Home guard is a title given to various military organizations at various times, with the implication of an emergency or reserve force raised for local defense.
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The term "home guard" was first officially used in the American Civil War, starting with units formed by German immigrants in Missouri, and may derive from possible historical use of the term Heimwehr ("home guard") to describe units officially known as Landwehr ("country guard"), or from an attempted translation of landwehr.
Military units edit
Active edit
| Country | Name | Active | |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
 Sweden |
Swedish Home Guard | 1940– |
 |
 Norway |
Norwegian Home Guard | 1946– |
 |
 Denmark |
Danish Home Guard | 1949– |
 |
 Estonia |
Estonian Defence League | 1918–1940, 1990– |
|
 Germany
|
Heimatschutz of Bundeswehr | 1965–2007, 2019– |
 |
 Latvia |
Latvian National Guard | 1991– |
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 Lithuania |
Lithuanian National Defence Volunteer Forces | 1991– |
 |
 India |
Indian Home Guard | 1962– |
 Sri Lanka |
Sri Lankan Home Guard | 1986– | |
 |
 Poland |
Polish Territorial Defense Force | 2017– |
 |
 United States |
State defense forces of State governments and Territory governments | 1917– |
 |
 Ukraine |
Territorial Defense Forces | 2022– |
Historical & Defunct edit
- Aizsargi (Latvia, 1919–1940)
- Home Guard (Unionist), during the American Civil War
- Civilian Irregular Defense Group program (1961-1970) during the Vietnam War
- Confederate Home Guard (1861–1865) during the American Civil War
- Croatian Home Guard, several historic military formations during 19th and 20th century
- Czechoslovak Home Guard (1918–1919)
- Home Guard (Austria) (Heimwehr) (1920–1938) paramilitary unit of Fatherland Front Party
- Home Guard (New Zealand) (1940–1943)
- Home Guard (United Kingdom) (1940–1944)
- Home Service Force, British force for the 1980s-90s.
- Indian Home Guard, units raised from Indian tribes to support the Unionists in the American Civil War
- Kikuyu Home Guard, a government paramilitary force in Kenya (1953–1955)
- Lithuanian Riflemen's Union (1919–, unofficial since 1991)
- Malayan Home Guard, auxiliary volunteer police forces in Malaya during Malayan Emergency[1]
- Narodnoe Opolcheniye, Russia
- Slovene Home Guard (1943–1945)
- Volkssturm, Nazi Germany (1944-1945)
- Volunteer Defence Corps (Australia) (1940-1944)
- Volunteer Fighting Corps, Japanese armed citizen militia (1945)
Similar units edit
- Auxiliary Units
- City guard
- Civil Guard (disambiguation)
- Gendarmerie
- Home Guard (India)
- Home Army (Armia Krajowa), Poland, World War II
- Fencibles, British temporary militias
- Boeitai, a Japanese home guard force of World War II
- Local Defence troops (Finland)
- Militia
- Ordenanças, Portuguese home guard from 1570 to 1831
- Omakaitse, Estonian Home Guard in World War II
- State defense forces, home guards of individual U.S. states
- United States Coast Guard Reserve "temporary reservists" during World War II
- United States Guards
- Wachdienst, an auxiliary organisation erected by the Third Reich in Germany during the last months of World War II
Other edit
- Home Guard (Shannara), in Terry Brooks' novel series
- Home Guard potato, a variety of first early potato
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Conduct of Anti-Terrorist Operations in Malaya, Director of Operations, Malaya, 1958, Chapter III: Own Forces
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