Horatio Gates Armstrong (June 1, 1790 – April 6, 1858)[1] was an American soldier who fought in the War of 1812.
Horatio Gates Armstrong | |
|---|---|
| Born | June 1, 1790 Red Hook, New York, U.S. |
| Died | April 6, 1858 (aged 67) Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. |
| Allegiance |  United States |
| Service/ |  United States Army |
| Years of service | 1812–1813 (U.S. Army) |
| Rank | Major (U.S. Army) |
| Battles/wars | War of 1812 |
| Spouse(s) |
Mary Hughes (m. 1814) |
| Children | 3 |
| Relations |
|
Early life and career edit
Armstrong was born on June 1, 1790, and was named after General Horatio Gates, whom his father had been aide to during the American Revolutionary War.[2][3] He was the eldest of seven children born to John Armstrong Jr. and Alida (née Livingston) Armstrong (1761–1822), who married in 1789.[4][5] His father served as a Continental Congressman, a U.S. Senator, U.S. Secretary of War, U.S. Minister to France.[6]
Among his siblings was Henry Beekman Armstrong, also a soldier in the War of 1812;[7] John Armstrong III, who became a gentleman farmer at La Bergerie; Robert Livingston Armstrong;[8] Margaret Rebecca Armstrong (who married William Backhouse Astor Sr.);[9][10] James Kosciuszko Armstrong and William Armstrong.[11]
His paternal grandparents were General John Armstrong and Rebecca (née Lyon) Armstrong.[12] Among his Armstrong family, who were of "distinguished Scottish descent,"[13] was uncle James Armstrong, a physician who became a U.S. Congressman.[4] His paternal grandparents were Judge Robert Livingston and Margaret (née Beekman) Livingston. Among his Livingston family members were uncles Chancellor Robert R. Livingston and Edward Livingston.[11][10]
During the War of 1812, Armstrong fought on the American side, heading a company known as the Capt. Horatio G. Armstrong Co. with the 23rd Regiment Infantry.[14] He was eventually promoted to Major.[15]
Personal life edit
In 1814, Armstrong was married to Baltimore native Mary Hughes (1791–1866).[16] Mary was the youngest daughter of Margaret (née Sanderson) Hughes and Christopher Hughes, a banker and investor in real estate originally from County Wexford, Ireland. Among her siblings was older brother, Christopher Hughes (who served as the U.S. Minister to Sweden and the Netherlands),[17] and older sister Louisa Hughes (the wife of George Armistead).[18] Together they had three children:
- John Horatio Armstrong (1815–1886),[19] who married Caroline Amelia Scheldt (1828–1912) in 1844.[20][21]
- Margaret Hughes Armstrong (1817–1870)
- Christopher Hughes Armstrong (1821–1884)
Armstrong died at his residence near Baltimore on April 6, 1858.[1] His widow was the administratrix of his estate.[22]
References edit
- ^ a b "DIED". The Daily Exchange. 9 Apr 1858. p. 2. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ Tucker, Spencer (2009). U.S. Leadership in Wartime: Clashes, Controversy, and Compromise. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781598841725. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ Bartoloni-Tuazon, Kathleen (2014). For Fear of an Elective King: George Washington and the Presidential Title Controversy of 1789. Cornell University Press. p. 48. ISBN 9780801471919. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ a b Skeen, Carl Edward (1981). John Armstrong, Jr., 1758-1843: A Biography. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. ISBN 9780815622420. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ "John Armstrong letters 1795, 1802, 1806, 1812, 1813, 1814". archives.nypl.org. The New York Public Library. Archived from the original on 18 October 2019. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ "ARMSTRONG, John, Jr. - Biographical Information". bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh (1905). The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ Heitman, Francis Bernard (1903). Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army: From Its Organization, September 29, 1789, to March 2, 1903. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 170. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ Trager, James (2010). The New York Chronology: The Ultimate Compendium of Events, People, and Anecdotes from the Dutch to the Present. Zondervan. ISBN 9780062018601. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ a b Mowbray, Jay Henry (1898). Representative Men of New York: A Record of Their Achievements. New York Press. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ a b Livingston, Edwin Brockholst (1910). The Livingstons of Livingston Manor: Being the History of that Branch of the Scottish House of Callendar which Settled in the English Province of New York During the Reign of Charles the Second; and Also Including an Account of Robert Livingston of Albany, "The Nephew," a Settler in the Same Province and His Principal Descendants. Knickerbocker Press. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ Who Was Who in American History - the Military. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who. 1975. p. 15. ISBN 0837932017.
- ^ Reynolds, Cuyler (1914). Genealogical and Family History of Southern New York and the Hudson River Valley: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a Commonwealth and the Building of a Nation. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. p. 1262. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "War of 1812 Discharge Certificates". www.archives.gov. National Archives. 15 August 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ Journal of the Senate of the United States of America. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1812. p. 371. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "ARMSTRONG". The Baltimore Sun. 8 Feb 1866. p. 2. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ Nolan, Cathal J. (1997). Notable U.S. Ambassadors Since 1775: A Biographical Dictionary. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 176. ISBN 9780313291951. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ Kennedy, Mary Selden (1911). Seldens of Virginia and Allied Families. Frank Allaben Genealogical Company. p. 186. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "ARMSTRONG". The Baltimore Sun. 19 Oct 1886. p. 2. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ Lineage Book - National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Daughters of the American Revolution. 1907. p. 5. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "HORATIO G. ARMSTRONG". The Boston Globe. 31 Jan 1929. p. 12. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "Legal Notices". The Daily Exchange. 13 Jul 1858. p. 1. Retrieved 5 June 2019.