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Musical instruments of the Indian subcontinent can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments), membranophones (drums) and idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).
Chordophones edit
Plucked strings edit
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Bowed strings edit
- Chikara
- Dhantara
- Dilruba
- Ektara violin
- Esraj
- Kamaicha
- Kingri (string instrument)
- Mayuri Vina or Taus
- Onavillu
- Behala (violin type)
- Pena (musical instrument)
- Pinaka vina
- Pulluvan Veena - one stringed violin
- Ravanahatha
- Sarangi
- Classical Sarangi
- Sarinda
- Tar Shehnai
- Taus
- Villu Paatu - arched bow instrument
Other string instruments edit
Aerophones edit
Single reed edit
Double reed edit
Flute edit
Bagpipes edit
Free reed edit
Free reed and bellows edit
Brass edit
Membranophones edit
Hand drums edit
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Hand frame drums edit
- Daf, duf, or dafli – medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
- Dubki, dimdi or dimri – small frame drum without jingles
- Kanjira – small frame drum with one jingle
- Kansi – small drum without jingles
- Patayani thappu – medium frame drum played with hands
Stick and hand drums edit
Stick drums edit
- Chande
- Davul
- Kachhi Dhol
- Nagara – pair of kettledrums
- Pambai – unit of two cylindrical drums
- Parai thappu, halgi – frame drum played with two sticks
- Sambal
- Stick daff or stick duff – daff in a stand played with sticks
- Tamak'
- Tasha – type of kettledrum
- Timki
- Urumee
Idiophones edit
- Chigggjha – fire tong with brass jingles
- Chengila – metal disc
- Eltathalam
- Gegvrer – brass vessel
- Ghaynti – Northern Indian bell
- Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
- Ghunyugroo
- Khartal or Chiplya
- Manjira or jhanj or taal
- Nut – clay pot
- Sankarpjlnjang – lithophone
- Thali – metal plate
- Thattukanvjzhi mannai
- Yakshahgana bells
Melodic edit
- Jal tarang, ceramic bowls with water
- Kanch tarang, a type of glass harp
- Kashtha tarang, a type of xylophone
Hand harmonium edit
Dwarkanath Ghose (Dwarkin) modified the French pedal harmonium.
Electronic edit
- Roland HandSonic
- Electronic tanpura
- Electronic (digital) tabla
- Talameter