DR1 (gene)

Protein Dr1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DR1 gene.

DR1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1JFI
Identifiers
Aliases	DR1, NC2, NC2-BETA, NC2B, down-regulator of transcription 1, NCB2
External IDs	OMIM: 601482 MGI: 1100515 HomoloGene: 38809 GeneCards: DR1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) Band 1p22.1 Start 93,345,907 bp End 93,369,493 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 5 (mouse) Band 5 F|5 52.82 cM Start 108,416,763 bp End 108,428,392 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in human penis amniotic fluid tibia body of tongue oral cavity superficial temporal artery right ventricle urethra synovial joint superior surface of tongue Top expressed in spermatocyte barrel cortex seminiferous tubule Paneth cell submandibular gland primitive streak atrioventricular valve hair follicle blood abdominal wall More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function TBP-class protein binding DNA binding transcription factor binding protein binding transcription corepressor activity protein heterodimerization activity DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific transcription coactivator activity RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity Cellular component nucleus negative cofactor 2 complex Biological process regulation of transcription, DNA-templated negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II histone H3 acetylation transcription, DNA-templated chromatin remodeling regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly transcription by RNA polymerase II Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1810 13486 Ensembl ENSG00000117505 ENSMUSG00000029265 UniProt Q01658 Q91WV0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001938 NM_026106 RefSeq (protein) NP_001929 NP_080382 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 93.35 – 93.37 Mb Chr 5: 108.42 – 108.43 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes a TBP- (TATA box-binding protein) associated phosphoprotein that represses both basal and activated levels of transcription. The encoded protein is phosphorylated in vivo and this phosphorylation affects its interaction with TBP. This protein contains a histone fold motif at the amino terminus, a TBP-binding domain, and a glutamine- and alanine-rich region. The binding of DR1 repressor complexes to TBP-promoter complexes may establish a mechanism in which an altered DNA conformation, together with the formation of higher order complexes, inhibits the assembly of the preinitiation complex and controls the rate of RNA polymerase II transcription.

Interactions

DR1 (gene) has been shown to interact with DRAP1.

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Goppelt A, Stelzer G, Lottspeich F, Meisterernst M (1996). "A mechanism for repression of class II gene transcription through specific binding of NC2 to TBP-promoter complexes via heterodimeric histone fold domains". EMBO J. 15 (12): 3105–16. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00673.x. PMC 450253. PMID 8670811.
• Kashanchi F, Khleif SN, Duvall JF, Sadaie MR, Radonovich MF, Cho M, Martin MA, Chen SY, Weinmann R, Brady JN (1996). "Interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat with a unique site of TFIID inhibits negative cofactor Dr1 and stabilizes the TFIID-TFIIA complex". J. Virol. 70 (8): 5503–10. doi:10.1128/JVI.70.8.5503-5510.1996. PMC 190508. PMID 8764062.
• Cowell IG, Hurst HC (1996). "Protein-protein interaction between the transcriptional repressor E4BP4 and the TBP-binding protein Dr1". Nucleic Acids Res. 24 (18): 3607–13. doi:10.1093/nar/24.18.3607. PMC 146135. PMID 8836190.
• Rozet JM, Gerber S, Perrault I, Camuzat A, Calvas P, Viegas-Pequignot E, Molina-Gomes D, Le Paslier D, Chumakov I, Munnich A, Kaplan J (1996). "Structure and physical mapping of DR1, a TATA-binding protein-associated phosphoprotein gene, to chromosome 1p22.1 and its exclusion in Stargardt disease (STGD)". Genomics. 36 (3): 554–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0508. PMID 8884286.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Kamada K, Shu F, Chen H, Malik S, Stelzer G, Roeder RG, Meisterernst M, Burley SK (2001). "Crystal structure of negative cofactor 2 recognizing the TBP-DNA transcription complex". Cell. 106 (1): 71–81. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00417-2. PMID 11461703. S2CID 11064090.
• Gilfillan S, Stelzer G, Piaia E, Hofmann MG, Meisterernst M (2005). "Efficient binding of NC2.TATA-binding protein to DNA in the absence of TATA". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (7): 6222–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M406343200. PMID 15574413.
• Lewis BA, Sims RJ, Lane WS, Reinberg D (2005). "Functional characterization of core promoter elements: DPE-specific transcription requires the protein kinase CK2 and the PC4 coactivator". Mol. Cell. 18 (4): 471–81. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2005.04.005. PMID 15893730.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
• Malecová B, Gross P, Boyer-Guittaut M, Yavuz S, Oelgeschläger T (2007). "The initiator core promoter element antagonizes repression of TATA-directed transcription by negative cofactor NC2". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (34): 24767–76. doi:10.1074/jbc.M702776200. PMID 17584739.