A defense pact (or defence pact in Commonwealth spelling) is a type of treaty or military alliance in which the signatories promise to support each other militarily and to defend each other.[1] In general, the signatories point out the threats in the treaty and concretely prepare to respond to it together.[2]
Current treatiesEdit
RussiaEdit
- 1992 – Collective Security Treaty – established the Collective Security Treaty Organization including Armenia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan.
United KingdomEdit
- 1949 – North Atlantic Treaty (Treaty of Washington) – establishes NATO mutual defense organization.
- 1958 – US–UK Mutual Defence Agreement.
- 1971 – Five Powers Defence Arrangements.
- 2021 – AUKUS - mutual defense alliance between Australia, United Kingdom, and the United States.
United StatesEdit
- 1947 – Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty) – Western Hemisphere mutual defense.
- 1949 – North Atlantic Treaty (Treaty of Washington) – establishes NATO mutual defense organization.
- 1951 – Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Philippines.
- 1951 – ANZUS – mutual defense alliance between Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.
- 1953 – Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea – created an alliance with South Korea.
- 1958 – US–UK Mutual Defence Agreement.
- 1960 – Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security Between the United States and Japan – mutual defense treaty with Japan.
- 1979 – Taiwan Relations Act – non-mutual pact between the governing authorities on Taiwan and the United States for the defense of Taiwan and Penghu Islands as well as arms sales.
- 2021 - AUKUS - mutual defense alliance between Australia, United Kingdom, and the United States.
European UnionEdit
- 2009 – European Union - established by the Lisbon Treaty in article 42.7 of the Treaty on European Union and article 222 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Implemented as part of the Common Security and Defence Policy.
Historical treatiesEdit
RussiaEdit
- 1881 – League of the Three Emperors – between the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, and the Russian Empire.
- 1955 – Warsaw Pact – between Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Soviet Union.
United KingdomEdit
- 1955 – Baghdad Pact – between Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, and the United Kingdom.
United StatesEdit
- 1778 – Treaty of Alliance – between the Kingdom of France and the United States.
- 1954–1977 – Southeast Asia Treaty Organization – between Australia, France, New Zealand, the Philippines, Thailand, Pakistan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
- 1955 – Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty – between China and the United States.
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Volker Krause, J. David Singer "Minor Powers, Alliances, And Armed Conflict: Some Preliminary Patterns", in "Small States and Alliances", 2001, pp 15–23, ISBN 978-3-7908-2492-6 (Print) ISBN 978-3-662-13000-1 (Online) [1]
- ^ Fulvio Attinà "State aggregation in defense pacts: systemic explanations", Jean Monnet Working Papers, University of Catania, nr. 56, November 2004, ISSN 2281-9029 [2]
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