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Cycling at the Summer Paralympics

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Cycling has been contested at every Summer Paralympic Games since the 1984 Summer Paralympics.

Cycling at the Summer Paralympics
Cycling (road) pictogram (Paralympics).svg
Governing bodyIPC
Events44 (men: 30; women: 12; mixed: 2)
Games

SummaryEdit

Games Year Events Best Nation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 1984 7   Norway
8 1988 7   South Korea
9 1992 9   Germany
10 1996 23   Australia
11 2000 27   Australia
12 2004 31   Australia
13 2008 44   Great Britain
14 2012 50   Great Britain
15 2016 50   Great Britain
16 2020 51   Great Britain

ClassificationEdit

 
Cyclists with visual impairments are paired with a sighted pilot. Here Scott McPhee pilots to Kieran Modra's stocker.

Cyclists are given a classification depending on the type and extent of their disability. The classification system allows cyclists to compete against others with a similar level of function.[1]

At the 2008 Summer Paralympics and earlier, classes were:

At the 2012 Summer Paralympics, a functional para-cycling classification system was used.

  • B: Cyclists with a vision impairment, using a tandem bicycle
  • T 1–2: Cyclists with cerebral palsy, MS or similar neuro-motor impairment, using a tricycle
  • C 1–5: Cyclists with amputations, neuromotor or musculoskeletal impairment, using a bicycle
  • H 1–4: Cyclists using a handcycle

FactoringEdit

In some cycling events, cyclists with different classifications compete against each other for one set of medals. Many (but not all) such events are factored, reducing the times of riders in lower classifications to take their greater impairment into account. Factoring percentages are based on average race times by riders in each classification.[2]

At the 2012 Summer Paralympics, factored races included the mixed tricycle time trial, Women's C1–3 road time trial,[3] Women's H1–2 road time trial and track C1–3 and C4–5 events.

Road cyclingEdit

Men's eventsEdit

Current events
Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Road race - - X - - X X X X X 6
Time trial X X X X - X X X X X 9
Past events
Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Team tandem open, time trial - - X - - - - - - - 1

Women's eventsEdit

Nation 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Road race X - - - - X X X X X 6
Time trial X - X - - X X X X X 7

Mixed eventsEdit

Current events
Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Team relay - - - - - - - X X X 3
Past events
Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Road race - - - X X - X X - - 4
Time trial - - - X X - X X - - 4

Medal tableEdit

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1  Germany (GER)21201556
2  United States (USA)19282067
3  Great Britain (GBR)1712736
4  Australia (AUS)14151544
5  France (FRA)1461434
6  Netherlands (NED)13101134
7  Italy (ITA)1213833
8  Spain (ESP)981229
9  Canada (CAN)98926
10  Austria (AUT)79723
11  Ireland (IRL)62311
12  Poland (POL)56213
13  Czech Republic (CZE)53513
14  Switzerland (SUI)46717
15  Belgium (BEL)45716
16  China (CHN)36514
17  South Korea (KOR)35513
18  Slovakia (SVK)3328
19  Japan (JPN)32611
20  South Africa (RSA)3227
21  Ukraine (UKR)3205
22  Norway (NOR)3137
23  Belarus (BLR)3104
24  RPC (RPC)2002
25  Denmark (DEN)1001
26  Sweden (SWE)0224
27  Czechoslovakia (TCH)0202
  Finland (FIN)0202
  Romania (ROU)0202
30  New Zealand (NZL)0145
31  West Germany (FRG)0123
32  Brazil (BRA)0112
  Portugal (POR)0112
34  Israel (ISR)0101
35  Colombia (COL)0022
  Lebanon (LIB)0022
37  Argentina (ARG)0011
  Russia (RUS)0011
Totals (38 entries)186186181553

Track cyclingEdit

Men's eventsEdit

Current events
Event 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Bicycle, individual pursuit - - X X X X X 5
Bicycle, time trial - - X X X X X 5
Tandem, individual pursuit X X X X X X X 7
Tandem, time trial X X X X X X X 7
Past events
Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Bicycle, team sprint - - X X - - - 2
Tandem, sprint X X X X - - - 4

Women's eventsEdit

Current events
Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Bicycle, individual pursuit - - - - X X X 3
Bicycle, 500m time trial - - - X X X X 4
Tandem, individual pursuit X X X X X X X 7
Tandem, 1 km time trial X X X X X X X 7
Past events
Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Bicycle, 1 km time trial - - X - - X - 2
Tandem, sprint - - X - - - - 1

Mixed eventsEdit

Current events
Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Team, sprint - X - - X X X 4
Past events
Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Omnium X - - - - - - 1
Tandem open, individual pursuit X X - - - - - 2
Tandem open, sprint X X - - X X - 4
Tandem open, time trial X X - - - - - 2

Medal tableEdit

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1  Great Britain (GBR)3418961
2  Australia (AUS)27201966
3  China (CHN)1091231
4  United States (USA)7131232
5  Netherlands (NED)66517
6  Italy (ITA)52613
7  Spain (ESP)47920
8  France (FRA)45716
9  Czech Republic (CZE)34512
10  Slovakia (SVK)3227
11  Germany (GER)28717
12  Japan (JPN)2507
13  New Zealand (NZL)2237
14  Austria (AUT)1315
15  Romania (ROU)1102
16  Switzerland (SUI)1012
  Ukraine (UKR)1012
18  Belarus (BLR)1001
  RPC (RPC)1001
20  Canada (CAN)05510
21  Ireland (IRL)0213
22  Norway (NOR)0123
23  Poland (POL)0112
24  South Korea (KOR)0101
25  Colombia (COL)0033
26  Belgium (BEL)0022
27  Argentina (ARG)0011
  South Africa (RSA)0011
Totals (28 entries)115115115345

Overall medal tableEdit

Updated to 2020 Summer Paralympics. Countries in italics are former countries who participated in the Paralympics.

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1  Great Britain51301697
2  Australia413534110
3  United States26413299
4  Germany23282273
5  Netherlands19161651
6  France18112150
7  Italy17151446
8  Spain13152149
9  China13151745
10  Canada9131436
11  Austria812828
12  Czech Republic871025
13  Slovakia65415
14  Ireland64414
15  Japan57618
16  Poland57315
17  Switzerland56819
18  Belgium45918
19  Ukraine4217
20  Belarus4105
21  South Korea36514
22  Norway32510
23  South Africa3238
24  RPC3003
25  New Zealand23712
26  Romania1304
27  Denmark1001
28  Sweden0224
29  Czechoslovakia (TCH)0202
  Finland0202
31  West Germany (FRG)0123
32  Brazil0112
  Portugal0112
34  Israel0101
35  Colombia0055
36  Argentina0022
  Lebanon0022
38  Russia0011
Totals (38 entries)301301296898

NationsEdit

Nation 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 Total
  Afghanistan (AFG)             2 2 2
  Albania (ALB)             1 1
  Argentina (ARG)             1 3 3 5 4
  Australia (AUS)             1 8 14 22 19 17 15 15 8
  Austria (AUT)             1 4 7 9 7 11 7 4 8
  Barbados (BAR)             1 1 2
  Belarus (BLR)             2 4 6 6 2 5
  Belgium (BEL)             3 7 5 2 1 3 4 8 8
  Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH)             1 1
  Brazil (BRA)             1 1 2 1 2 2 5 7
  Burkina Faso (BUR)             2 2 1 2 4
  Canada (CAN)             4 3 15 7 10 12 15 15 14 9
  China (CHN)             6 8 8 11 4
  Colombia (COL)             1 4 3 6 4
  Costa Rica (CRC)             1 1 2
  Croatia (CRO)             1 2 2
  Cuba (CUB)             1 1 2
  Czech Republic (CZE)             3 6 8 8 8 8 6
  Czechoslovakia (TCH)             1 3 2
  Denmark (DEN)             1 3 2 2 4
  Dominican Republic (DOM)             1 1 2
  Estonia (EST)             1 1
  Finland (FIN)             1 2 2 2 3 5
  France (FRA)             1 6 16 17 18 9 9 14 5 9
  Germany (GER)             9 13 13 17 17 16 15 7
  Ghana (GHA)             1 1 2
  Great Britain (GBR)             1 1 7 8 8 8 12 19 20 9
  Greece (GRE)             4 2 5 6 4
  Haiti (HAI)             1 1
  Hungary (HUN)             2 1
  Iran (IRI)             1 1 1 3
  Ireland (IRL)             1 3 6 10 10 5
  Israel (ISR)             1 1 3 1 4
  Italy (ITA)             8 12 9 7 9 13 13 7
  Japan (JPN)             2 7 6 5 4 5 6
  Lebanon (LBN)             1 1 2
  Luxembourg (LUX)             1 2 2
  Malaysia (MAS)             2 4 2
  Mexico (MEX)             1 1
  Netherlands (NED)             3 4 7 3 5 6 11 18 8
  New Zealand (NZL)             2 5 6 8 4
  Norway (NOR)             3 2 4 4 6 7 1 2 1 9
  Pakistan (PAK)             1 1
  Peru (PER)             1 1
  Poland (POL)             3 6 6 12 4
  Portugal (POR)             3 1 1 1 2 5
  Romania (ROU)             1 3 2 2 4
  Russia (RUS)             2 1
  Serbia (SRB)             2 1
  Singapore (SGP)             2 2 2
  Slovakia (SVK)             2 4 4 4 6 5 6
  Slovenia (SLO)             1 1 1 1 4
  South Africa (RSA)             4 7 6 6 4
  South Korea (KOR)             10 5 3 4 2 2 2 3 8
  Spain (ESP)             17 26 23 14 16 16 12 7
  Sweden (SWE)             1 1 4 3
  Switzerland (SUI)             6 6 8 8 5 8 7 7
  Ukraine (UKR)             1 1 2
  Unified Team (EUN)             2 1
  United States (USA)             3 11 30 35 35 18 13 17 24 9
  Venezuela (VEN)             1 1 2 2 2 5
  West Germany (FRG)             3 1 2
Nations 8 11 19 23 25 39 39 48 45
Competitors 22 40 149 181 202 196 220 223 235
Year 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cycling at the Summer Paralympics.
  1. ^ Cycling Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine, Canadian Paralympic Committee
  2. ^ "Paralympics: Cyclist wins GB's first medal". Channel 4. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
  3. ^ "Cycling - Road". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on 13 February 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
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