Kineshma (Russian: Кинешма), the second-largest town in Ivanovo Oblast in Russia, sprawls for 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) along the Volga River, 335 kilometers north-east of Moscow. Population: 77,694 (2021 Census);[8] 88,164 (2010 Census);[2] 95,233 (2002 Census);[9] 105,037 (1989 Census).[10]
Kineshma
Кинешма | |
|---|---|
 View of Kineshma from the Volga | |
.png) Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Kineshma  | |
  Kineshma Location of Kineshma  Kineshma Kineshma (Ivanovo Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 57°26′N 42°08′E / 57.433°N 42.133°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Ivanovo Oblast[1] |
| First mentioned | 1429 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 49 km2 (19 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 110 m (360 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 88,164 |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 82,995 (−5.9%) |
| • Rank | 191st in 2010 |
| • Density | 1,800/km2 (4,700/sq mi) |
| • Subordinated to | Town of Kineshma[4] |
| • Capital of | Kineshemsky District,[1] Town of Kineshma |
| • Urban okrug | Kineshma Urban Okrug[5] |
| • Capital of | Kineshma Urban Okrug,[5] Kineshemsky Municipal District[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [6]) |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 155800 - 155819 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 49331 |
| OKTMO ID | 24705000001 |
| Website | www |
Etymology edit
From a substrate Finno-Ugric language (cf. Meadow Mari: кыне ('kine', < Proto-Finno-Permic *känз), "hemp").[11]
History edit
Kineshma was first noticed as a posad in 1429.[12] In 1504, Ivan III gave it to Prince Feodor Belsky, who escaped to Moscow from Lithuania and married Ivan's niece. Later on, Ivan the Terrible gave Kineshma to Ivan Petrovich Shuisky, but after the latter's death it was returned to the Tsar in 1587. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Kineshma was a major fishing center, which supplied sturgeon for the Tsar's table. In 1608, it was twice ravaged by the Poles. Throughout its history, Kineshma belonged to different Russian regions, including Archangelgorod Governorate, Yaroslavl Province of Saint Petersburg Governorate, and Moscow Governorate.
Administrative and municipal status edit
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kineshma serves as the administrative center of Kineshemsky District,[1] even though it is not a part of it.[4] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the Town of Kineshma—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[4] As a municipal division, the Town of Kineshma is incorporated as Kineshma Urban Okrug.[5]
Economy edit
Since the 18th century, the town's main industry has been textile manufacturing. Like all the textile centers in Russia, the town's prosperity declined after the perestroika. [citation needed]
Architecture edit
Kineshma's principal landmark is the Trinity Cathedral, built in 1838–1845 to a typical Neoclassical design. There are also several 18th-century churches in the town. The neighborhoods of Kineshma contain estates and museums of Alexander Ostrovsky, Alexander Borodin, and Fyodor Bredikhin.
In 2010, Kineshma was granted status of a town of historical significance.
Religion edit
Currently there are eleven churches, nine of which are active, and three chapels.
Notable people edit
- Alexander Borodin, composer and chemist
- Fyodor Bredikhin, astronomer
- Sergey Klyugin, Olympic high jumper
- Alexander Ostrovsky, writer
- Andrei Semenov, mixed martial artist
- Kostromin, musical artist
Twin towns – sister cities edit
Vantaa, Finland
Baranavichy, Belarus
Gudauta, Abkhazia
See also edit
References edit
Notes edit
- ^ a b c d Law #145-OZ
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
- ^ a b c Law #145-OZ stipulates that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. The Law #42-OZ, which describes the borders and the composition of Kineshemsky District, does not list the town of Kineshma as a part of that district.
- ^ a b c d Law #124-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Матвеев А. К. (2015). Субстратная топонимия Русского Севера. IV. Топонимия мерянского типа. Vol. 4. Екатеринбург: Изд-во Урал. ун-та. pp. 156–157. (in Russian)
- ^ "General Information" (in Russian). Kineshemsky District. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
- ^ "Города побратимы". admkineshma.ru (in Russian). Kineshma. Retrieved 2020-02-05.
Sources edit
- Ивановская областная Дума. Закон №145-ОЗ от 14 декабря 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ивановской области», в ред. Закона №2-ОЗ от 4 февраля 2015 г. «Об отдельных вопросах правового регулирования в сфере присвоения наименований географическим объектам и переименования географических объектов на территории Ивановской области». Вступил в силу через 10 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства Ивановской области", №50(519), 30 декабря 2010 г. (Ivanovo Oblast Duma. Law #145-OZ of December 14, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Ivanovo Oblast, as amended by the Law #2-OZ of February 4, 2015 On Various Issues of the Legal Regulation in the Area of Assigning Names to Geographical Objects and Renaming the Geographical Objects on the Territory of Ivanovo Oblast. Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Ивановской области. Закон №124-ОЗ от 29 сентября 2004 г. «О муниципальных районах и городских округах», в ред. Закона №7-ОЗ от 12 января 2005 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Ивановской области "О муниципальных районах и городских округах"». Вступил в силу 1 октября 2004 г. Опубликован: "Ивановская газета", №189 (3327), 1 октября 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Ivanovo Oblast. Law #124-OZ of September 29, 2004 On the Municipal Districts and Urban Okrugs, as amended by the Law #7-OZ of January 12, 2005 On Amending the Law of Ivanovo Oblast "On the Municipal Districts and Urban Okrugs". Effective as of October 1, 2004.).
External links edit
- Official website of Kineshma (in Russian)
- 168 chasov, city news