Eunice Walker Johnson (April 4, 1916 – January 3, 2010) was an American businesswoman. Johnson was the wife of publisher John H. Johnson and an executive at Johnson Publishing Company.[1] Johnson was the founder and director of the Ebony Fashion Fair, which began in 1958 as a hospital fundraiser and became an annual worldwide fashion tour that highlighted fashion for African-American women, running until a year before her death.[2]
Eunice W. Johnson | |
|---|---|
 Johnson photographed in her office at Johnson Publishing Company in Chicago, circa 1975. | |
| Born | Eunice Walker April 4, 1916 Selma, Alabama, U.S. |
| Died | January 3, 2010 (aged 93) Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
| Resting place | Oak Woods Cemetery (Chicago, Illinois) |
| Education | B.A. Talladega College |
| Alma mater | Loyola University Chicago |
| Occupations |
|
| Years active | 1942–2008 |
| Notable credits | |
| Title | Founder and director of the Ebony Fashion Fair |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 2 |
Early life and education edit
Eunice Walker was born on April 4, 1916, in Selma, Alabama, to Nathaniel Walker, a physician, and Ethel Walker (née McAlpine), a high school principal. She was one of four children. She graduated with a degree in sociology from Talladega College in 1938. During college, Johnson joined Delta Sigma Theta.[3] Johnson met her future husband, John H. Johnson, in 1940 while she was attending Loyola University Chicago and was married after she earned her master's degree the following year.[4]
Career edit
Johnson Publishing Company edit
Together with her husband, she established The Negro Digest in 1942, a magazine styled after Reader's Digest. The rapid growth of their first publication encouraged them to create Ebony, a monthly designed to emulate Life and its style of boldly-photographed front covers. Johnson was the one who suggested that the magazine be named for the dark wood.[4] By the time of her death, Ebony reached a readership of 1.25 million, and its weekly companion Jet reached a circulation of 900,000. She was a great influence to a lot of African Americans.[4]
Ebony Fashion Fair & Cosmetics edit
Johnson began the Ebony Fashion Tour (which later became known as Ebony Fashion Fair) as a fundraiser in 1958 for a hospital in New Orleans. In its half century of existence, the tour visited 200 cities across the United States, Canada and the Caribbean, raising over $50 million for charity. The fashion tour was a pioneer in using African-American models on the runway and helped highlight the works of African-American designers. Building on her difficulties in finding cosmetics suited to the skin tones of her models, Johnson created Fashion Fair Cosmetics in 1973 as a line of makeup that would be sold in leading department stores.[4]
Death, family and legacy edit
Johnson died of renal failure January 3, 2010, at the age of 93 at her home in Chicago. She was buried with her husband in a private family mausoleum at Oak Woods Cemetery, in the Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood of Chicago's South Side.[5] She was survived by her daughter Linda Johnson-Rice, chairwoman and chief executive of Johnson Publishing, as well as by a granddaughter. Her son, John H. Johnson Jr., died in December 1981 after a long battle with an illness related to sickle cell at age 25.[6][4]
In 2010, the Noble Network of Charter Schools and Chicago Public Schools opened Johnson College Prep High School, a public charter high school in Chicago's Englewood neighborhood, in honor of Johnson and her husband John H. Johnson.[7]
References edit
- ^ Jensen, Trevor. "Eunice W. Johnson dies at 93; gave Ebony magazine its name", Los Angeles Times, January 5, 2010. Accessed January 9, 2010.
- ^ Faulkner, Leesha. "Eunice Walker Johnson remembered", Selma Times-Journal, January 6, 2010. Accessed January 9, 2010.
- ^ "Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Mourns Beloved Member and Fashion Pioneer, Eunice W. Johnson" Archived 2010-10-26 at the Wayback Machine, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Incorporated, January 8, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e Hevesi, Dennis. "Eunice Johnson Dies at 93; Gave Ebony Its Name", The New York Times, January 9, 2010. Accessed January 9, 2010.
- ^ Encyclopedia of African American Business
- ^ Ebony (March 1982)
- ^ History & Campus Partnerships.