This UK artistic or literary work, of which the author is unknown and cannot be ascertained by reasonable enquiry, is in the public domain because it is one of the following:

• A photograph, which has never previously been made available to the public (e.g. by publication or display at an exhibition) and which was taken more than 70 years ago (before 1 January 1954); or

• A photograph, which was made available to the public (e.g. by publication or display at an exhibition) more than 70 years ago (before 1 January 1954); or

• An artistic work other than a photograph (e.g. a painting), or a literary work, which was made available to the public (e.g. by publication or display at an exhibition) more than 70 years ago (before 1 January 1954).

This tag can be used only when the author cannot be ascertained by reasonable enquiry. If you wish to rely on it, please specify in the image description the research you have carried out to find who the author was. The above is all subject to any overriding publication right which may exist. In practice, publication right will often override the first of the bullet points listed.

Unpublished anonymous paintings remain in copyright until at least 1 January 2040. This tag does not apply to engravings or musical works. More information

This image or other work is of Australian origin and is now in the public domain because its term of copyright has expired. According to the Australian Copyright Council (ACC), ACC Information Sheet G023v19 (Duration of copyright) (January 2019).¹

Type of material		Copyright has expired if …
A	Photographs or other works published anonymously, under a pseudonym or the creator is unknown:	taken or published prior to 1 January 1955
B	Photographs (except A):	taken prior to 1 January 1955
C	Artistic works (except A & B):	the creator died before 1 January 1955
D	Published editions2 (except A & B):	first published more than 25 years ago
E	Commonwealth, State or Territory owned3 photographs and engravings:	taken or published more than 50 years ago

¹ Copyright Amendment (Disability Access and Other Measures) Bill 2017 (Australian Government)

² means the typographical arrangement and layout of a published work. eg. newsprint.

³ owned means where a government is the copyright owner as well as would have owned copyright but reached some other agreement with the creator.