This is a list of sieges, land and naval battles of the War of the Second Coalition (1798/9 – 1801/2, depending on periodisation). It includes the battles of:
- the French campaign in Egypt and Syria (July 1799 – September 1801);[1]
- the Naples campaign in central and southern Italy (November 1798 – January 1799);[2]
- the Sanfedisti campaign in central and southern Italy (February–June 1799);[3]
- the Austro-Russian expedition in Italy and Switzerland (April–December 1799);[3]
- the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland (August–November 1799);[2]
- the Marengo campaign in northern Italy (April–June 1800);[4]
- the Danube campaign in southern Germany (May–June 1800);[4]
- the Hohenlinden campaign in Bavaria (November–December 1800);[4]
- the War of the Oranges in Portugal (May–June 1801);[5]
- overseas naval or colonial territories (insofar these were not part of the Haitian Revolution or East Indies theatre);
- insurrections in Paris that overtook or threatened to overtake the central government.
It does not include battles from the Haitian Revolution (1791–1804), nor the East Indies theatre of the French Revolutionary Wars (1793–1801), nor the Chouannerie (1794–1800), nor the Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808) (including the 1801 Algeciras campaign), nor the French invasion of Switzerland (January–May 1798), nor the Irish Rebellion of 1798, nor Mediterranean campaign of 1798, nor the Peasants' War (1798), nor the Quasi-War (1798–1800), nor the Stecklikrieg (1802), as these did not involve the Second Coalition as such.
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See also edit
- List of battles of the War of the First Coalition (20 April 1792 – 18 October 1797)
- List of battles of the War of the Third Coalition (1803/1805–1805/1806)
- List of battles of the War of the Fourth Coalition (9 October 1806 – 9 July 1807)
- List of battles of the War of the Fifth Coalition (10 April – 14 October 1809)
- List of battles of the War of the Sixth Coalition (3 March 1813 – 30 May 1814)
- List of battles of the Hundred Days (War of the Seventh Coalition) (15/20 March – 8 July / 16 August 1815)
Notes edit
- ^ a b At this time, the British and Ottomans were co-belligents; no formal alliance would be concluded until December 1798. The Battle of the Nile may be considered part of both the Mediterranean campaign of 1798 and the French campaign in Egypt and Syria.
- ^ Russia and the Ottoman Empire concluded an alliance in December 1798.
- ^ Although a formal alliance between Austria and Naples had been concluded on 19 May 1798, and Austrian general Karl Mack von Leiberich commanded the Neapolitan troops, there were no Austrian troops and formally no Austrian involvement in this campaign. France did declare war on Naples on 6 December 1798, but would not declare war on Austria until 12 March 1799.[2]
- ^ Following the refusal to enter in alliance against the Two Sicilies, France declared war on both Naples and Piedmont-Sardinia the same day, December 6. The Piedmontese Republic was proclaimed on 10 December 1798. The Sardinian king Charles Emmanuel IV fled to Cagliari.
- ^ The following day, the Convention of Alessandria was signed: a truce between France and Austria that would last from 15 June until 22 November 1800.
- ^ At this time, the British and Ottomans were still allies fighting against France (since December 1798), even though most other members of the Second Coalition had already signed separate peace treaties. The alliance would be suspended by the Franco–Ottoman truce of Paris (9 October 1801), come to an end by the Anglo-French Treaty of Amiens (25 March 1802), and the war would be formally concluded by the Franco–Ottoman Treaty of Paris (25 June 1802).
References edit
- ^ Dinç, Güven (2016). "The Ports of Cyprus and the French Invasion of Egypt (1798–1801)". Mediterranean Studies. 24 (1). Mediterranean Studies Association / Penn State University Press: 39. doi:10.5325/mediterraneanstu.24.1.0023. S2CID 130729612. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
For this reason, the French invasion of Egypt, which was a part of the War of the Second Coalition, is regarded as the end of French supremacy in the Levant.
- ^ a b c Michael Ray, Robert Curley (14 February 2017). "French Revolutionary wars § Formation of the Second Coalition, French dispositions and the campaigns of 1799". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
- ^ a b Moskal, Jeanne (2001). Rebellious Hearts: British Women Writers and the French Revolution. Albany, New York: SUNY Press. p. 165. ISBN 9780791490648. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
- ^ a b c Michael Ray, Gloria Lotha (18 March 2020). "Napoleonic Wars § The Marengo campaign, The Danube campaign and Hohenlinden". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
- ^ Folsom, Bradley (2017). Arredondo: Last Spanish Ruler of Texas and Northeastern New Spain. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 28. ISBN 9780806158242. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
...a brief affair known as the War of the Oranges, a proxy conflict of the War of the Second Coalition, which had begun in 1798.
- ^ a b c Durant, Will; Durant, Ariel (2011). The Age of Napoleon: The Story of Civilization, Volume XI. Simon and Schuster. p. 589. ISBN 9781451647686. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ^ A.Mathiez/G.Lefebvre, La Rivoluzione francese, vol. II, pp. 432–434.
- ^ See Suvorov's Swiss campaign § The march to Glarus
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