File:Cavy (1).jpg

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Note: This capybara is not particularly large. I have one that is larger and have seen live capybaras with likely larger skulls. Guinea pigs are also rather big-headed in terms of rodent body proportions. Regardless, the size disparity is obvious.

Here is the largest rodent in the world, the capybara, with its close cousin, the guinea pig, atop its head. Some taxonomists put the capybara in its own family, the Hydrochoeridae, while other lump it into Caviidae, the guinea pig family. Regardless, capybaras are more closely related to caviids than other rodents, and both belong the remarkable South American radiation of caviomorph rodents, hysticomorphous rodents (note the large infraorbital foramen) that accidentally made their way across the Atlantic in the Eocene while South America was still splendidly isolated from the rest of the continents. There were many caviomorphs larger than the capybara before modern times, including rhino sized dinomyids.
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Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) skulls

Author Dallas Krentzel

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This image, originally posted to Flickr, was reviewed on March 7, 2012 by the administrator or reviewer File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske), who confirmed that it was available on Flickr under the stated license on that date.

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current13:18, 7 March 2012Thumbnail for version as of 13:18, 7 March 20123,872 × 2,592 (1.85 MB)File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske){{Information |Description=Note: This capybara is not particularly large. I have one that is larger and have seen live capybaras with likely larger skulls. Guinea pigs are also rather big-headed in terms of rodent body proportions. Regardless, the size...
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