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File:Queen Yun about 1930.jpg

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Summary

Description
English: Official portrait of Empress Sunjeong of the Haepyeong Yun clan. Dated 1930 on https://www.facebook.com/designersparty/photos/pb.345549275488962.-2207520000.1440374450./942439292466621/?type=3&theater
한국어: Empress Sunjeong of the Korean Empire

순정효황후 [純貞孝皇后, 1894 ~ 1966]

1894년 음력 8월 20일/양력 9월 19일 (水) 한성부에서 출생하였다. 1904년에 당시 황태자비였던 순명효황후 민씨가 사망하자 1906년에 13살의 어린 나이에 동궁계비(東宮繼妃)로 책봉되었고, 이때 아버지 윤택영과 시서모 순헌황귀비 엄씨 사이에 거액의 뇌물이 오갔다는 풍설이 돌았다. 이듬해인 1907년에 부군 순종 임금이 황제로 즉위함에 따라 그녀는 황후가 되었다.

순정효황후는 1910년 병풍 뒤에서 어전 회의를 엿듣고 있다가 친일 성향의 대신들이 순종에게 한일병합조약의 날인을 강요하자, 옥새(玉璽)를 자신의 치마 속에 감추고 내주지 않았는데, 결국 큰아버지 윤덕영에게 강제로 빼앗겼고, 이후 대한제국의 국권은 일제에 의해 피탈되어 멸망을 맞게 되었다.

순종의 지위가 이왕(李王)으로 격하됐으므로 그녀도 이왕비(李王妃)가 되어 창덕궁의 대조전(大造殿)에 머물렀으며 1926년 4월, 순종이 붕어하자 대비(大妃)로 불리며 창덕궁(昌德宮)의 낙선재(樂善齋)로 거처를 옮겼다.

1950년 한국 전쟁이 일어나자, 창덕궁에 남아 황실을 지키고자 하였으며 궁궐에 들이닥쳐 행패를 부리는 조선인민군을 당시 56세의 나이에도 불구하고 크게 호통을 쳐서 내보냈다는 일화가 있을 정도로 순정효황후는 두려움을 모르는 여걸(女傑)이었다.

그러나 이듬해인 1951년 대한민국의 전세가 급박해지자 미군에 의해 피난길에 오르게 되었고, 궁핍한 생활을 전전하던 끝에 1953년 휴전 협정을 맞아 환궁하려 하였으나, 제1공화국의 이승만이 순정효황후에 대한 민심을 두려워하여 환궁을 방해하였기 때문에, 정릉의 수인제(修仁齊)로 거처를 옮겨야 했다.

1960년, 전(前) 구황실사무총국장 오재경(吳在璟)의 노력으로 환궁에 성공하였고, 이후 일본에서 귀국한 덕혜옹주 및 의민태자 일가와 함께 창덕궁 낙선재에서 지내며 독서와 피아노 연주로 소일하였다.

죽는 그 순간까지 온화한 성정과 기품을 잃지 않았던 순정효황후는 대한제국의 마지막 황후로서, 당당함과 냉철함으로 황실을 이끌어 많은 이들의 존경을 받았다.

평생 영어 공부를 게을리 하지 않았으며, 그 실력은 타임지를 읽어낼 정도였다고 전한다. 1966년 2월 3일, 창덕궁 석복헌(錫福軒)에서 심장마비로 73살의 나이에 불우한 일생을 마감하였다. 경기도 남양주시 금곡동에 있는 유릉(裕陵)에 순종과 합장되었다.

http://www.designersparty.com/
Date
Source https://www.facebook.com/designersparty/photos/pb.345549275488962.-2207520000.1440374450./942439292466621/?type=3&theater
Author Korean royal family official portrait

Licensing

This photographic work is in the public domain in the Republic of Korea and Japan because it was first published in Korea between 1910 and 1945, and the copyright has expired according to the following:
Public domain
This photograph is in the public domain in Japan because its copyright has expired according to Article 23 of the 1899 Copyright Act of Japan (English translation) and Article 2 of Supplemental Provisions of Copyright Act of 1970. This is when the photograph meets one of the following conditions:
  1. It was published before 1 January 1957.
  2. It was photographed before 1 January 1947.
It is also in the public domain in the United States because its copyright in Japan expired by 1970 and was not restored by the Uruguay Round Agreements Act.
Notes
Notes
To uploader: Please provide the source and publication date.
  • If the photograph was also published in the United States within 30 days after publication in Japan, it might be copyrighted. If the copyright has not expired in the U.S, this file will be deleted. See Commons:Hirtle chart.
  • This template should not be used for a faithful photographic reproduction of an artwork. Under Article 23 of the former Copyright Act, its protection will be consistent with the artwork. See also Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag.

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Public domain
This file is now in the public domain in the Republic of Korea (South Korea) because its term of copyright has expired there. (details)

According to Articles 39 to 44 of the Copyright Act of the Republic of Korea, under the jurisdiction of the Government of the Republic of Korea all copyrighted works enter the public domain 70 years after the death of the creator (there being multiple creators, the creator who dies last) or 70 years after publication when made public in the name of an organization. (30 years for death before 1957, 50 years before July 2013)

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You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Jamaica has 95 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This image may not be in the public domain in these countries, which moreover do not implement the rule of the shorter term. Honduras has a general copyright term of 75 years, but it does implement the rule of the shorter term. Copyright may extend on works created by French who died for France in World War II (more information), Russians who served in the Eastern Front of World War II (known as the Great Patriotic War in Russia) and posthumously rehabilitated victims of Soviet repressions (more information).

This work may also be in the public domain in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, depending the date of the death of its creator and the jurisdiction that it belongs; in that case, you may also add {{PD-North Korea}}. Notice: If the work has been first published outside of Korea, you should apply a country-specific license tag rather than this license one.

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