The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Northern Thai language pronunciations. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants
IPA Thai alphabet Tai Tham English approximation
b abash
d ฎ, ด ado
f ฝ, ฟ , food
h ห, ฮ ,, head
j ย, อย, หย yak
k , scan
ข, ฃ, ค, ฅ, ฆ ,,, car
l ล, ฬ, หล ,, leaf
m ม, หม much
n ณ, น, หน , not
ŋ ง, หง bang
ɲ , canyon
p , span
ผ, พ, ภ , pan
r ร, หร Trilled right
s ฉ, ช, ฌ, ซ, ศ, ษ, ส ,,,,, sue
t ฏ, ต ,, stable
ฐ, ฑ, ฒ, ถ, ท, ธ ,,, table
, question
w ว, หว way
x[1] ข, ฃ, ค, ฅ, ฆ ,,, Scottish loch
ʔ อ, ะ , the catch in uh-oh
 
Tones
IPA Description
= āː mid [aː˧]
àː low falling [aː˨˩] or [aː˩]
âː high falling [aː˥˩]
a᷇ː high-mid falling [aː˥˧]
áː high rising [aː˦˥] or[aː˥]
ǎː low rising [aː˨˥]
Vowels
IPA Thai Alphabet[2] Tai Tham script English approximation
Short vowels
a ◌ะ, ◌ั◌ , cat
e เ◌ะ, เ◌็◌ , roughly like say
ɛ แ◌ะ, แ◌็◌ , roughly like bet
i ◌ิ, ◌ิ◌ , happy
o โ◌ะ, ◌◌ , story
ɔ เ◌าะ, ◌็อ◌ off
u ◌ุ, ◌ุ◌ , fool (shorter)
ɯ ◌ึ, ◌ึ◌ good
ɤ เ◌อะ roughly like hurt (shorter)
Long vowels
◌า, ◌า◌ , bra
เ◌, เ◌◌ ◌, play
ɛː แ◌, แ◌◌ fairy
◌ี, ◌ี◌ green
โ◌, โ◌◌ ◌, story
ɔː ◌อ, ◌อ◌ , dog
◌ู, ◌ู, fool
ɯː ◌ือ, ◌ื◌ good (longer)
ɤː เ◌อ, เ◌ิ◌ roughly like fur
Diphthongs
iaʔ, iəʔ เ◌ียะ No English equivalent
ia, เ◌ีย, เ◌ีย◌ idea
uaʔ, uəʔ ◌ัวะ No English equivalent
ua, ◌ัว, ◌ว◌ poor (British English)
ɯaʔ, ɯəʔ เ◌ือะ No English equivalent
ɯa, ɯə เ◌ือ, เ◌ือ◌ No English equivalent

Notes

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  1. ^ Allophone in some dialects.
  2. ^ Vowels diacritics are shown on a dotted circle "◌".

See also

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