Galashki

Galashki is a rural locality (a selo) in Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia, located on the left bank of the Sunzha River near the border with the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania. Its population was about 9,000 people in 2009. Galashki forms the municipality of the rural settlement of Galashki as the only settlement in its composition.

Galashki Галашки
Selo
Other transcription(s)
• Ingush	Галашке
Location of Galashki
Galashki Location of Galashki Galashki Galashki (Republic of Ingushetia)
Coordinates: 43°05′16″N 44°59′09″E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Ingushetia
Mentioned	1773
Elevation	551 m (1,808 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)
• Total	6,662
• Estimate  (2021)	7,285
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	Sunzhensky District
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK )
Postal code(s)	386255
OKTMO ID	26610425101

Etymology

Some researchers translate the name of the village of Galashki from the Ingush language as "to the Galais", based on the assertion that the representatives of the Galai clan (teip) are the founders of the village.

Geography

Galashki is situated on the left bank of the Assa River, approximately 30 kilometers southwest of the regional center, Sunzha, and 32 kilometers southeast of the city of Magas (by road). The nearest settlements to Galashki are the village of Alkhasty to the north, the village of Dattykh to the northeast, the village of Muzhichi to the south, and the village of Komgaron to the southwest.

History

The village was founded by the clan (teip) of Galai who migrated from Galanchozh. In the second half of the 18th century (1770s), the German researcher J. A. Güldenstädt indicated Galashki among the total number of Ingush villages and districts. Galashki as Ingush village was mentioned by S. M. Bronevsky in 1823. Ten years later, I. F. Blaramberg indicated Galashki as Ingush village too in his fundamental work “Historical, topographical, statistical, ethnographic and military description of the Caucasus”, written in 1834 as a result of his business trip and expedition in the Caucasus. Gradually by the name of the village in the 19th century, in official and literary sources, the terms "Galashian society" and "Galashians" are fixed, as one of the territorial societies of the Ingush.

The village was considered a large village in the foothills in the Caucasian Imamate and played an important strategic role, as it closed the exits from the mountains to the plain. During the existence of Caucasian Imamate, Galashki was the center of a separate Galashkinskoe naibstvo, which was ruled by naib Dudarov, and also Muhammad Anzorov-Mirza.

It was a site of two raids by Chechen separatists during the Second Chechen War, the Galashki ambush in 2000 (from Chechnya) and the Battle of Galashki in 2002 (from Georgia).

Notable people

• Laysat Baysarova (1920 – 2005), an Ingush abrek and insurgent.
• Ruslan Khuchbarov (1972 – 2004), an Ingush militant notorious for his leading role in the Beslan school hostage crisis.
• Shirvani Kostoev (1923 – 1949), an Ingush pilot and flight commander.

See also

• Galashians
• Galashkinskoe Naibstvo

Bibliography

English sources

• Cohen, S. B., ed. (2008). The Columbia Gazetteer of the World. Vol. 1: A to G (2nd ed.). New York City: Columbia University Press. pp. 1–4390. ISBN 978-0-231-14554-1.
• Myers, Steven Lee (September 27, 2002). "Dozens Killed as Russian Forces Battle Chechen Fighters". The New York Times. Retrieved February 22, 2023.

Russian sources

• Барахоева, Н. М.; Кодзоев, Н. Д.; Хайров, Б. А. (2016). Ингушско-русский словарь терминов [Ingush-Russian dictionary of terms] (in Ingush and Russian) (2 ed.). Нальчик: ООО «Тетраграф». pp. 1–288.
• Бларамберг, И. Ф. (2010). Историческое, топографическое, статистическое, этнографическое и военное описание Кавказа [Historical, topographical, statistical, ethnographic and military description of the Caucasus] (field research) (in Russian). Translated by Назарова, И. М. Москва: Издательство Надыршин. pp. 1–402. ISBN 978-5-902744-10-8.
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• Гюльденштедт, Иоганн Антон (2002). "VI. Провинция Кистия, или Кистетия" [VI. Province of Kistia, or Kistetia]. In Карпов, Ю. Ю. (ed.). Путешествие по Кавказу в 1770-1773 гг. [Journey through the Caucasus in 1770-1773.] (in Russian). Translated by Шафроновской, Т. К. Санкт-Петербург: Петербургское Востоковедение. pp. 238–243. ISBN 5-85803-213-3.
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