Wikipedia

Julio Licinio

Julio Licinio is an Australian American psychiatrist who is SUNY Distinguished Professor[1] at State University of New York Upstate Medical University in Syracuse, New York. He is simultaneously Matthew Flinders Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry at Flinders University in Adelaide.[2][3] Licinio has been Senior Vice President for Academic and Health Affairs, as well as Executive Dean, College of Medicine.[4] Licinio is the founding and current chief editor of three journals from Springer Nature, Molecular Psychiatry,[5] Translational Psychiatry,[6] and Discover Mental Health.[7]

Julio Licinio
Julio Licinio
Born1958
Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
NationalityAmerican, Australian, Brazilian
EducationMD, Federal University of Bahia, 1982.

PhD, Psychiatry, Flinders University, 2017.

MBA, Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University, 2019.

MS, Healthcare Leadership, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, 2019.
Alma materFederal University of Bahia
Known forPharmacogenomics, biology of depression
SpouseMa-Li Wong
Scientific career
FieldsPsychiatry
InstitutionsYale University, NIH Intramural Research Program, UCLA, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, John Curtin School of Medical Research, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and Flinders University, State University of New York Upstate Medical University
Thesis The biology of leptin: Effects on endocrine regulation and its replacement treatment  (2017)

His area of scientific expertise is precision medicine with a focus on pharmacogenomics,[8] as well as the biology of depression, and he has edited books on both topics.[9][10] He has also published research on translational psychiatry, as well as on obesity and the possible link between obesity, depression, and antidepressants.[11][12][13]

Education edit

Licinio originally received his MD from the Federal University of Bahia in 1982 and completed an internship in internal medicine at the University of São Paulo from 1983 to 1984. He then moved to the United States and completed training in endocrinology at The University of Chicago, and psychiatry at Albert Einstein in the Bronx as well as at Weill Cornell Medical College.[citation needed] In 2009, Licinio moved to Australia, where he completed a PhD in psychiatry at Flinders University in 2017.[citation needed] Licinio is registered as a specialist in psychiatry by the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency.[14] He is board certified in psychiatry by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology and he is a Fellow of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences (elected 2015),[15] the American Psychiatric Association, and the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology.[citation needed] In May 2019 Licinio completed an MBA from the Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University and an MS in Healthcare Leadership from Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences.[16]

Career edit

Licinio was an assistant professor of psychiatry at Yale University, then he was a Unit Chief within the Clinical Neurodocrinology Branch of the National Institute of Mental Health at the NIH Intramural Research Program (1993–1999), and later was professor of psychiatry and medicine/endocrinology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA from 1999 until 2006, where he had multiple roles, such as Founding Director of three NIH funded programs: the Interdepartmental Center on Clinical Pharmacology.[2] In 2006, he was appointed the Miller Professor of Psychiatry, Chairman of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and subsequently Associate Dean for project development, responsible for starting the Clinical and Translational Science Institute at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, where he worked until 2009,[17] when he moved to Australia as Director of the John Curtin School of Medical Research. Licinio returned to the US in 2017 as Senior Vice President for Academic and Health Affairs, Executive Dean, College of Medicine, and in 2019 he was appointed SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Medicine and Neuroscience & Physiology at State University of New York Upstate Medical University in Syracuse, New York.[18]

During 1993–2001, Licinio was a temporary advisor to the World Health Organization (WHO), co-chairing ten WHO scientific meetings in seven countries, and co-edited the resulting ten books containing the proceedings of those meetings, mostly focused on the role of dysthymia in neurological disorders.[19][20]

In 2005–2010, Licinio was a member of the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services Advisory Committee of Genetics Health and Society (SACGHS).[21] The key issue addressed during his term was the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA), which was strongly supported by the SACGHS. GINA was enacted on 21 May 2008 (Pub.L. 110–233, 122 Stat. 881)[22] as an Act of Congress in the United States, designed to prohibit the use of genetic information in health insurance and employment.[23]

Licinio was the head of the Australian node of the German-Australian Institute for Translational Medicine (GAITM), directed by Stefan R. Bornstein.[24] He has published collaboratively with 190 colleagues from 54 institutions, located in 19 countries, including Nobel Laureates Andrew Schally[25] and Rita Levi-Montalcini.[26]

Honors and awards edit

Teaching edit

Licinio directed three graduate training programs with master's degrees in translational investigation, for physician-scientists, at UCLA (supported by an NIH K30 award),[29] University of Miami (supported by an NIH K30 award), and Australian National University. He also created and obtained NIH T32,[30] NIH K12,[31] and PhRMA Foundation (2004 Center of Excellence in Clinical Pharmacology) funding for the UCLA Interdepartmental Clinical Pharmacology Training Program, of which he was founding director (1999–2006).[32] Licinio was the recipient of an NIH K24 award[33] to mentor early career physician-scientists (2002–2007).[34]

Scientific research edit

According to Google Scholar, Licinio has an h-index of 86, with 38,965 citations.[35] He has published 309 papers indexed in PubMed,[36] as well as 13 books.

Licinio is known for his research into leptin and its role in conveying a feeling of satiety. For example, in 2002, he identified three people from Turkey who suffered from a genetic disorder called leptin deficiency – the only three adults known at that time to have this disorder – all of whom were severely overweight as a result.[37] He then administered daily leptin injections to each of them, and found that after ten months, the patients had lost half of his or her original body weight.[38][39] He discovered that despite being produced by a dispersed mass of fat cells, leptin is secreted in a highly organised manner with distinct pulsatility and circadian rhythm and that it appears to regulate the minute-to-minute rhythms of several endocrine axes, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis, and the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis.[40][41][42] Licinio and his colleagues were the first to suggest that leptin may have antidepressant effects,[43] a concept that was subsequently extended by other groups.[44][45] He also contributed to pioneer the concept that leptin has pro-cognitive effects in humans.[46]

With his group, Licinio conducted work on the precision medicine and pharmacogenomics of depression that started in 2000 as part of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences NIH Pharmacogenomics Research Network (PGRN).[47] In that project, he and his team studied a Mexican-American population with major depressive disorder in the city of Los Angeles, in the context of an extensive process of community engagement,[48] which received Certificates of Commendation both from the California State Legislature and the United States Congress. He contributed the Mexican American samples to the International HapMap Project.[49] His pharmacogenetics research has resulted in several publications on predictors of antidepressant treatment response in this population.[50][51][52][53][54]

Wong and Licinio contributed some of the earliest work on the role of cytokines and immune mediators in the brain, with implications for the underlying biology of major depressive disorder,[55] and published scientific articles on the localisation of gene expression for interleukin 1 receptor antagonist,[56] interleukin 1 receptor, type I (IL1R1), also known as CD121a (Cluster of Differentiation 121a),[57] and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)[58] in mammalian brain. They also showed that interleukin 1 receptor antagonist is an endogenous neuroprotective agent.[59] They have shown that the central and peripheral cytokine compartments are integrated but differentially regulated.[60] In collaboration with colleagues at Columbia University Licinio and his team showed that inflammation-mediated up-regulation of secretory sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase in vivo represents a possible link between inflammatory cytokines and atherogenesis.[61] Licinio's line of research examining the effects of peripheral inflammation in brain, behaviour and metabolism is ongoing in their lab.[62]

In a more recent and ongoing line of research, Licinio and collaborators are examining the effects of the human microbiota and the microbiome–gut–brain (MGB) axis in obesity with diabetes and on behaviors relevant to depression and schizophrenia, an emerging area which opens potentially novel avenues for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.[63][64][65][66][67][68][69]

Licinio and Wong have recently[when?] published a paper on the effects of climate change on mental health,[70] which Springer Nature highlighted as the leading article for their Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13: Climate Action.[71]

Public engagement edit

Licinio wrote four book reviews for Science, including a commentary on the current diagnostic system in psychiatry, the American Psychiatry Association (APA)'s "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders", Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and the controversial exhibit on Sigmund Freud at the US Library of Congress.[72][73][74][75] Licinio writes a blog on science-related matters for the general public.[76] In 2018-2019 Licinio was a member of the New York State Governor's Suicide Prevention Task Force, representing the State University of New York.[77]

Personal life edit

Licinio's wife, Ma-Li Wong, is also an expert on depression, pharmacogenomics and psychoneuroimmunology; they have worked together for over 25 years, and have co-authored over 200 papers,[78][79] and co-edited two multi-authored books on pharmacogenomics[80] and the biology of depression.[81]

References edit

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  2. ^ a b "Professor Julio Licinio". Flinders University. Archived from the original on 25 November 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
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  9. ^ Licinio, Julio; Wong, Ma-Li, eds. (12 October 2014). Pharmacogenomics: The Search for Individualized Therapies. Wiley Online Library. doi:10.1002/3527600752. ISBN 978-3527303809. S2CID 215530144.
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  38. ^ Licinio, J.; Caglayan, S.; Ozata, M.; Yildiz, B. O.; de Miranda, P. B.; O'Kirwan, F.; Whitby, R.; Liang, L.; Cohen, P.; Bhasin, S.; Krauss, R. M.; Veldhuis, J. D.; Wagner, A. J.; DePaoli, A. M.; McCann, S. M.; Wong, M.-L. (9 March 2004). "Phenotypic effects of leptin replacement on morbid obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypogonadism, and behavior in leptin-deficient adults". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (13): 4531–4536. Bibcode:2004PNAS..101.4531L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0308767101. PMC 384781. PMID 15070752.
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  40. ^ Licinio, J.; Mantzoros, C.; Negrão, A. B.; Cizza, G.; Wong, M.-L.; Bongiorno, P. B.; Chrousos, G. P.; Karp, B.; Allen, C.; Flier, J. S.; Gold, P. W. (May 1997). "Human leptin levels are pulsatile and inversely related to pituitary-adrenal function". Nature Medicine. 3 (5): 575–579. doi:10.1038/nm0597-575. PMID 9142131. S2CID 6065035.
  41. ^ Licinio, J.; Negrão, A. B.; Mantzoros, C.; Kaklamani, V.; Wong, M.-L.; Bongiorno, P. B.; Mulla, A.; Cearnal, L.; Veldhuis, J. D.; Flier, J. S.; McCann, S. M.; Gold, P. W. (3 March 1998). "Synchronicity of frequently sampled, 24-h concentrations of circulating leptin, luteinizing hormone, and estradiol in healthy women". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95 (5): 2541–2546. Bibcode:1998PNAS...95.2541L. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.5.2541. PMC 19406. PMID 9482922.
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  46. ^ Paz-Filho, G. J.; Babikian, T.; Asarnow, R.; Delibasi, T.; Esposito, K.; Erol, H. K.; Wong, M.-L.; Licinio, J. (29 August 2008). "Leptin replacement improves cognitive development". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e3098. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.3098P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003098. PMC 2518120. PMID 18769731.
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  49. ^ International HapMap 3 Consortium; Altshuler, D. M.; Gibbs, R. A.; Peltonen, L.; Altshuler, D. M.; Gibbs, R. A.; Peltonen, L.; Dermitzakis, E.; Schaffner, S. F.; Yu, F.; Peltonen, L.; Dermitzakis, E.; Bonnen, P. E.; Altshuler, D. M.; Gibbs, R. A.; de Bakker, P. I.; Deloukas, P.; Gabriel, S. B.; Gwilliam, R.; Hunt, S.; Inouye, M.; Jia, X.; Palotie, A.; Parkin, M.; Whittaker, P.; Yu, F.; Chang, K.; Hawes, A.; Lewis, L. R.; Ren, Y.; Wheeler, D.; Gibbs, R. A.; Muzny, D. M.; Barnes, C.; Darvishi, K.; Hurles, M.; Korn, J. M.; Kristiansson, K.; Lee, C.; McCarrol, S. A.; Nemesh, J.; Dermitzakis, E.; Keinan, A.; Montgomery, S. B.; Pollack, S.; Price, A. L.; Soranzo, N.; Bonnen, P. E.; Gibbs, R. A.; Gonzaga-Jauregui, C.; Keinan, A.; Price, A. L.; Yu, F.; Anttila, V.; Brodeur, W.; Daly, M. J.; Leslie, S.; McVean, G.; Moutsianas, L.; Nguyen, H.; Schaffner, S. F.; Zhang, Q.; Ghori, M. J.; McGinnis, R.; McLaren, W.; Pollack, S.; Price, A. L.; Schaffner, S. F.; Takeuchi, F.; Grossman, S. R.; Shlyakhter, I.; Hostetter, E. B.; Sabeti, P. C.; Adebamowo, C. A.; Foster, M. W.; Gordon, D. R.; Licinio, J; Manca, M. C; Marshall, P. A.; Matsuda, I.; Ngare, D.; Wang, V. O.; Reddy, D.; Rotimi, C. N.; Royal, C. D.; Sharp, R. R.; Zeng, C.; Brooks, L. D.; McEwen, J. E. (2 September 2010). "Integrating common and rare genetic variation in diverse human populations". Nature. 467 (7311): 52–58. Bibcode:2010Natur.467...52T. doi:10.1038/nature09298. PMC 3173859. PMID 20811451.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  50. ^ Licinio, J.; O'Kirwan, F.; Irizarry, K.; Merriman, B.; Thakur, S.; Jepson, R.; Lake, S.; Tantisira, K. G.; Weiss, S. T.; Wong, M.-L. (December 2004). "Association of a corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 haplotype and antidepressant treatment response in Mexican-Americans". Molecular Psychiatry. 9 (12): 1075–1082. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001587. PMID 15365580.
  51. ^ Ribeiro, L.; Busnello, J. V.; Cantor, R. M.; Whelan, F.; Whittaker, P.; Deloukas, P.; Wong, M.-L.; Licinio, J. (6 August 2007). "The brain-derived neurotrophic factor rs6265 (Val66Met) polymorphism and depression in Mexican-Americans". NeuroReport. 18 (12): 1291–1293. doi:10.1097/wnr.0b013e328273bcb0. PMC 2686836. PMID 17632285.
  52. ^ Wu, G. S.; Luo, H. R.; Dong, C.; Mastronardi, C.; Licinio, J.; Wong, M.-L. (May 2009). "Sequence polymorphisms of MC1R gene and their association with depression and antidepressant response". Psychiatric Genetics. 21 (5): 14–18. doi:10.1097/YPG.0b013e32834133d2. hdl:1885/65486. PMC 9531708. PMID 21052032. S2CID 32610262.
  53. ^ Licinio, J.; Dong, C.; Wong, M.-L. (February 2011). "Novel sequence variations in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene and association with major depression and antidepressant treatment response". Archives of General Psychiatry. 66 (1): 488–497. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.38. PMC 4272010. PMID 19414708.
  54. ^ Wong, M.-L.; Dong, C.; Flores, D. L.; Ehrhart-Bornstein, M.; Bornstein, S.; Arcos-Burgos, M.; Licinio, J. (15 September 2014). "Clinical Outcomes and Genome-Wide Association for a Brain Methylation Site in an Antidepressant Pharmacogenetics Study in Mexican Americans". American Journal of Psychiatry. 171 (12): 1297–309. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.12091165. PMC 5746054. PMID 25220861.
  55. ^ Licinio, J.; Wong, M.-L. (July 1999). "The role of inflammatory mediators in the biology of major depression: central nervous system cytokines modulate the biological substrate of depressive symptoms, regulate stress-responsive systems, and contribute to neurotoxicity and neuroprotection". Molecular Psychiatry. 4 (4): 317–327. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000586. PMID 10483047. S2CID 493425.
  56. ^ Licinio, J.; Wong, M.-L.; Gold, P. W. (July 1991). "Localization of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist mRNA in rat brain". Endocrinology. 129 (1): 562–564. doi:10.1210/endo-129-1-562. PMID 1829036.
  57. ^ Licinio, J.; Wong, M.-L. (March 1994). "Localization of interleukin 1 type I receptor mRNA in rat brain". Neuroimmunomodulation. 1 (2): 110–115. doi:10.1159/000097143. PMID 7489320.
  58. ^ Wong, M.-L.; Rettori, V.; al-Shekhlee, A.; Bongiorno, P. B.; Canteros, G.; McCann, S. M.; Gold, P. W.; Licinio, J. (May 1996). "Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in the brain during systemic inflammation". Nature Medicine. 2 (5): 581–584. doi:10.1038/nm0596-581. PMID 8616720. S2CID 9942284.
  59. ^ Loddick, S. A.; Wong, M.-L.; Bongiorno, P. B.; Gold, P. W.; Licinio, J.; Rothwell, N. J. (8 May 1997). "Endogenous interleukin-1 receptor antagonist is neuroprotective". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 234 (1): 211–215. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6436. PMID 9168991.
  60. ^ Wong, M.-L.; Bongiorno, P. B.; Rettori, V.; McCann, S. M.; Licinio, J.; Wong, M.-L. (7 January 1997). "Interleukin (IL) 1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-10, and IL-13 gene expression in the central nervous system and anterior pituitary during systemic inflammation: pathophysiological implications". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 94 (1): 227–232. Bibcode:1997PNAS...94..227W. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.1.227. PMC 19294. PMID 8990190.
  61. ^ Wong, M.-L.; Xie, B.; Beatini, N.; Phu, P.; Marathe, S.; Johns, A.; Gold, P. W.; Hirsch, E.; Williams, K. J.; Licinio, J.; Tabas, I. (18 July 2000). "Acute systemic inflammation up-regulates secretory sphingomyelinase in vivo: a possible link between inflammatory cytokines and atherogenesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (15): 8681–8686. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.8681W. doi:10.1073/pnas.150098097. PMC 27008. PMID 10890909.
  62. ^ Mastronardi, C.; Whelan, F.; Yildiz, O. A.; Hannestad, J.; Elashoff, D.; McCann, S. M.; Licinio, J.; Wong, M.-L. (24 April 2007). "Caspase 1 deficiency reduces inflammation-induced brain transcription". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 104 (17): 7205–7210. Bibcode:2007PNAS..104.7205M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0701366104. PMC 1847598. PMID 17409187.
  63. ^ Graessler, J.; Qin, Y.; Zhong, H.; Zhang, J.; Licinio, J.; Wong, M.-L.; Xu, A.; Chavakis, T.; Bornstein, A. B.; Ehrhart-Bornstein, M.; Lamounier-Zepter, V.; Lohmann, T.; Wolf, T.; Bornstein, S. R. (December 2013). "Metagenomic sequencing of the human gut microbiome before and after bariatric surgery in obese patients with type 2 diabetes: correlation with inflammatory and metabolic parameters". The Pharmacogenomics Journal. 13 (6): 514–522. doi:10.1038/tpj.2012.43. PMID 23032991. S2CID 25565243.
  64. ^ Zheng, P.; Zeng, B.; Zhou, C.; Liu, M.; Fang, Z.; Xu, X.; Zeng, L.; Chen, J.; Fan, S.; Du, X.; Zhang, X.; Yang, D.; Yang, Y.; Meng, H.; Li, W.; Melgiri, ND.; Licinio, J.; Wei, H.; Xie, P. (June 2016). "Gut microbiome remodeling induces depressive-like behaviors through a pathway mediated by the host's metabolism". Molecular Psychiatry. 21 (6): 786–796. doi:10.1038/mp.2016.44. PMID 27067014. S2CID 9636895.
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  80. ^ Licinio, Julio; Wong, Ma-Li, eds. (12 October 2014). Pharmacogenomics: The Search for Individualized Therapies. Wiley Online Library. doi:10.1002/3527600752. ISBN 978-3527303809. S2CID 215530144.
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External links edit

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