The Jump River is a small rocky river in north-central Wisconsin.[1] In the late 19th century it was used to drive logs down to the Chippewa River. Today it is recreational, rambling through woods and farmlands, used mostly by fishermen and paddlers.
Geography edit
The Jump is formed at the confluence of the North Fork Jump River and the South Fork Jump River in southwestern Price County, Wisconsin. From there it flows approximately 25 miles (40 km) through Rusk, Taylor and Chippewa counties, emptying into the Holcombe Flowage and joining the Chippewa River, and eventually the Mississippi.
Communities along the river are Sheldon, Jump River, and Prentice.
History edit
The origin of the river's name is the source of minor local controversy. Some say that the name comes from the jumping water in the many rapids which mark nearly the upper half of its course. Others maintain that the river was so-named because a 19th-century forest fire jumped the river. Still others suggest that log drivers named it for the way the water level "jumps" up and down rapidly after rains and thaws. Its name in Ojibwe does not shed light on its present name either, since the Ojibwa call this stream Manidoons-ziibi ("Little Spirit River").[2]
Indians lived along the Jump in the early years, growing little plots of crops on the river bottoms.
Jump River Falls (Big Falls) was once thought the likely rapids where Father René Menard disappeared in 1661 while trying to reach a band of refugee Hurons near Lake Chelsea.[3] Current thought is that he more likely disappeared at the dells of the Big Rib River, in the southeast corner of Taylor county.[4]
Logging on the Jump had begun by 1858.[5] Before that the Jump River valley was covered by heavy forest. The first surveyors in the mid-19th century found hemlock, yellow birch, sugar maple, white pine, black spruce, tamarack, white cedar, and other species, with hemlock most common.[6][7] Crews cut the white pine first and stored the logs through the winter, then drove them down the river to mills at Chippewa and Eau Claire. Logs were driven from April to July.[8] For the winter of 1888 to 1889, the Chippewa Logging Company and Mississippi River Logging Company estimated the cuts on various branches to be:[9]
| Main Chippewa | 75,000,000 board feet |
| ... | ... |
| Main Jump | 7,000,000 board feet |
| South Fork Jump | 13,000,000 board feet |
| North Fork Jump | 5,000,000 board feet |
The last logs were driven down the Jump around 1903.[10] The less buoyant species have been logged ever since, hauled out by rail and truck.
The first bridge across the Jump was the Wisconsin Central Railway's trestle at Prentice, built in the 1870s.[11] The "Black Bridge" above the village of Jump River's swimming hole was built in 1899 and 1900. The SM&P Railway bridge at Jump River was built in 1904. The Range Line wagon bridge in Jump River was built in 1909. It was wrecked by an ice jam in 1913 and repaired. The Albert bridge on what is now county H was built in 1912. The La Follette Bridge just east of Jump River opened in 1933. The worst flood on record occurred around Labor Day of 1941. Days of rain raised the river level about twelve feet, destroying the Black Bridge and washing out approaches to the La Follette and Range Line bridges.[10]
Recreation edit
The Jump is good for canoeing when the water is high enough, with little rapids and boulders to dodge. The banks are largely undeveloped, though roads and farms are often just behind the trees. When the water level is medium to high, the stretch from the village of Jump River to County H or to Sheldon is fun. When the level is higher one can canoe from below Big Falls down to the village, and even above the Falls.[12] Recent water levels at the gauging station at Sheldon are available here.[1]
Fisherman angle in many holes along the river. Fish in the river include northern pike, smallmouth bass, musky, walleye, catfish, redhorse, and suckers. The areas below the North and South Forks are one of twelve areas in Wisconsin where lake sturgeon may be legally harvested.[13]
Big Falls County Park, known locally as "Jump River Falls," surrounds a small gorge where the river tumbles through boulders. It has a picnic area and walking trails along the river. Picnic areas are also at parks in the village of Jump River and Haley Park in Sheldon. Haley Park has a sandy swimming beach, as does "the swimming hole," a mile above the village of Jump River.
In winter when the river is frozen, snowmobiles run along it on the ice.
References edit
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Jump River
- ^ Freelang Ojibwe Dictionary
- ^ Kellogg, Louise P., "The First Missionary in Wisconsin", The Wisconsin Magazine of History, Volume 4, number 4, June 1921.
- ^ Schmirler, A. A. A., "Wisconsin's Lost Missionary: The Mystery of Father Rene Menard", The Wisconsin Magazine of History, Volume 45, number 2, winter, 1961-1962.
- ^ Martin, Alex S. "Interior Field Notes (Apr. 1858)". Board of Commissioners of Public Lands. Retrieved 2011-04-03.
- ^ White, Delos M. "Interior Field Notes (June 1855-July 1855)". Board of Commissioners of Public Lands. Retrieved 4 April 2011.
- ^ Finley, Robert W. "Finley's Presettlement Vegetation". University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1976.
- ^ "Daily Journal - 1882-1890 - Little Falls Dam - Holcombe", Chippewa County Historical Society, reprinted in Malcolm Rosholt's "Lumbermen on the Chippewa"
- ^ Phillips Times, Dec 22, 1888, quoting Chippewa Times, reprinted in Rosholt's "Lumbermen on the Chippewa".
- ^ a b Nagel, Paul. I Remember; I Remember: History and Lore of Jump River Wisconsin, 1986.
- ^ Forrester, George (February 1891). Historical and Biographical Album of the Chippewa Valley Wisconsin. Chicago, Ill.: A. Warner. p. 356.
- ^ Svob, Mike (2006). Paddling Northern Wisconsin - 85 Great Trips by Canoe and Kayak. Madison, Wisconsin: Trails Books. pp. 62–65.
- ^ "Lake sturgeon hook and line harvest areas | Wisconsin DNR".