FeiTeng (飞腾, fēiténg) is the name of several computer central processing units designed and produced in China for supercomputing applications.[1] The microprocessors have been developed by Tianjin Phytium Technology.[2] The processors have also been described as the YinHeFeiTeng (银河飞騰, YHFT) family.[citation needed] This CPU family has been developed by a team directed by NUDT's Professor Xing Zuocheng.[3]
| Performance | |
|---|---|
| Max. CPU clock rate | 0.8 GHz to 1.0 GHz |
| Architecture and classification | |
| Instruction set | SPARCv9 |
Initial designs edit
The first generation was binary compatible with the Intel Itanium 2.[4][dubious ] The second generation, the FT64, was a system on a chip with CPU and 64-bit stream processor.[citation needed] FT64 chips were used in YinHe (银河) supercomputers as accelerators.[4]
FeiTeng-1000 edit
The FeiTeng-1000 is the third generation CPU in the family. It is manufactured with 65 nm technology and contains 350 million gates. Its clock frequency is 0.8–1 GHz. It is compatible with the SPARCv9 instruction set architecture.[5]
Each chip contains 8 cores and is capable of executing 64 threads. There are 3 HyperTransport channels for coherent links, 4 DDR3 memory controllers and a 8x PCIe 2.0 link.[6]
The Tianhe-1A supercomputer uses 2,048 FeiTeng 1000 processors.[7] Tianhe-1A has a theoretical peak performance of 4.701 petaflops, also employing 7,168 Nvidia Tesla M2050 GPUs and 14,336 Intel Xeon X5670 CPUs in addition to FT1000 processors.[6][8] The FeiTeng-1000 is an eight-core processor based on the SPARC system and is used to operate service nodes on the Tianhe-1.[1][6]
A 2012 report for the European High Performance Computing service stated that FeiTeng used the work of the OpenSPARC project.[9]
Galaxy FT-1500 edit
The Tianhe-2 supercomputer uses 4096 Galaxy FT-1500 processors with 16 cores, OpenSPARC architecture based and 65 W TDP. They are made with 40 nm technology, processor cores work at 1.8 GHz.[10] Peak performance of FT-1500 is 115–144 GFLOPS; every core may execute up to 8 interleaving threads and supports 256-bit wide SIMD vector operations including Fused Mul-Add (FMA). Cache of this SoC works at 2 GHz frequency, there are 16 KB L1i, 16 KB L1d, 512 KB L2 per core, and shared 4 MB L3 cache. L3 cache has 4 segments (1 segment per block of 4 CPU cores), each of 1 MB with 32-way associative. Cache uses directory-based cache coherency protocol. FT-1500 also has:[11]
- Links to connect several processors into NUMA machine
- 4 integrated DDR3 memory controllers
- 2 PCI-express controllers
- 10 Gbit Ethernet ports
FT-1500A edit
FT-1500A is an ARM64 SoC designed by Phytium, which includes 16 cores of ARMv8 processor, a 32-lane PCIe host, 2 GMAC on-chip ethernet controller and a GICv3 interrupt controller with ITS support.[12]
Future processors edit
In 2020, Feiteng announced availability of the S2500 processor and a roadmap for the following years.[13]
| Processor | Cores | Core type | Year | Process |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FeiTeng-1000 | 8 | SPARCv9 compatible | 2011 | 65 nm |
| FT-1500 | 16 | OpenSPARC | 2014 | 40 nm |
| FT-1500-A/4 | 4 | FTC660 Earth | 2016 | 28 nm |
| FT-1500-A/16 | 16 | FTC660 Earth | 2016 | 28 nm |
| FT-2000A/2 | 2 | FTC661 Mars | 2018 | 28 nm |
| FT-2000/64 | 64 | FTC661 Mars | 2017 | 28 nm |
| FT-2000+/64 | 64 | FTC662 Mars II | 2019 | 16 nm |
| FT-2000/4 | 4 | FTC663 | 2019 | 16 nm |
| S2500 | 64 | FTC663 | 2020 | 16 nm |
| D2000 | 8 | custom 64-bit ARMv8-compatible FTC663 | 2020 | 14 nm |
| D3000 | 2021 | 14 nm | ||
| E2000 | 2021 | 14 nm | ||
| E3000 | 14 nm | |||
| S5000 | 2021 | 7 nm | ||
| S6000 | 128 | 2022 | 5 nm |
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b Patrick Thibodeau (2010-11-04). "U.S. says China building 'entirely indigenous' supercomputer". Computerworld. Archived from the original on 2012-10-11. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
- ^ Wu, Yimian (23 May 2018). "China Supports Local Semiconductor Firms By Adding Them To Government Procurement List". China Money Network. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ^ "HKUST - Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering". Ee.ust.hk. 2011-10-20. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
- ^ a b "HKUST - Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering". ust.hk. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
- ^ "China introduces homegrown Feiteng CPU server - People's Daily Online". English.people.com.cn. 2011-03-25. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
- ^ a b c The TianHe-1A Supercomputer: Its Hardware and Software by Xue-Jun Yang, Xiang-Ke Liao, et al in the Journal of Computer Science and Technology, Volume 26, Number 3, May 2011, pp. 344–351 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-06-21. Retrieved 2012-02-08.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Top100爆冷门 天河一号力压星云再夺魁-IT168 服务器专区" [Top 100 upset, Tianhe One beats Nebulae and wins]. Server.it168.com (in Chinese). 2010-10-28. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
- ^ "China builds world's fastest supercomputer". ZDNet UK. 29 October 2010.
- ^ "INFRA-2010-2.3.1 – First Implementation Phase of the European High Performance Computing (HPC) service PRACE" (PDF). Prace-project.eu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-09-27. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
- ^ Dongarra, Jack (3 June 2013). "Visit to the National University for Defense Technology Changsha, China" (PDF). netlib.org. p. 9.
- ^ MilkyWay-2 supercomputer: system and application. Xiangke LIAO, Liquan XIAO, Canqun YANG, Yutong LU. Front. Comput. Sci., 2014, 8(3): 345–356 DOI:10.1007/s11704-014-3501-3 (September 6, 2013)
- ^ "'[PATCH 0/3] Add support for Phytium FT-1500A SoC' - MARC". marc.info. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
- ^ "Feiteng's strongest server CPU Tengyun S2500 released: up to 8 channels 512 cores".