List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 11

This is a list of cases reported in volume 11 (7 Cranch) of United States Reports, decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1812 and 1813.[1]

Supreme Court of the United States
Map
38°53′26″N 77°00′16″W / 38.89056°N 77.00444°W / 38.89056; -77.00444
EstablishedMarch 4, 1789; 235 years ago (1789-03-04)
LocationWashington, D.C.
Coordinates38°53′26″N 77°00′16″W / 38.89056°N 77.00444°W / 38.89056; -77.00444
Composition methodPresidential nomination with Senate confirmation
Authorized byConstitution of the United States, Art. III, § 1
Judge term lengthlife tenure, subject to impeachment and removal
Number of positions9 (by statute)
Websitesupremecourt.gov

Nominative reports edit

In 1874, the U.S. government created the United States Reports, and retroactively numbered older privately published case reports as part of the new series. As a result, cases appearing in volumes 1–90 of U.S. Reports have dual citation forms; one for the volume number of U.S. Reports, and one for the volume number of the reports named for the relevant reporter of decisions (these are called "nominative reports").

William Cranch edit

Starting with the 5th volume of U.S. Reports, the Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States was William Cranch. Cranch was Reporter of Decisions from 1801 to 1815, covering volumes 5 through 13 of United States Reports which correspond to volumes 1 through 9 of his Cranch's Reports. As such, the dual form of citation to, for example, Wells v. United States is 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) 22 (1812).

Justices of the Supreme Court at the time of 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) edit

The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court . . .". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices).[2] Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices (always including one chief justice).

When the cases in 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) were decided, the Court comprised these seven justices:

Portrait Justice Office Home State Succeeded Date confirmed by the Senate
(Vote)
Tenure on Supreme Court
  John Marshall Chief Justice Virginia Oliver Ellsworth January 27, 1801
(Acclamation)
February 4, 1801

July 6, 1835
(Died)
  Bushrod Washington
Associate Justice Virginia James Wilson December 20, 1798
(Acclamation)
November 9, 1798
(Recess Appointment)

November 26, 1829
(Died)
  William Johnson
Associate Justice South Carolina Alfred Moore March 24, 1804
(Acclamation)
May 7, 1804

August 4, 1834
(Died)
  Henry Brockholst Livingston
Associate Justice New York William Paterson December 17, 1806
(Acclamation)
January 20, 1807

March 18, 1823
(Died)
  Thomas Todd
Associate Justice Kentucky new seat March 2, 1807
(Acclamation)
March 3, 1807

February 7, 1826
(Died)
  Gabriel Duvall
Associate Justice Maryland Samuel Chase November 18, 1811
(Acclamation)
November 23, 1811

January 12, 1835
(Resigned)
  Joseph Story
Associate Justice Massachusetts William Cushing November 18, 1811
(Acclamation)
February 3, 1812

September 10, 1845
(Died)

Notable cases in 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) edit

United States v. Hudson edit

In United States v. Hudson, 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) 32 (1812), the Court held that Congress must first enact a constitutional law criminalizing an activity, attach a penalty, and give the federal courts jurisdiction over the offense for a federal court to render a conviction.

The Schooner Exchange v. M'Faddon edit

In The Schooner Exchange v. McFaddon, 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) 116 (1812), the Court considered the jurisdiction of federal courts over a claim against a friendly foreign military vessel visiting an American port. The court interpreted customary international law to determine that there was no federal jurisdiction.

Fairfax's Devisee v. Hunter's Lessee edit

Fairfax's Devisee v. Hunter's Lessee, 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) 603 (1813), was a case arising out of the acquisition of land in Virginia. For the Court, Justice Joseph Story refused to accept as final the Virginia Court of Appeals' interpretation of Virginia law. He found that precedents in Virginia law itself upheld the titles in question. Story's decision to "look into" Virginia law was a vital step in securing federal supremacy. Otherwise, the federal courts could be effectively blocked, by a state court's decision, from addressing a federal question — in this case a British national's rights under treaties with Britain.[3]

Queen v. Hepburn edit

Queen v. Hepburn, 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) 290 (1813), was a case in which a Maryland slave sued for her freedom. In support of her claim, her attorney offered several depositions containing testimony favorable to her. Chief Justice Marshall, who was a slave-owner, affirmed the lower court's judgment against the woman on the basis that the deposition statements were hearsay, and so were properly excluded from evidence. Dissenting, Justice Gabriel Duvall of Maryland, although also a slave-owner, pointed out that under Maryland law certain hearsay can legitimately be admitted to establish land boundaries, and that hearsay in cases involving freedom should be admitted as well.

Duvall wrote:

"It appears to me that the reason for admitting hearsay evidence upon a question of freedom is much stronger than in cases of . . . the boundaries of land. It will be universally admitted that the right to freedom is more important than the right of property. And people of color from their helpless condition under the uncontrolled authority of a master, are entitled to all reasonable protection. A decision that hearsay evidence in such cases shall not be admitted, cuts up by the roots all claims of the kind, and puts a final end to them, unless the claim should arise from a fact of recent date, and such a case will seldom, perhaps never, occur."[4]

Citation style edit

Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate (from the US District Courts) jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction (i.e., in which cases could be filed directly with the Supreme Court without first having been heard by a lower federal or state court). There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.

Bluebook citation style is used for case names, citations, and jurisdictions.

List of cases in 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) edit

Case Name Page and year Opinion of the Court Concurring opinion(s) Dissenting opinion(s) Lower Court Disposition
Hudson v. Guestier 1 (1812) per curiam none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Fitzsimmons v. Ogden 2 (1812) Washington none none C.C.D.N.Y. affirmed
The Brig James Wells 22 (1812) Washington none none C.C.D. Conn. affirmed
Maryland Insurance Company v. Le Roy 26 (1812) Johnson none none C.C.D. Md. reversed
United States v. Hudson 32 (1812) Johnson none none C.C.D. Conn. certification
Shirras v. Caig 34 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D. Ga. certification
Schooner Paulina 52 (1812) Marshall Johnson Johnson C.C.D.R.I. reversed
Russell v. Clark's Executors 69 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.R.I. reversed
Bingham v. Morris 99 (1812) per curiam none none not indicated overruled
Catherine v. United States 99 (1812) per curiam none none not indicated dismissed
The Sloop Active 100 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D. Conn. reversed
Hawthorne v. United States 107 (1812) Marshall none none D. Orleans commission granted
United States v. Goodwin 108 (1812) Washington none none C.C.D. Pa. dismissed
Whelan v. United States 112 (1812) per curiam none none D. Pa. dismissed
The Brig Eliza 113 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D. Del. certification
United States v. Crosby 115 (1812) Story none none C.C.D. Mass. affirmed
The Schooner Exchange 116 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D. Pa. reversed
Freeland v. Heron Lenox and Company 147 (1812) Duvall none none C.C.D. Va. reversed
Welch v. Mandeville 152 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Marsteller v. M'Clean 156 (1812) Story none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Welch v. Lindo 159 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
New Jersey v. Wilson 164 (1812) Marshall none none N.J. reversed
King v. Riddle 168 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Davy's Executors v. Faw 171 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. reversed
Hughes v. Moore 176 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. reversed
Barton v. Petit 194 (1812) Washington none none C.C.D. Va. reversed
Wilson v. Koontz 202 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Riddle v. Moss 206 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. reversed
Sheehy v. Mandeville 208 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Conway's Executors v. Alexander 218 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. reversed
Dunlop v. Munroe 242 (1812) Johnson none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Wood v. Davis 271 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. reversed
Morgan v. Reintzel 273 (1812) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Caldwell v. Jackson 276 (1812) Marshall none none not indicated rule absolute
Wise and Lynn v. Columbian Turnpike Company 276 (1812) per curiam none none not indicated dismissed
Blackwell v. Patten 277 (1812) per curiam none none not indicated dismissal denied
Wallen v. Williams 278 (1812) Todd Marshall none C.C.D. Tenn. overruled
M'Kim v. Voorhies 279 (1812) Todd none none C.C.D. Ky. certification
Beatty v. Maryland 281 (1812) Duvall Marshall none C.C.D.C. affirmed
United States v. Tyler 285 (1812) Livingston none none C.C.D. Vt. certification
United States v. Gordon 287 (1813) per curiam none none C.C.D. Va. dismissed
Barton v. Petit 288 (1813) Washington none none C.C.D. Va. reversed
Queen v. Hepburn 290 (1813) Marshall none Duvall C.C.D.C. affirmed
Bank of Columbia v. Patterson's Administrator 299 (1813) Story none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Clark's Executors v. Carrington 308 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D.R.I. affirmed
Dickey v. Baltimore Insurance Company 327 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D. Md. reversed
Marine Insurance Company v. Hodgson 332 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Locke v. United States 339 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D. Md. affirmed
The Schooner Good Catharine 349 (1813) per curiam none none C.C.D. Md. affirmed
Bond v. Jay 350 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D. Md. reversed
Preston v. Tremble 354 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D.E. Tenn. affirmed
The Brig Penobscot 356 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D. Ga. affirmed
Caze v. Baltimore Insurance Company 358 (1813) Story none none C.C.D. Md. affirmed
The Schooner Jane 363 (1813) Washington none none C.C.D. Md. affirmed
Lee v. Munroe 366 (1813) Livingston none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Herbert v. Wren 370 (1813) Marshall none Johnson C.C.D.C. reversed
The Brig Aurora 382 (1813) Johnson none none D. Orleans reversed
The Schooner Hoppet 389 (1813) Marshall none none D. Orleans multiple
Mutual Assurance Society v. Korn 396 (1813) Johnson none none C.C.D.C. reversed
Webster v. Hoban 399 (1813) Livingston none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Maryland Insurance Company v. Wood 402 (1813) Livingston none none C.C.D. Md. affirmed
Ferguson v. Harwood 408 (1813) Story none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Biays v. Chesapeake Insurance Company 415 (1813) Livingston none none C.C.D. Md. affirmed
Stark v. Chesapeake Insurance Company 420 (1813) per curiam none none C.C.D. Md. reversed
Williams v. Armroyd 423 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D. Pa. affirmed
Smith v. Delaware Insurance Company 434 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D. Md. reversed
Holker v. Parker 436 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D. Mass. reversed
Barnitz's Lessee v. Casey 456 (1813) Story none none C.C.D. Md. affirmed
Blackwell v. Patton's Lessee 471 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D.W. Tenn. affirmed
Mills v. Duryee 481 (1813) Story none Johnson C.C.D.C. affirmed
Oliver v. Maryland Insurance Company 487 (1813) Marshall Livingston, Story none C.C.D. Md. affirmed
The Brig Caroline 496 (1813) per curiam none none C.C.D.S.C. reversed
Riggs v. Lindsay 500 (1813) Livingston none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
M'Intire v. Wood 504 (1813) Johnson none none C.C.D. Ohio reversed
Livingston v. Maryland Insurance Company 506 (1813) Marshall Story none C.C.D. Md. reversed
Young v. Grundy 548 (1813) Livingston none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Palmer v. Allen 550 (1813) Johnson none none Conn. reversed
Young v. Black 565 (1813) Story Livingston; Johnson; Marshall none C.C.D.C. reversed
The Schooner Anne 570 (1813) Marshall none none C.C.D.S.C. reversed
United States v. January 572 (1813) Duvall none none C.C.D. Ky. reversed
United States v. Patterson 575 (1813) Duvall none none C.C.D. Ky. reversed
Livingston v. Dorgenois 577 (1813) per curiam none none D. Orleans mandamus granted
Otis v. Bacon 589 (1813) Washington none none Mass. affirmed
Thornton v. Carson 596 (1813) Washington none none C.C.D.C. affirmed
Wallen v. Williams 602 (1813) per curiam none none C.C.D.E. Tenn. reversed
Fairfax's Devisee v. Hunter's Lessee 603 (1813) Story none Johnson Va. reversed

Notes and references edit

  1. ^ Anne Ashmore, DATES OF SUPREME COURT DECISIONS AND ARGUMENTS, Library, Supreme Court of the United States, 26 December 2018.
  2. ^ "Supreme Court Research Guide". Georgetown Law Library. Retrieved April 7, 2021.
  3. ^ Haskins and Johnson, Foundations of Power, vol. 2, Oliver Wendell Holmes Devise, 597–599
  4. ^ 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) at 298-299

See also edit

External links edit