Events
Pre-1600 1601–1900 1901–present 1903 – Anton Bruckner 's 9th Symphony receives its first performance in Vienna , Austria.[21] 1906 – Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer Nos [22] 1919 – Friedrich Ebert (SPD ), is elected President of Germany .[23] 1929 – Kingdom of Italy and the Vatican sign the Lateran Treaty .[24] 1937 – The Flint sit-down strike ends when General Motors recognizes the United Auto Workers trade union.[25] 1938 – BBC Television produces the world's first ever science fiction television programme, an adaptation of a section of the Karel Čapek play R.U.R. robot ".[26] 1942 – World War II : Second day of the Battle of Bukit Timah is fought in Singapore .[27] 1953 – Cold War : U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower denies all appeals for clemency for Julius and Ethel Rosenberg .[28] 1953 – Israeli-Soviet relations are severed.[29]
1959 – The Federation of Arab Emirates of the South is created as a protectorate of the United Kingdom.[30] 1970 – Japan launches Ohsumi [31] 1971 – Cold War: the Seabed Arms Control Treaty opened for signature outlawing nuclear weapons on the ocean floor in international waters .[32] 1978 – Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314 crashes at the Cranbrook/Canadian Rockies International Airport in Cranbrook, British Columbia , Canada with 42 deaths and seven survivors.[33] 1979 – The Iranian Revolution establishes an Islamic theocracy under the leadership of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini .[34] 1990 – Nelson Mandela is released from Victor Verster Prison outside Cape Town , South Africa after 27 years as a political prisoner.[35] 1990 – Buster Douglas , a 42:1 underdog, knocks out Mike Tyson in ten rounds at Tokyo to win boxing 's world Heavyweight title.[36]
1997 – Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on a mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope .[37] 1999 – Pluto crosses Neptune's orbit, ending a nearly 20-year period when it was closer to the Sun than the gas giant; Pluto is not expected to interact with Neptune's orbit again until 2231.[38] 2001 – A Dutch programmer launched the Anna Kournikova virus infecting millions of emails via a trick photo of the tennis star.[39] 2008 – Rebel East Timorese soldiers seriously wound President José Ramos-Horta . Rebel leader Alfredo Reinado is killed in the attack.[40] 2011 – Arab Spring : The first wave of the Egyptian revolution culminates in the resignation of Hosni Mubarak and the transfer of power to the Supreme Military Council after 17 days of protests.[41] 2013 – The Vatican confirmed that Pope Benedict XVI would resign the papacy as a result of his advanced age.[42] 2013 – Militants claiming to be from the Sultanate of Sulu invade Lahad Datu District , Sabah , Malaysia, beginning the Lahad Datu standoff .[43]
2014 – A military transport plane crashes in a mountainous area of Oum El Bouaghi Province in eastern Algeria , killing 77 people.[44] 2015 – A university student was murdered as she resisted an attempted rape in Turkey , sparking nationwide protests and public outcry against harassment and violence against women .[45] 2016 – A man shoots six people dead at an education center in Jizan Province , Saudi Arabia.[46] 2017 – North Korea test fires a ballistic missile across the Sea of Japan .[47] 2018 – Saratov Airlines Flight 703 crashes near Moscow , Russia with 71 deaths and no survivors.[48] 2020 – COVID-19 pandemic : The World Health Organization officially names the coronavirus outbreak as COVID-19 , with the virus being designated SARS-CoV-2 .[49]
Births
Pre-1600 1601–1900 1649 – William Carstares , Scottish minister and academic (d. 1715)[54] 1657 – Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle , French poet and playwright (d. 1757)[55] 1708 – Egidio Duni , Italian composer (d. 1775)[56] 1764 – Joseph Chénier , French poet and playwright (d. 1811)[57] 1776 – Ioannis Kapodistrias , Greek politician, 1st Governor of Greece (d. 1831)[58] 1800 – Henry Fox Talbot , English photographer and politician, invented the calotype (d. 1877)[59] 1802 – Lydia Maria Child , American journalist, author, and activist (d. 1880)[60] 1805 – Jean Baptiste Charbonneau , Native American-French Canadian explorer (d. 1866)[61] 1812 – Alexander H. Stephens , American lawyer and politician, Vice President of the Confederate States of America (d. 1883)[62] 1813 – Otto Ludwig , German author, playwright, and critic (d. 1865)[63] 1821 – Auguste Mariette , French archaeologist and scholar (d. 1881)[64] 1830 – Hans Bronsart von Schellendorff , Prussian pianist and composer (d. 1913)[65] 1833 – Melville Fuller , American lawyer and jurist, 8th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1910)[66] 1839 – Josiah Willard Gibbs , American physicist (d. 1903)[67] 1845 – Ahmet Tevfik Pasha , Ottoman soldier and politician, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1936)[68] 1847 – Thomas Edison , American engineer and businessman, developed the light bulb and phonograph (d. 1931)[69] 1855 – Ellen Day Hale , American painter and author (d. 1940)[70] 1860 – Rachilde , French author and playwright (d. 1953)[71] 1863 – John F. Fitzgerald , American politician; Mayor of Boston (d. 1950)[72] 1864 – Louis Bouveault , French chemist (d. 1909)[73] 1869 – Helene Kröller-Müller , German-Dutch art collector and philanthropist, founded the Kröller-Müller Museum (d. 1939)[74] [75] 1869 – Else Lasker-Schüler , German poet and author (d. 1945)[76]
1874 – Elsa Beskow , Swedish author and illustrator (d. 1953)[77] 1881 – Carlo Carrà , Italian painter (d. 1966)[78] 1897 – Emil Leon Post , Polish-American mathematician and logician (d.1954)[79] 1898 – Leo Szilard , Hungarian-American physicist and academic (d. 1964)[80] 1900 – Ellen Broe , Danish nurse, pioneer in nursing education (d. 1994)[81] 1900 – Hans-Georg Gadamer , German philosopher and scholar (d. 2002)[82]
1900 – Jōsei Toda , Japanese educator and activist (d. 1958)[83] 1901–present 1902 – Arne Jacobsen , Danish architect, designed Radisson Blu Royal Hotel (d. 1971)[84] 1904 – Keith Holyoake , New Zealand farmer and politician, 26th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1983)[85] 1904 – Lucile Randon , French supercentenarian [86]
1908 – Philip Dunne , American screenwriter (d. 1992)[87] 1908 – Vivian Fuchs , English explorer (d. 1999)[88]
1909 – Max Baer , American boxer and actor (d. 1959)[89] 1909 – Joseph L. Mankiewicz , American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1993)[90]
1912 – Rudolf Firkušný , Czech-American pianist and educator (d. 1994)[91] 1914 – Matt Dennis , American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2002)[92] 1914 – Josh White , American blues singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1969)[93]
1915 – Patrick Leigh Fermor , English soldier, author, and scholar (d. 2011)[94] 1915 – Richard Hamming , American mathematician and academic (d. 1998)[95]
1917 – Sidney Sheldon , American author and screenwriter (d. 2007)[96] 1920 – Farouk I , King of Egypt (d. 1965)[97] 1920 – Daniel F. Galouye , American author (d. 1976)[98]
1920 – Billy Halop , American actor (d. 1976)[99]
1920 – Daniel James, Jr. , American general and pilot (d. 1978)[100]
1921 – Lloyd Bentsen , American politician, 69th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 2006)[101] 1921 – Ottavio Missoni , Italian hurdler and fashion designer, founded Missoni (d. 2013)[102]
1923 – Antony Flew , English philosopher and academic (d. 2010)[103] 1924 – Budge Patty , American tennis player (d. 2021)[104] 1925 – Virginia E. Johnson , American psychologist and academic (d. 2013)[105] 1925 – Kim Stanley , American actress (d. 2001)[106]
1926 – Paul Bocuse , French chef (d. 2018)[107] 1926 – Leslie Nielsen , Canadian-American actor and producer (d. 2010)[108]
1930 – Roy De Forest , American painter and academic (d. 2007).[109] 1932 – Dennis Skinner , English miner and politician[110] 1934 – Mel Carnahan , American lawyer and politician, 51st Governor of Missouri (d. 2000)[111] 1934 – Tina Louise , American actress and singer[112]
1934 – Manuel Noriega , Panamanian general and politician, Military leader of Panama (d. 2017)[113]
1934 – Mary Quant , British fashion designer[114]
1934 – David Taylor , English veterinarian and television host (d. 2013)[115]
1935 – Gene Vincent , American singer and guitarist (d. 1971)[116] 1936 – Burt Reynolds , American actor and director (d. 2018)[117] 1937 – Ian Gow , British politician (d. 1990)[118] 1937 – Bill Lawry , Australian cricketer and sportscaster[119]
1937 – Eddie Shack , Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2020)[120]
1937 – Phillip Walker , American singer and guitarist (d. 2010)[121]
1938 – Bevan Congdon , New Zealand cricketer (d. 2018)[122] 1939 – Gerry Goffin , American songwriter (d. 2014)[123] 1941 – Sérgio Mendes , Brazilian pianist and composer[124] 1942 – Otis Clay , American singer-songwriter (d. 2016)[125] 1943 – Joselito , Spanish singer and actor[126] 1943 – Alan Rubin , American trumpet player (d. 2011)[127]
1944 – Mike Oxley , American lawyer and politician (d. 2016)[128] 1944 – Joy Williams , American novelist, short story writer, and essayist[129]
1946 – Ian Porterfield , Scottish footballer and manager (d. 2007)[130] 1947 – Yukio Hatoyama , Japanese engineer and politician and Prime Minister of Japan[131] 1947 – Derek Shulman , Scottish singer-songwriter and producer[132]
1951 – Mike Leavitt , American politician, 14th Governor of Utah [133] 1953 – Philip Anglim , American actor[134] 1953 – Jeb Bush , American banker and politician, 43rd Governor of Florida [135]
1953 – Tom Veryzer , American baseball player (d. 2014)[136]
1954 – Wesley Strick , American director and screenwriter[137] 1956 – Didier Lockwood , French violinist (d. 2018)[138] 1956 – Catherine Hickland , American actress[139] 1957 – Tina Ambani , Indian actress and chairperson[140] 1959 – Roberto Moreno , Brazilian race car driver[141] 1960 – Richard Mastracchio , American engineer and astronaut[142] 1962 – Tammy Baldwin , American lawyer and politician[143] 1962 – Sheryl Crow , American singer-songwriter and guitarist[144]
1964 – Sarah Palin , American politician, 9th Governor of Alaska [145] 1964 – Ken Shamrock , American martial artist and wrestler[146]
1965 – Vicki Wilson , Australian netball player[147] 1968 – Mo Willems , American author and illustrator[148] 1969 – Jennifer Aniston , American actress and producer[149] 1969 – Andreas Hilfiker , Swiss footballer[150]
1969 – John Salako , Nigerian-English footballer, manager, and sportscaster[151]
1971 – Damian Lewis , English actor[152] 1972 – Steve McManaman , English footballer[153] 1973 – Varg Vikernes , Norwegian guitarist and songwriter[154] 1974 – Nick Barmby , English international footballer and manager[155] 1974 – D'Angelo , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer[156]
1974 – Jaroslav Špaček , Czech ice hockey player and coach[157]
1975 – Andy Lally , American race car driver[158] 1975 – Callum Thorp , Australian cricketer[159]
1975 – Jacque Vaughn , American basketball player and coach[160]
1976 – Tony Battie , American basketball player and sportscaster[161] 1977 – Mike Shinoda , American musician and artist[162] 1979 – Brandy Norwood , American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress[163] 1982 – Ľubomíra Kalinová , Slovak biathlete[164] 1982 – Neil Robertson , Australian snooker player[165]
1983 – Rafael van der Vaart , Dutch international footballer[166] 1984 – Maarten Heisen , Dutch sprinter[167] 1984 – Marco Marcato , Italian cyclist[168]
1984 – Maxime Talbot , Canadian ice hockey player[169]
1985 – Šárka Strachová , Czech skier[170] 1986 – Gabriel Boric , Chilean politician, 36th President of Chile [171] 1987 – Luca Antonelli , Italian footballer[172] 1987 – Juanmi Callejón , Spanish footballer[173]
1987 – Ellen van Dijk , Dutch cyclist[174]
1987 – Brian Matusz , American baseball player[175]
1987 – Jan Smeekens , Dutch speed skater[176]
1988 – Vlad Moldoveanu , Romanian basketball player[177] 1990 – Javier Aquino , Mexican footballer[178] 1991 – Nikola Mirotic , Spanish basketball player[179] 1992 – Lasse Norman Hansen , Danish track and road cyclist[180] 1993 – Ben McLemore , American basketball player[181] 1994 – Dansby Swanson , American baseball player[182] 1996 – Daniil Medvedev , Russian tennis player[183] 1996 – Jonathan Tah , German footballer[184]
1997 – Hubert Hurkacz , Polish tennis player[185] 1998 – Khalid , American singer and songwriter[186]
Deaths
Pre-1600 1601–1900 1626 – Pietro Cataldi , Italian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1548)[193] 1650 – René Descartes , French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1596)[194] 1755 – Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei , Italian archaeologist, playwright, and critic (b. 1675)[195] 1763 – William Shenstone , English poet and gardener (b. 1714)[196] 1795 – Carl Michael Bellman , Swedish poet and composer (b. 1740)[197] 1829 – Alexander Griboyedov , Russian poet, playwright, and composer (b. 1795)[198] 1862 – Elizabeth Siddal , English poet and artist's model (b. 1829)[199] 1868 – Léon Foucault , French physicist and academic (b. 1819)[200] 1898 – Félix María Zuloaga , Mexican general and unconstitutional interim president (b. 1813)[201] 1901–present 1901 – Milan I of Serbia (b. 1855)[202] 1917 – Oswaldo Cruz , Brazilian physician and epidemiologist (b. 1872)[203] 1918 – Alexey Kaledin , Russian general (b. 1861)[204] 1931 – Charles Algernon Parsons , English-Irish engineer, invented the steam turbine (b. 1854)[205] 1940 – John Buchan , Scottish-Canadian historian and politician, Governor General of Canada (b. 1875)[206] 1940 – Ellen Day Hale , American painter and author (b. 1855)[70]
1942 – Jamnalal Bajaj , Indian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1884)[207] 1947 – Martin Klein , Estonian wrestler and coach (b. 1884)[208] 1948 – Sergei Eisenstein , Russian director and screenwriter (b. 1898)[209] 1949 – Axel Munthe , Swedish doctor (b. 1857)[210] 1958 – Ernest Jones , Welsh neurologist and psychoanalyst (b. 1879)[211] 1963 – John Olof Dahlgren , Swedish-American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1872)[212] 1963 – Sylvia Plath , American poet, novelist, and short story writer (b. 1932)[213]
1967 – A. J. Muste , Dutch-American minister and activist (b. 1885)[214] 1968 – Howard Lindsay , American playwright (b. 1889)[215] 1973 – J. Hans D. Jensen , German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)[216] 1975 – Richard Ratsimandrava , Malagasy colonel and politician, President of Madagascar (b. 1931)[217] 1976 – Lee J. Cobb , American actor (b. 1911)[218] 1976 – Alexander Lippisch , German pilot and engineer (b. 1894)[219]
1977 – Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed , Indian lawyer and politician, 5th President of India (b. 1905)[220] 1977 – Louis Beel , Dutch academic and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1902)[221]
1978 – James Bryant Conant , American chemist and academic (b. 1893)[222] 1978 – Harry Martinson , Swedish novelist, essayist, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)[223]
1982 – Eleanor Powell , American actress and dancer (b. 1912)[224] 1985 – Henry Hathaway , American actor, director, and producer (b. 1898)[225] 1986 – Frank Herbert , American journalist and author (b. 1920)[226] 1989 – George O'Hanlon , American actor and voice artist (b. 1912)[227] 1993 – Robert W. Holley , American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922)[228] 1994 – Neil Bonnett , American race car driver (b. 1946)[229] 1994 – Sorrell Booke , American actor and director (b. 1930)[230]
1994 – William Conrad , American actor, director, and producer (b. 1920)[231]
1994 – Paul Feyerabend , Austrian-Swiss philosopher and academic (b. 1924)[232]
1996 – Amelia Rosselli , Italian poet and author (b. 1930)[233] 2000 – Lord Kitchner , Trinidadian singer (b. 1922)[234] 2000 – Roger Vadim , French director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1928)[235]
2002 – Frankie Crosetti , American baseball player and coach (b. 1910)[236] 2002 – Barry Foster , English actor (b. 1931)[237]
2004 – Shirley Strickland , Australian runner (b. 1925)[238] 2005 – Jack L. Chalker , American author (b. 1944)[239] 2006 – Peter Benchley , American author and screenwriter (b. 1940)[240] 2006 – Ken Fletcher , Australian tennis player (b. 1940)[241]
2006 – Jackie Pallo , English wrestler and actor (b. 1926)[242]
2008 – Tom Lantos , American lawyer and politician (b. 1928)[243] 2008 – Frank Piasecki , American engineer (b. 1919)[244]
2009 – Estelle Bennett , American singer (b. 1941)[245] 2009 – Willem Johan Kolff , Dutch-American physician and academic (b. 1911)[246]
2010 – Heward Grafftey , Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1928)[247] 2010 – Alexander McQueen , English fashion designer, founder of his eponymous brand (b. 1969)[248]
2011 – Chuck Tanner , American baseball player and manager (b. 1928)[249] 2012 – Siri Bjerke , Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of the Environment (b. 1958)[250] 2012 – Aharon Davidi , Israeli general (b. 1927)[251]
2012 – Whitney Houston , American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress (b. 1963)[252]
2013 – Rick Huxley , English bass player (b. 1940)[253] 2014 – Alice Babs , Swedish singer and actress (b. 1924)[254] 2014 – Tito Canepa , Dominican-American painter (b. 1916)[255] [256]
2014 – Fernando González Pacheco , Colombian journalist and actor (b. 1932)[257]
2015 – Roger Hanin , French actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1925)[258] 2015 – Bob Simon , American journalist (b. 1941)[259]
2015 – Jerry Tarkanian , American basketball player and coach (b. 1930)[260]
2016 – Kevin Randleman , American mixed martial artist and wrestler (b. 1971)[261] 2016 – Zeng Xuelin , Thai-Chinese footballer and manager (b. 1929)[262]
2017 – Fab Melo , Brazilian basketball player (b. 1990)[263] 2017 – Jaap Rijks , Dutch Olympian (b. 1919)[264]
2018 – Vic Damone , American singer, songwriter and actor (b. 1928)[265] 2018 – Asma Jahangir , Pakistani human-rights lawyer and social activist (b. 1952)[266]
2018 – Jan Maxwell , American stage and television actress (b. 1956)[267]
2018 – Qazi Wajid , Pakistani drama actor, writer and artist (b. 1930)[268]
Holidays and observances
Notes
References
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Historical Dictionary of Music of the Classical Period ISBN 978-0-8108-7386-5 ^ Nafziger, George F. (2001). Historical Dictionary of the Napoleonic Era ISBN 978-0-8108-6617-1 ^ Newton, Michael (2014). Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia [2 volumes] ISBN 978-1-61069-286-1 ^ "BBC - History - William Henry Fox Talbot" . www.bbc.co.uk . Retrieved 13 February 2020 .^ "Lydia Maria Child | American author" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 13 February 2020 .^ Morris, Larry E. (2004). The Fate of the Corps: What Became of the Lewis and Clark Explorers After the Expedition 187 . ISBN 978-0-300-13024-9 ^ "Alexander H. Stephens | vice president of Confederate States of America" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 13 February 2020 .^ "Otto Ludwig | German writer" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 25 February 2020 .^ "Auguste Mariette | French archaeologist" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 25 February 2020 .^ Giraudet, Jean-Paul (1 March 2014). 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