Consuelo Bland Marshall (born September 28, 1936) is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California.
Consuelo Bland Marshall | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California | |
| Assumed office October 24, 2005 | |
| Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California | |
| In office 2001–2005 | |
| Preceded by | Terry J. Hatter Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Alicemarie Huber Stotler |
| Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California | |
| In office September 30, 1980 – October 24, 2005 | |
| Appointed by | Jimmy Carter |
| Preceded by | Robert Firth |
| Succeeded by | Valerie Baker Fairbank |
| Judge for the Criminal Division of the Los Angeles County Superior Court | |
| In office 1977–1980 | |
| Judge for the Civil and Criminal Division of the Inglewood Municipal Court | |
| In office 1976–1977 | |
| Commissioner of the Juvenile Court of the Los Angeles County Superior Court | |
| In office 1971–1976 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Consuelo Bland Arnold[1] September 28, 1936[2] Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Spouse | George E. Marshall[2] |
| Education | Los Angeles City College (AA) Howard University (BA, LLB) |
Education and career edit
Born in Knoxville, Tennessee, Marshall received an Associate of Arts degree from Los Angeles City College in 1956. She received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Howard University in 1958. She received a Bachelor of Laws from Howard University School of Law in 1961. She was a deputy city attorney of Los Angeles City Attorney's Office from 1962 to 1967. She was in private practice of law in Los Angeles, California from 1968 to 1970. She was a Commissioner of the Juvenile Court of the Los Angeles County Superior Court from 1971 to 1976. She was a judge of the Civil and Criminal Division of the Inglewood Municipal Court in Inglewood, California from 1976 to 1977. She was a judge of the Criminal Division of the Los Angeles County Superior Court from 1977 to 1980.[3]
Federal judicial service edit
Marshall was nominated by President Jimmy Carter on June 20, 1980, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Central District of California vacated by Judge Robert Firth. She was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 29, 1980, and received her commission on September 30, 1980. She served as Chief Judge from 2001 to 2005. She assumed senior status on October 24, 2005.[3]
Landmark rulings edit
A notable decision was rendered by Judge Marshall in the matter Preferred Communications Inc. v. City of Los Angeles. [4]
The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and later the U.S. Supreme Court found that the City of Los Angeles violated the First Amendment through its procedure relative to the South Central Los Angeles Cable Television Franchise specifically by depriving Preferred Communications Inc. access to the public utility lines.[5]
Marshal would dismiss the case twice; and, twice, Marshall was reversed, in two higher courts. In sum, twelve senior members of the bench superseded Marshall's dismissal of the case; three judges from the 9th Circuit[6] and nine justices in the U.S. Supreme Court.
The Ninth Circuit summarizes:
"...[w]e affirm the district court's decision insofar as it pertains to the plaintiff's antitrust claims and reverse its dismissal of the First Amendment claim," [7]
and, subsequently, the Supreme Court of the United States of America "dismissed as improper" [8] Marshall's ruling, stating:
"...[t]he complaint should not have been dismissed. The activities in which respondent allegedly seeks to engage plainly implicate First Amendment interests."
Multiple delays permeate the timeline of events before and after the separate rulings from the higher courts.
- In 1983 the case was filed in district court for the Central District of California. [9] (#83-5846 cbm)
- In 1985 the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit unanimously overturned Marshall's decision.(#754 f 2d)
- In 1986 the Supreme Court rendered unanimous judgment (9-0), to reverse Marshall and upheld the Ninth Circuit's 3-0 ruling (#476 U.S. 488, 1986)
- In 1992 Judge Marshall would issue her final ruling in defiance of the mandate issued by two higher courts having deferred the case in sum for five years subsequent to the Supreme Court decision.[10]
While it was the opinion of Supreme Court Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist that: "the City of Los Angeles was obligated to allow [Preferred Communications Inc.] use of its physical capacity to further speech," the Plaintiff(s) were deprived a jury trial to determine damages for roughly a decade. Between 1983 and 1992, legal hardship and economic disenfranchisement were the product of continual delays; further, no public hearing was ever granted to plaintiff(s) in their effort to assert their first amendment rights under the U.S. constitution.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Howard University (Class of 1958) Yearbook
- ^ a b Selection and confirmation of Federal judges : hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Ninety-sixth Congress, first session ... pt.7 (1979)
- ^ a b Consuelo Bland Marshall at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
- ^ "Preferred Communications, Inc., a California Corporation, plaintiff-appellant, v. City of Los Angeles, California, a Municipal Corporation; and Department of Water and Power, a Municipal utility, Defendants-appellees, 754 F.2d 1396 (9th Cir. 1985)". Justia Law. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
- ^ "CITY OF LOS ANGELES and Department of Water and Power, Petitioners v. PREFERRED COMMUNICATIONS, INC". LII / Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
- ^ "Preferred Communications, Inc., a California Corporation v. City of Los Angeles, California, a..., 754 F.2d 1396 – CourtListener.com". CourtListener. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
- ^ "Preferred Communications, Inc., a California Corporation, plaintiff-appellant, v. City of Los Angeles, California, a Municipal Corporation; and Department of Water and Power, a Municipal utility, Defendants-appellees, 754 F.2d 1396 (9th Cir. 1985)". Justia Law. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
- ^ "City of Los Angeles v. Preferred Communications (1986)". The Free Speech Center. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
- ^ Corn-Revere, Robert (1994-01-01). "New Technology and the First Amendment: Breaking the Cycle of Repression". UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal. 17 (1): 247. ISSN 1061-6578.
- ^ https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1505&context=plr
Sources edit
- Consuelo Bland Marshall at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
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