Garcinia benthamiana, also known as asashi, is a flowering tree in the family Clusiaceae (Guttiferae). The specific epithet (benthamiana) honors English botanist George Bentham.[2]
| Garcinia benthamiana | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Clusiaceae |
| Genus: | Garcinia |
| Species: | G. benthamiana
|
| Binomial name | |
| Garcinia benthamiana | |
| Synonyms | |
Distribution edit
Garcinia benthamiana is native to central Brazil, northern Peru, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana.[3]
Description edit
Its petiolate leaves are elliptical to ovate in shape and measure 12–28 centimeters (4.7–11.0 inches) in length and 4.5–11 centimeters (1.8–4.3 inches) in width. The apex can be rounded, acute or acuminate, while the base is rounded to attenuate. It has fasciculate and axillary inflorescences, and the flowers have 15–25 stamens. The fruit has a verrucose epicarp and preeminent rostrum, with a smooth, elliptic seed. Its bark is rough and dark red-brown in color, sometimes covered in a green or white mold. It is a dioecious and evergreen tree.[4][3]
Chemistry edit
Four xanthones, α-mangostin, β-mangostin, mangostenol, mangaxanthone B, three benzophenones, mangaphenone, benthamianone, congestiflorone, and one sterol, stigmasterol, were isolated from the stem bark of Garcinia benthamiana. Α-mangostin, β-mangostin, mangaxanthone B and mangaphenone showed significant cytotoxicity through MTT assay against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with IC50 values ranging from 4.4 to 12 µM. Mangaphenone showed no toxicity toward Vero cells, showing its potential as a lead compound for anti-breast cancer drugs.[5]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Garcinia benthamiana (Asashi)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
- ^ "Garcinia benthamiana (Planch. & Triana) Pipoly — The Plant List". www.theplantlist.org.
- ^ a b "Garcinia benthamiana (Planch. & Triana) Pipoly". www.gbif.org.
- ^ "Garcinia benthamiana (Planch. & Triana) Pipoly". World Flora Online. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
- ^ See, Irene; Ee, Gwendoline Cheng Lian; Jong, Vivien Yi Mian; Teh, Soek Sin; Acuña, Carlos L. Céspedes; Mah, Siau Hui (December 2021). "Cytotoxic activity of phytochemicals from Garcinia mangostana L. and G. benthamiana (Planch. & Triana) Pipoly against breast cancer cells". Natural Product Research. pp. 6184–6189. doi:10.1080/14786419.2020.1836629. Retrieved 28 September 2023.