HNRNPL

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPL gene.

HNRNPL
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3R27, 3TO8
Identifiers
Aliases	HNRNPL, HNRPL, hnRNP-L, P/OKcl.14, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L
External IDs	OMIM: 603083 MGI: 104816 HomoloGene: 1174 GeneCards: HNRNPL
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human) Band 19q13.2 Start 38,836,388 bp End 38,852,347 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse) Band 7|7 B1 Start 28,507,966 bp End 28,521,691 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in ganglionic eminence left lobe of thyroid gland right lobe of thyroid gland skin of abdomen right uterine tube rectum canal of the cervix right lung gastric mucosa left uterine tube Top expressed in spermatocyte lip superior frontal gyrus endocardial cushion yolk sac maxillary prominence thymus renal corpuscle medullary collecting duct cerebellar cortex More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding pre-mRNA intronic binding nucleic acid binding RNA binding mRNA 3'-UTR binding mRNA CDS binding Cellular component cytoplasm ribonucleoprotein granule extracellular exosome membrane nucleus nucleoplasm pronucleus cytosol perinuclear region of cytoplasm ribonucleoprotein complex Biological process mRNA splicing, via spliceosome mRNA processing RNA processing RNA metabolic process regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome circadian rhythm cellular response to amino acid starvation positive regulation of translation negative regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome response to peptide positive regulation of mRNA binding Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3191 15388 Ensembl ENSG00000104824 ENSG00000282947 ENSMUSG00000015165 UniProt P14866 Q8R081 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001005335 NM_001533 NM_177301 RefSeq (protein) NP_001005335 NP_001524 NP_796275 NP_001389864 NP_001389865 NP_001389866 NP_001389867 NP_001389868 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 38.84 – 38.85 Mb Chr 7: 28.51 – 28.52 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Function

Heterogeneous nuclear RNAs (hnRNAs) which include mRNA precursors and mature mRNAs are associated with specific proteins to form heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complexes. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L is among the proteins that are stably associated with hnRNP complexes and along with other hnRNP proteins is likely to play a major role in the formation, packaging, processing, and function of mRNA. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L is present in the nucleoplasm as part of the HNRP complex. HNRP proteins have also been identified outside of the nucleoplasm. Exchange of hnRNP for mRNA-binding proteins accompanies transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Since HNRP proteins have been shown to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, it is possible that they also have cytoplasmic functions. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Interactions

HNRNPL has been shown to interact with:

• HNRNPLL,
• HNRPK,
• PCBP2, and
• PTBP1.

Further reading

• Dreyfuss G, Choi YD, Adam SA (1990). "The ribonucleoprotein structures along the pathway of mRNA formation". Endocr. Res. 15 (4): 441–74. doi:10.3109/07435808909036348. PMID 2576798.
• Rasmussen HH, van Damme J, Puype M, et al. (1993). "Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes". Electrophoresis. 13 (12): 960–9. doi:10.1002/elps.11501301199. PMID 1286667. S2CID 41855774.
• Hahm B, Cho OH, Kim JE, et al. (1998). "Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein interacts with HnRNP L". FEBS Lett. 425 (3): 401–6. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00269-5. PMID 9563502. S2CID 4980318.
• Shih SC, Claffey KP (1999). "Regulation of human vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA stability in hypoxia by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (3): 1359–65. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.3.1359. PMID 9880507.
• Hamilton BJ, Nichols RC, Tsukamoto H, et al. (1999). "hnRNP A2 and hnRNP L bind the 3'UTR of glucose transporter 1 mRNA and exist as a complex in vivo". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 261 (3): 646–51. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1040. PMID 10441480.
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, et al. (2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3491–6. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.3491D. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491. PMC 16267. PMID 10737800.
• Kim JH, Hahm B, Kim YK, et al. (2000). "Protein-protein interaction among hnRNPs shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm". J. Mol. Biol. 298 (3): 395–405. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.3687. PMID 10772858.
• Shnyreva M, Schullery DS, Suzuki H, et al. (2000). "Interaction of two multifunctional proteins. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K and Y-box-binding protein". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (20): 15498–503. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.20.15498. PMID 10809782.
• Ito M, Shichijo S, Tsuda N, et al. (2001). "Molecular basis of T cell-mediated recognition of pancreatic cancer cells". Cancer Res. 61 (5): 2038–46. PMID 11280764.
• Kuninger DT, Izumi T, Papaconstantinou J, Mitra S (2002). "Human AP-endonuclease 1 and hnRNP-L interact with a nCaRE-like repressor element in the AP-endonuclease 1 promoter". Nucleic Acids Res. 30 (3): 823–9. doi:10.1093/nar/30.3.823. PMC 100287. PMID 11809897.
• Söderberg M, Raffalli-Mathieu F, Lang MA (2002). "Inflammation modulates the interaction of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) I/polypyrimidine tract binding protein and hnRNP L with the 3'untranslated region of the murine inducible nitric-oxide synthase mRNA". Mol. Pharmacol. 62 (2): 423–31. doi:10.1124/mol.62.2.423. PMID 12130696. S2CID 14855837.
• Hui J, Stangl K, Lane WS, Bindereif A (2007). "HnRNP L stimulates splicing of the eNOS gene by binding to variable-length CA repeats". Nat. Struct. Biol. 10 (1): 33–7. doi:10.1038/nsb875. PMID 12447348. S2CID 19057994.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Costain WJ, Mishra RK (2003). "PLG regulates hnRNP-L expression in the rat striatum and pre-frontal cortex: identification by ddPCR". Peptides. 24 (1): 137–46. doi:10.1016/S0196-9781(02)00286-3. PMID 12576095. S2CID 44677561.
• Hui J, Reither G, Bindereif A (2003). "Novel functional role of CA repeats and hnRNP L in RNA stability". RNA. 9 (8): 931–6. doi:10.1261/rna.5660803. PMC 1370459. PMID 12869704.
• Gulesserian T, Engidawork E, Fountoulakis M, Lubec G (2004). "Decreased brain levels of Lupus La protein and increased U5 small ribonucleoprotein-specific 40 kDa protein in fetal Down syndrome". Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand). 49 (5): 733–8. PMID 14528909.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Cheng J, Kapranov P, Drenkow J, et al. (2005). "Transcriptional maps of 10 human chromosomes at 5-nucleotide resolution". Science. 308 (5725): 1149–54. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1149C. doi:10.1126/science.1108625. PMID 15790807. S2CID 13047538.