
- ^ "Better connectivity in Sikkim! Two-lane steel bridge over Kanaka river likely to be completed by March 2021". The Financial Express (India). Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Construction of the new six lane bridge including approaches over the river Ganga on NH-96 (New NH-330) at Phaphamau Prayagraj in the state of U.P. Republic of India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design & Engineering Services - Republic of India. March 2022. p. 5.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "State's first extradosed six-lane bridge coming up in Prayag". The Times of India. May 30, 2021. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Construction of new six lane bridge including its approaches across River Ganga on NH-96 (New NH-330) at Phaphamau, Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh on EPC mode". Spsingla.com - S.P. Singla Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Brahmaputra / Guwahati Cable Stay Bridge, Republic of India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design Services. June 2020. p. 25.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "198 meter span suspension bridge over Singshore Khola inaugurated by Shri N.B. Bhandari, the hon'ble chief Minister of Sikkim on the 20th January 1993". Tripadvisor. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Heggade, V.N.; Pattiwar, S. (May 2010). "Extra-dosing Girder Bridges in Indian Sub Continent". 3rd fib Congress Washington USA. Vol. 1. FIB - Fédération Internationale du Béton. pp. 184–200. ISBN 978-1-61782-821-8.
- ^ "Politics delayed Bilaspur's Baagchal bridge construction, will be completed by 201". Himachalwatcher.com. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Table 6.2.1 Span Arrangement on Main Bridge-1" (PDF). The preparatory survey on the project for construction of Mumbai Trans Harbour Link in the Republic of India - final report. Japan International Cooperation Agency. January 2017.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "MMRDA launches longest steel deck on Mumbai-Trans Harbour Link". Infra.economictimes.indiatimes.com. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Mumbai Trans Harbour Link (MTHL) Project". Mthlgc.in. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Chattaraj, Rajib (2020). "Construction of high-level major bridge on river hatania-doania of nh-117 in the district of south 24 parganas, west bengal- challenges, innovations and success of epc model". Indian Roads Congress Journal.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "High Level Major Bridge on river Hatania-Doania West Bengal". Spsingla.com - S.P. Singla Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ a b Meyer, Henry Coddington; Wingate, Charles Frederick (1890). "Erection of the Hooghly Jubilee Bridge, India. Part I - Piers, Caissons, Abutments and Viaduct". Engineering Record, Building Record and Sanitary Engineer. Vol. 22. McGraw Publishing Company. pp. 277–278.
- ^ a b Singh, 2022, Old Jubilee Bridge in Kolkata. p. 112.
- ^ "Highlight Of Project - Motor Vehicle Bridge at Chinyalisaur, Distt Uttatarkashi, Uttarakhand". Hillways.co.in - Hillways Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
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- ^ Sanjay, Patil Shantanu (2014–2015). "Construction Challenges For Bridges In Hilly Areas". SlideShare. p. 19. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Jubilee Bridge - Sampreeti Setu, Engineering Masterpieces of the Indian Railways". Railenthusiastindia.org.in. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ a b Heggade, V.N. New saraighat bridge‐ a vital link to gateway of north east. CEMCON 2017.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Construction of " Pandit Dindayal Upadhyay" - Cable Stay Bridge across river Tapi joining Athwa & Adajan" (PDF). Suratmunicipalcorporation.org. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
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- ^ Design & Construction of New mandovi Bridge. S.N. Bhobe & Associates Pvt. Ltd. January 2020.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Cable stay bridge at river Mandovi, Panaji Goa". Portfolio.cept.ac.in. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "PCI Projects Consulting India (P) Ltd. : Company Profile". Slideplayer.com. p. 9. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
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- ^ "Balanced Cantilever Bridge at Chambapattan, Himachal Pradesh". Spsingla.com - S.P. Singla Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Major Permanent Bridge with balance cantilever Superstructure over river Satluj at Akpa in Himachal Pradesh". Spsingla.com - S.P. Singla Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "VBSL Project Concept - Versova–Bandra Sea Link". Msrdc-vbsl.com - Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Afzal, T.M.; Solanki, N.K. (February 2019). "Dynamic Analysis of an Extradosed Bridge" (PDF). International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development. Vol. 6. ISSN 2348-4470. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 18, 2021.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Extradosed Bridge over the river Ganga on NH-31 to Shivpur Diyar Nambri Marg at Sri Rampur Ghat in District Balia, India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design Services. June 2020. p. 29.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Project detail : H.L. Bridge across river Ganga". Spsingla.com - S.P. Singla Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Khagaria Cable Stay Bridge, State of Bihar, India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design Services. June 2020. p. 41.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "The Nagpur Mumbai Package-15 FCC bridge, Republic of India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design & Engineering Services - Republic of India. March 2022. p. 4.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "187m long Balanced Cantilever Bridge having 137m central span over river Chenab at Akhnoor, J&K". Spsingla.com - S.P. Singla Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Balance Cantilever Bridge having Central Span of 135m at Bhaleth in Himanchal Pradesh". Spsingla.com - S.P. Singla Construction Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Howrah Cable Stay Bridge, Republic of India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design Services. June 2020. p. 28.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Chakrabarti, S.P.; Saha, G.P.; Sharma, R.S. (March 1992). "Foundations for deep scour: Ganga bridge at Varanasi". IABSE fourteenth congress (New Delhi). pp. 449–454. doi:10.5169/seals-13860. ISBN 3-85748-075-0.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "India's longest road-rail bridge to be inaugurated by PM Modi this year". The Times of India. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ a b Mathur, A.K.; Shukla, S.S.; Gupta, J. (July 2015). "Launching of fully welded steel long span bridges: Bogibeel Bridge". Multi-Span Large Bridges: International Conference on Multi-Span Large Bridges. Porto, Portugal: CRC Press. pp. 591–598. ISBN 978-1-138-02757-2.
- ^ Saha, S.K.; Das, B.N.; Mandal, J. "Model Project on Construction of Naranarayan Setu over river Brahmaputra at Jogighopa" (PDF). Wiki.iricen.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-04-14.
- ^ "Ganga River Bridge". Systraibt.com - SYSTRA IBT. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ a b Indian Engineering Heritage (Railways), Fourth Report, 2015, p.84, 85
- ^ a b "Railway Bridges Across Zuari and Mandovi River Goa for Konkan Railway" (PDF). Afconsindia.com - Afcons Infrastructure. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 14, 2007.
- ^ Prasad, Rajesh. Implementation of 4-lane Cable Stayed ROB at Barddhaman – future fast track model for new ROB over busy yard (PDF). Rail Vikas Nigam Limited.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Staying with cables - A modern construction in new era - Four-lane cable-stayed ROB at Barddhaman". SlideShare. Rail Vikas Nigam Limited. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Patna Rail-cum-Road Bridge. East Central Railway, Ircon International Limited. 2017. p. 93. ISBN 9788193380581.
- ^ "जेपी सेतु दोहरीकरण के बारे में ये लेेटेस्ट अपडेट" [This latest update about JP Setu doubling]. Patnanow.com (in Hindi). Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Venkatesulu, G.; Sastry, M.V.; Shanbhag, U.S. (1984). "Bridge Across Kali River on NH 17 Near Karwar". Journal of the Indian Roads Congress. Vol. 58. ISSN 0258-0500.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ a b Data Collection Survey on Bridge Sector - Final Report, 2014, p.28
- ^ Patna Rail-cum-Road Bridge. East Central Railway, Ircon International Limited. 2017. p. XXIII. ISBN 9788193380581.
- ^ a b Data Collection Survey on Bridge Sector - Final Report, 2014, p.27
- ^ "Himanta Biswa Sarma To Inaugurate The New Bridge Over Barak On Feb 25". Barakbulletin.com. February 21, 2019. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Fully renovated Gandhi Setu to be inaugurated on June 7 in Patna". Constructionworld.in. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Reddi, S.A. (1986). "Quality concrete production for Ganga bridge, Patna, India". IABSE Symposium (Tokyo) - International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. Vol. 51. pp. 301–308. doi:10.5169/seals-39591.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Bihar's MG Setu is India's longest steel bridge". INsight. Vol. 12. July 2022. pp. 3–5.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Gandhi Setu: An engineering marvel". The Times of India. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Ganga Bridge - Munger, Bihar". Bbjconst.com - The Braithwaite, Burn & Jessop Construction Company Limited, Kolkata. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "New bridge parallel to Kolia Bhomora Setu opened". Sentinelassam.com. November 2, 2022. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Construction of bridge across river between Aldona and Calvim". Gsidcltd.com - GSIDC Limited. Archived from the original on August 15, 2015. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Ashoka Buildcon creating history with India's First 8 – Lane Extradosed Bridge". Nbmcw.com. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "12 years on, Ramnagar bridge yet to see light of the day". Hindustan Times. 6 March 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2023.
- ^ "PM likely to launch Delhi-Amritsar-Katra e-way on Wednesday". The Times of India. January 2, 2022. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Centre approves India's 1st cable-cum-suspension bridge across Krishna river". Hindustan Times. October 15, 2022. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ Gadkari, Nitin (October 15, 2022). "Iconic Krishna bridge on NH-167K : Connecting Telangana & Andhra Pradesh". Youtube.com. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Amravati Cable Stay Bridge, Republic of India" (PDF). Wiecon Project Reference Catalogue - Bridge Design Services. June 2020. p. 23.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Andhra CM lays foundation for Iconic 'Kuchipudi' Bridge". Deccan Herald. January 12, 2019. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- ^ "Jagan govt begins demolition of Iconic Bridge in Amaravathi!". Telugu360.com. July 17, 2021. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
Further reading edit
- Bhandari, R.R. (2006). "Bridges: The Spectacular Feat of Indian Engineering" (PDF). Indian Railways, Glorious 150 years. Publications Division, Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Government of India. ISBN 8123012543. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 5, 2016.
- Bhide, M.C.; Matange, H.D. (2001). "Arch Bridge Architectural and Constructional Developments in India". Arch'01 : Troisième conférence internationale sur les ponts en arc - Abdunur, Charles. Paris: Presses de l'Ecole nationale des ponts et chaussées. pp. 105–111. ISBN 2-85978-347-4.
- Data Collection Survey on Bridge Sector - Final Report (PDF). Japan International Cooperation Agency - Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. April 2014.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - Deloche, Jean (1984). The Ancient Bridges of India. New Delhi: Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Scientific Research.
- Harper, Douglas (2015). River, Railway and Ravine: Foot Suspension Bridges for Empire. History Press. ISBN 978-0-7509-6213-1.
- IABSE Colloquium (New Delhi): Foundations for major bridges: design and construction. Vol. 80. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. 1999.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - IABSE fourteenth congress (New Delhi). International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. March 1992. ISBN 3-85748-075-0.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - "Indian Engineering Heritage (Railways), Fourth Report" (PDF). Inae.in. Indian National Academy of Engineering. April 2015. pp. 45–92. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2020.
- Prade, Marcel (1990). "L'Inde". Les Grands Ponts du Monde : Ponts Remarquables Hors d'Europe [The Great Bridges of the World: Remarkable Bridges Outside Europe]. Art et patrimoine (in French). Poitiers: Brissaud. p. 233. ISBN 2-902170-68-8.
- Singh, Yatindra Pal (2022). Iconic Bridges of Indian Railways. Blue Rose Publishers. ISBN 978-93-5611-461-6.
External links edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to List of bridges in India.
- "Brücken in der Indien" [Bridges in India]. Brueckenweb.de (in German).
- Denenberg, David. "Suspension Bridges of India". Bridgemeister.com.
- Sakowski, Eric. "Category: Bridges in India". Highestbridges.com.