Kahukuranui was a Māori ariki (chieftain) of the Ngāti Kahungunu iwi and ancestor of the Ngāti Kahukuranui hapū of Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti. He led an expedition to Te Pōrangahau in order to avenge Tūpouriao and marry his widow Tū-teihonga. He may have lived in the fifteenth or sixteenth centuries.[1]
Life edit
Kahukuranui was the son of Kahungunu and Rongomaiwahine. He was born at Nukutaura on Mahia Peninsula and was the only one of their children to receive a whare-kōhanga ("nest house"), a building specially erected for the mother to give birth in.[2] Through his father, he was a direct descendant of Tamatea Arikinui, captain of the Tākitimu canoe.[3] Through his mother, he was probably descended from Ruawharo, the tohunga (priest) of the Tākitimu, and Popoto, one of the captains of the Kurahaupō canoe.[4] Mitchell characterises him as a man of peace, like his father, who secured his position through marriages, notably with Ruatapu-wahine, an adoptive daughter of his maternal grandfather.[5][6]
Battle of Kai-whakareireia edit
Kahukuranui's brother Tuaiti had married Moetai daughter of Moeahu and settled at Rurutawhao at Aranui (near Frasertown). Tuaiti murdered his brother-in-law Te Rironga, so Moeahu and his son-in-law Rongo-whakaata killed Tuaiti. The elderly Kahungunu went to Wairoa and got the rangatira Wekanui to lead a war party to get revenge on Rongo-whakaata. Kahukuranui also joined the campaign. At the Battle of Kai-whakareireia, Wekanui was victorious and captured a noblewoman named Pou-wharekura (a great-grand-niece of Kahungunu). Wekanui and Kahukuranui both claimed Pou-wharekura. To avoid a conflict, Kahungunu married her himself.[7]
Courting Tū-teihonga edit
Kahukuranui heard that Tūpouriao of Ōtātara (near Taradale) had been killed in battle with Te Pōrangahau and resolved to marry Tūpouriao's beautiful widow Tū-teihonga. He arrived at Ōtātara at night and Tū-teihonga would not see him, so he stood outside where she was sleeping and said ure whakapā-ko-ko ("penis touches it") and she said Ko wai tēnei e whakapā-ko-ko mai nei? ("Who's that there saying 'touches it'?"). Kahukuranui announced himself and his wish to marry her, but she said that she would not remarry until Tūpouriao had been avenged.[8]
Therefore, Kahukuranui set out for Te Pōrangahau's settlement, also called Te Pōrangahau (south of Waipukurau) with a war party of 250 men. Tū-te-ihonga said that Te Pōrangahau would be identifiable as a man in a cloak of kākā feathers, wielding a taiaha-kura. Te Pōrangahau appeared and single-handedly drove back the attackers, until he reached Kahukuranui, who took him captive and brought him back to Ōtātara, where Tū-te-ihonga killed him. She then married Kahukuranui.
Family edit
Kahukuranui married Ruatapuwahine,[9] Their children were:[10]
- Rākei-hikuroa (son), ancestor of the Ngāti Kahungunu hapu in Heretaunga
- Rongomai-tara (daughter), who married her cousin Kahutapere (son of Tamatea-kota and grandson of Kahungunu), and later Tautuhika.[11]
- Tara-ki-uta and Tara-ki-tai (twin sons of Kahutapere, murdered by Rākei-hikuroa or his son Tupurupuru.
- Te Aonui (son of Tautuhika), married Paikuha:
He also married Tū-te-ihonga. Their children were the ancestors of the main line of Ngāti Kahungunu:[13][10]
- Hinemanuhiri (daughter), who married Pukaru, the son of Ruapani (her maternal grandfather and paternal great grandfather), with whom she had five children:[14]
- Tama-te-rangi (son), ancestor of Ngāi Tamaterangi
- Makoro (son), who married Hine-te-ata
- Hingānga (son):[15]
- Tikitiki
- Kauaetere
- Ngoingoi, who married Te Arero, descendant of Maru-papa-nui of Tuhoe:
- Pourangahua, ancestor of Ngāti Hingānga / Te Aitanga o Pourangahua
- Pupuni (son)
- Pare-ora (daughter)
- Rakaipaaka (son), ancestor of Ngāti Rakaipaaka
Finally, he married Hinekumu and had one child:[13]
- Tamanuhiri.
Commemoration edit
The Ngāti Kahukuranui hapū of Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti is named after Kahukuranui.
At Omāhu marae, which is linked to Ngāti Kahungunu, the wharenui is named Kahukuranui and the whare kai (dining hall) is named after his first wife Ruatapuwahine.[16] At Kahungunu Marae at Nūhaka, which is linked to Ngāti Rakaipaaka, Kahukuranui was depicted on one of the original poupou (carved wall panels) of the wharenui, when it was opened in 1947. Later, his name was also given to the tiki carved on the koruru (gable) of the wharenui.[17] This location that is traditionally reserved for the chief ancestor honoured by the marae.[18]
References edit
- ^ Mitchell 2014, p. 80.
- ^ "Kahukuranui". Kahungunu Marae. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, pp. 54–55 gives the line of descent as Kahungunu - Tamatea Urehaea - Rongokako - Tamatea Arikinui.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, p. 88.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, p. 94.
- ^ Te Waitohioterangi 2020.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, pp. 83–85.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, pp. 94–95.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, p. tab. 10 says she was the daughter of Kahukura-nui's maternal grandfather Ruapani and Uenuku-koihe. Te Waitohioterangi 2020 says she was the biological daughter of Tuhoropunga, who had been adopted by Ruapani.
- ^ a b Parsons 1997, p. 33.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, p. 116.
- ^ a b Mitchell 2014, p. tab. 1.
- ^ a b Mitchell 2014, p. 96.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, p. 100.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, p. tab. 14.
- ^ "Omāhu". Maori Maps. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
- ^ "Ngā Poupou". Kahungunu Marae. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
- ^ Mitchell 2014, p. 204.
Bibliography edit
- Mitchell, J. H. (2014). Takitimu: A History of Ngati Kahungunu. Libro International. ISBN 978-1-877514-72-2.
- Parsons, Patrick (1997). WAI 400: The Ahuriri Block: Maori Cusomary Interests (PDF). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
- Te Waitohioterangi, Tanith Wirihana (2020). "Tupurupuru and the Murder of the top [spinning] twins". Nga Korero. Retrieved 30 June 2022. (an account of the conflict between Rākei-hikuroa and Kahutapere transmitted from Hiraina Riria Pere, Hetekia Te Kani Pere II, and Hiraina Hinetoko).