Hazel Bryan Massery (born January 31, 1942[1]) is an American former anti-integration activist who was a student at Little Rock Central High School during the Civil Rights Movement.[2] She was depicted in an iconic photograph made by photojournalist Will Counts in 1957 showing her shouting at Elizabeth Eckford, one of the Little Rock Nine, during the Little Rock Crisis.[3]
Hazel Bryan Massery | |
|---|---|
 Bryan, age 15, shouting at Eckford in 1957 | |
| Born | Hazel Bryan January 31, 1942 |
| Spouse | Antoine Massery |
Little Rock High School edit
On September 4, 1957, nine African-American students entered Little Rock Central High School as the school's first black students, including Elizabeth Eckford. On her way to the school, a group of white teenage girls followed Eckford, chanting "Two, four, six, eight! We don't want to integrate!"[4] One of these girls was Hazel Bryan. Benjamin Fine of The New York Times later described her as "screaming, just hysterical, just like one of these Elvis Presley hysterical deals, where these kids are fainting with hysteria." Bryan also shouted, "Go home, nigger! Go back to Africa!"[5][6]
After the photo became public, Hazel started to receive "critical" mail, mostly from the North. Author David Margolick wrote that while Hazel only found the criticism "surprising", "Hazel's parents found her sudden notoriety sufficiently alarming to pull her out of the school."[2]
Bryan left her new school when she was 17, married Antoine Massery and began a family. After that, her attitude toward Martin Luther King Jr. and the concept of desegregation changed. "Hazel Bryan Massery was curious, and reflective... One day, she realized, her children would learn that the snarling girl in their history books was their mother. She realized she had an account to settle."[7]
In 1963, having changed her mind on integration and feeling guilt for her treatment of Eckford, Bryan contacted Eckford to apologize. They went their separate ways after this first meeting, and Eckford did not name the girl in the picture when asked about it by reporters.[2]
During the time after Little Rock, Hazel had become increasingly political, branching out into peace activism and social work.[5] David Margolick discovered, "She taught mothering skills to unmarried black women, and took underprivileged black teenagers on field trips. She frequented the black history section at the local Barnes & Noble, buying books by Cornel West and Shelby Steele and the companion volume to Eyes on the Prize."[2]
Bryan hoped her reputation could be gained back, but this did not happen until the 40th anniversary of Central's desegregation in 1997. Will Counts, the journalist who took the famous picture, arranged for Elizabeth and Hazel to meet again. The reunion provided an opportunity for acts of reconciliation, as noted in this editorial from the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette on the first day of 1998:
One of the fascinating stories to come out of the reunion was the apology that Hazel Bryan Massery made to Elizabeth Eckford for a terrible moment caught forever by the camera. That 40-year-old picture of hate assailing grace — which had gnawed at Ms. Massery for decades — can now be wiped clean, and replaced by a snapshot of two friends. The apology came from the real Hazel Bryan Massery, the decent woman who had been hidden all those years by a fleeting image. And the graceful acceptance of that apology was but another act of dignity in the life of Elizabeth Eckford.[8]
Friendship with Elizabeth Eckford edit
Despite feeling awkward when they first met, Eckford and Bryan surprisingly became friends afterwards.[2]
Soon after, the friendship began to fray. In 1999, David Margolick travelled to Little Rock and arranged to meet Elizabeth and Hazel. According to Hazel Bryan, she said, "I think she still… at times we have a little… well, the honeymoon is over and now we're getting to take out the garbage."[5] Eckford began to believe Bryan "wanted me to be cured and be over it and for this not to go on... She wanted me to be less uncomfortable so that she wouldn't feel responsible anymore."[7] The other eight of the Little Rock Nine did not want this friendship to last any longer.[citation needed]
The friendship quietly dissolved in 1999. When asked for permission to reprint a poster titled "Reconciliation" showing Elizabeth and Hazel shaking hands, Elizabeth granted it with a requirement that a small sticker be included stating, "True reconciliation can occur only when we honestly acknowledge our painful, but shared, past."[9]
References edit
- ^ Margolick, David (2011). Elizabeth and Hazel: Two Women of Little Rock. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-17835-7.
- ^ a b c d e Margolick, David (September 2007). "Through a Lens, Darkly". Vanity Fair. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
- ^ Margolick, David (2011). Elizabeth and Hazel: Two Women of Little Rock. Yale University Press. pp. 60–62. ISBN 9780300141931 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Blakemore, Erin (September 1, 2017). "The Story Behind the Famous Little Rock Nine 'Scream Image'". History.com. Archived from the original on January 17, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ a b c Margolick, David (October 9, 2011). "Elizabeth Eckford and Hazel Bryan: the story behind the photograph that shamed America". The Telegraph. The Telegraph. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
- ^ NPR staff (October 2, 2011). "'Elizabeth And Hazel': The Legacy Of Little Rock". Weekend Edition Sunday. NPR. Retrieved January 20, 2018.
- ^ a b Margolick, David (October 11, 2011). "The Many Lives of Hazel Bryan". Slate. Retrieved May 13, 2015.
- ^ Happy old year — Thank you for 1997, editorial, Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, January 1, 1998
- ^ Margolick, David (October 2011). "Elizabeth Eckford and Hazel Bryan: the story behind the photograph that shamed America". The Telegraph. Retrieved August 14, 2023.