Sir James Donaldson (10 December 1751 – 16 December 1830)[1] was a Scottish printer and newspaper publisher. He bequeathed a large part of his estate to the founding of Donaldson's Hospital.[2]
Sir James Donaldson | |
|---|---|
| Born | 10 December 1751 |
| Died | 16 December 1830 (aged 79) Edinburgh, Scotland |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Occupation | Newspaper publisher |
| Spouse | Jane Gillespie |
| Family | Alexander Donaldson, father |
Early life edit
Donaldson was born near the Mercat Cross[3] in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1751. His father, Alexander Donaldson (1727–1794), was the founding publisher of the Edinburgh Advertiser, but was perhaps better known as a bookseller and litigant, most notably Donaldson v Beckett, during the era known as the Battle of the booksellers. His mother was Anna Marshall, a merchant's daughter.[4] He had younger brothers, but all died young.[5]
His paternal grandparents were James Donaldson (died 1754), a textile manufacturer, and Treasurer of Edinburgh; and Elizabeth Weir (died 1768). He had an uncle, John Donaldson, a London bookseller and partner of his father who was also an appellant in Donaldson v Beckett.[2]
Career edit
At age 22, Donaldson became the second publisher of the Tory biweekly newspaper the Edinburgh Advertiser, the paper having been turned over to him by his father.[5] His printing house was located at Castlehill.[6] His apprentices and apprentice compositors included William Wilson, James Campbell, William Begg, Robert Miller, and James Thomson. In 1820, Donaldson sold the paper to Claud Muirhead, son of James Muirhead, the paper's principal manager and superintendent.[2][7]
Donaldson was a member of the Edinburgh Bookseller's Society. In 1782, like his father, he became a Burgess and Guild Brother of Edinburgh.[2]
Personal life edit
Donaldson married Jane Gillespie, eldest daughter of Dr Thomas Gillespie, a physician, and his wife Jean Gillespie (née Thomson), on 29 September 1792.[2] James and Jane had no children.
He spent most of his life in Edinburgh. He owned two homes, one in town, the other in the country. The former was located at 85 Princes Street,[8] now the site of New Club. The later, Broughton Hall, had been his father's home. He inherited £100,000 from his father, and doubled that through wise investing. Known for his benevolence, Donaldson gave money to beggars each week. He was also known for being an eccentric.[9]
Donaldson died at Broughton Hall in 1830.[10] Shortly after his death, Broughton Hall's attached garden was converted into zoological gardens. He bequeathed £220,000 of his estate for the foundation of Donaldson's Hospital to maintain and educate poor children, with a preference for those named Donaldson or Marshall.[9]
He is buried against the southern wall of the churchyard of St Johns at the west end of Princes Street, backing onto the north section of St Cuthberts Churchyard.
References edit
- ^ Monuments and monumental inscriptions in Scotland: The Grampian Society, 1871
- ^ a b c d e "Scottish Book Trade Index (SBTI)". nls.uk. National Library of Scotland. Archived from the original on 13 September 2007. Retrieved 24 April 2010.
- ^ Edinburgh Post Office Directory 1773
- ^ Sher, Richard B. (2006). The Enlightenment & the book: Scottish authors & their publishers in eighteenth-century Britain, Ireland, & America. Chicago Studies in Ethnomusicology Series. University of Chicago Press. p. 312. ISBN 0-226-75252-6.
- ^ a b Couper, William James (1908). The Edinburgh periodical press: being a bibliographical account of the newspapers, journals, and magazines issued in Edinburgh from the earliest times to 1800. Vol. 2 (Digitized 14 August 2007 ed.). E. Mackay. p. 109.
- ^ Bulloch, John Malcolm (1906). Scottish Notes and Queries (Digitized 8 June 2007 ed.). D. Wyllie and Son. pp. 151.
james donaldson edinburgh advertiser.
- ^ Boase, Frederic (1897). Modern English biography: containing many thousand concise memoirs of persons who have died since the year 1850, with an index of the most interesting matter. Vol. 2 (Digitized 5 June 2008 ed.). Netherton and Worth. p. 1906.
- ^ Edinburgh Post Office Directory 1829/30
- ^ a b Hogg, James (1850). Titan: a monthly magazine. Vol. 4 (Digitized 21 November 2007 ed.). J. Hogg. p. 103.
- ^ "Deaths". Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine. 28 (Digitized 8 August 2005). William Blackwood: 996. December 1830.
Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1888). "Donaldson, James (1751-1830)". Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 15. London: Smith, Elder & Co.