A Künstlerroman (German pronunciation: [ˈkʏnstlɐ.ʁoˌmaːn]; plural -ane), meaning "artist's novel" in English, is a narrative about an artist's growth to maturity.[1][2] It could be classified as a sub-category of Bildungsroman: a coming-of-age novel.[3] According to Encyclopaedia Britannica, one way a Künstlerroman may differ from a Bildungsroman is its ending, where a Künstlerroman hero rejects the everyday life, but a Bildungsroman hero settles for being an ordinary citizen.[4] According to Oxford Reference, the difference may lie in a longer view across the Künstlerroman hero's whole life, not just their childhood years.[5]
Examples by language edit
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German edit
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's 1795 Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship
- Ludwig Tieck's 1798 Franz Sternbalds Wanderungen
- Novalis's 1802 Heinrich von Ofterdingen
- Hermann Hesse's Demian (1919) and Klingsor's Last Summer (1920)
- Thomas Mann's Tonio Kröger (1903), and Doctor Faustus (1947)
- Jakob Wassermann's 1915 Das Gänsemännchen
- Rainer Maria Rilke's 1910 The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge
- Eduard Mörike's 1856 Mozart on the way to Prague
English edit
- 1805 William Wordsworth's The Prelude
- 1833–34 Thomas Carlyle's Sartor Resartus
- 1847 Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre
- 1848 Anne Brontë's The Tenant of Wildfell Hall
- 1850 Charles Dickens' David Copperfield
- 1852 Herman Melville's Pierre: or, The Ambiguities
- 1856 Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Aurora Leigh
- 1875 Henry James's Roderick Hudson
- 1890 Henry James's The Tragic Muse
- 1901 Miles Franklin's My Brilliant Career
- 1903 Samuel Butler's The Way of All Flesh
- 1908 Henry Handel Richardson's Maurice Guest
- 1909 Jack London's Martin Eden
- 1913 D. H. Lawrence's Sons and Lovers
- 1915 W. Somerset Maugham's Of Human Bondage
- 1915 Willa Cather's The Song of the Lark
- 1916 James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man[1]
- 1918 Wyndham Lewis's Tarr
- 1920 F. Scott Fitzgerald's This Side of Paradise
- 1928 Radclyffe Hall's The Well of Loneliness
- 1929 Thomas Wolfe's Look Homeward, Angel
- 1933 Malcolm Lowry's Ultramarine
- 1936 George Orwell's Keep the Aspidistra Flying
- 1939 John Fante's Ask the Dust
- 1943 Betty Smith's A Tree Grows in Brooklyn
- 1945 Richard Wright's Black Boy
- 1946 Philip Larkin's Jill
- 1947 W.O. Mitchell's Who Has Seen the Wind
- 1952 Patricia Highsmith's The Price of Salt
- 1952 Ernest Buckler's The Mountain and the Valley
- 1955 William Gaddis's The Recognitions
- 1961 Irving Stone's The Agony and the Ecstasy
- 1963 Leonard Cohen's The Favourite Game
- 1970 Patrick White's The Vivisector
- 1971 Alice Munro's Lives of Girls and Women
- 1972 Chaim Potok's My Name Is Asher Lev
- 1973 Milan Kundera's Life Is Elsewhere
- 1974 Margaret Laurence's The Diviners
- 1978 John Irving's The World According to Garp
- 1981 Alasdair Gray's Lanark: A Life in Four Books
- 1982 Charles Bukowski's Ham on Rye[6]
- 1985 Jeanette Winterson's Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit[7]
- 1988 Margaret Atwood's Cat's Eye
- 1999 Tracy Chevalier's Girl with a Pearl Earring[8]
- 2003 Jennifer Donnelly's A Northern Light
- 2006 Alison Bechdel's Fun Home
- 2006 Stew's Passing Strange
- 2010 Patti Smith's Just Kids
- 2010 Eileen Myles's Inferno (A Poet's Novel)
- 2010 Wena Poon's Alex y Robert
- 2011 Ben Lerner's Leaving the Atocha Station
- 2017 Ocean Vuong's On Earth We're Briefly Gorgeous
- 2020 Andrew Unger's Once Removed
- 2022 Gabrielle Zevin's Tomorrow, and Tomorrow, and Tomorrow
Notes
- A semiautobiographical narrative takes up two of the four books of Gray's Lanark.
- In John Dos Passos' U.S.A. trilogy, the Camera Eye sections add up to a modernist autobiographical Künstlerroman.
- John Barth's Lost in the Funhouse is a collection of short stories that are often read as a postmodernist Künstlerroman.
French edit
- 1831, 1837 Honoré de Balzac's The Unknown Masterpiece
- 1904–1905 Romain Rolland's Jean-Christophe
- 1913–1927 Marcel Proust's In Search of Lost Time[9][10]
Italian edit
- Gabriele D'Annunzio's Il Piacere, Le Vergini Delle Rocce and Il Fuoco
- 1975 Gavino Ledda's My Father, My Master (Padre Padrone)
- 2012–2015 Elena Ferrante's Neapolitan Novels
Icelandic edit
Russian edit
- Vladimir Nabokov's The Gift
- Leo Tolstoy's trilogy of novellas Childhood, Boyhood, &Youth
Croatian edit
Malayalam edit
Norwegian edit
- 2009–2011 Karl Ove Knausgaard's My Struggle (Knausgård novels)
- 1890 Knut Hamsun's Hunger (“Sult”)
Portuguese edit
- 1883 Maria Benedita Bormann's Lésbia[11]
- 1976 Ferreira Gullar's Poema Sujo
Turkish edit
- 1896–1897 Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil's Blue and Black (Mavi ve Siyah)
- 1972 Oğuz Atay’s Tutunamayanlar
- 1959 Yusuf Atılgan’s Aylak adam
Bengali edit
- 1917-1933 Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's Srikanta
- 1999 Malay Roy Choudhury's Chhotoloker Chhotobela
References edit
- ^ a b Werlock, James P. (2010) The Facts on File companion to the American short story, Volume 2, p.387
- ^ A Studio of One's Own: Fictional Women Painters and the Art of Fiction by Roberta White (page 13) published 2005 by Rosemont Publishing & Printing Crops. Accessed Via Google Books August 13, 2013.
- ^ Germaine de Staël in Germany: Gender and Literary Authority by Judith E. Martin (page 128) 2001 Fairleigh & Dickinson University Press
- ^ "Künstlerroman | literary genre". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ^ "Künstlerroman". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 21 Nov. 2021, from https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100045770.
- ^ Calonne, David Stephen. Charles Bukowski. Reaktion Books, London, 2012. p. 146. ISBN 978-1-78023-023-8
- ^ 'True stories', John Mullan, The Guardian, 27 October 2007.
- ^ Miriam de Paiva Vieira, "From Canvas to Paper: The Novel by Tracy Chevalier", Art and New Media: Vermeer’s Work under Different Semiotic Systems p.19
- ^ John Neary Something and nothingness: the fiction of John Updike & John Fowles p.54
- ^ Gilles Deleuze. Marcel Proust et les signes. Paris: PUF, 1964]
- ^ Rodríguez, Ileana; Szurmuk, Mónica (2015), The Cambridge History of Latin American Women's Literature (ebook), New York: Cambridge University Press, p. 212, ISBN 9781316419106